制革废水中好氧反硝化菌的筛选及其特性

从制革废水中分离得到1株好氧反硝化菌ZY1,并对ZY1的反硝化能力进行了研究。通过16S rDNA序列分析,确定ZY1为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。在初始NO2--N质量浓度为80 mg/L、DO为5.7 mg/L、废水温度为30℃、废水pH为8.0、废水中Cr3+质量浓度为110 mg/L、反应时间为24 h的条件下,ZY1菌对NO2--N的降解率大于98%。     

A study on recovery of SiC from silicon wafer cutting slurry

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The objective of this study is to recover SiC from silicon wafer cutting slurry using physical separation and acid/alkali purification processes....     

泄漏检测与修复技术实施水平量化评估简介

介绍了泄漏检测与修复(LDAR)及挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)控制相关标准、指南和文件。研究了泄漏检测与修复项目实施水平量化评估技术。其中,评估流程包括制定评估方案、收集评估资料,开展现场评估,编写评估报告;评估要素包括资料审核、现场审核、人员考察、现场抽检4方面内容;水平量化评估包括LDAR技术实施水平量化评估检查表、LDAR技术实施水平量化评分标准。本研究对评估企业实施LDAR过程合规性,检测数据有效性,以及实施技术水平的可比性具有指导意义。     

水处理中膜分离技术种类及特性研究

随着时代进步,科技发展,中国的环境问题尤其是水污染日益严重,而饮用水质量紧密关系着人们的健康,所以保证饮用水的水质安全,是给水厂重要的使命与责任.膜分离技术由于兼有分离、浓缩、纯化和精制的功能,又有高效、节能、环保、分子级过滤及过滤过程简单、易于控制等特征具有自身独特的优势.给水厂的常规处理工艺已然不能满足水质的要求,深度处理虽能大大提高水质,但是国内逐渐发展起来的超滤技术在去除水中致病微生物方面效果显著.简要介绍膜分离技术的种类及在给水处理中的应用.     

An empirical investigation of construction and demolition waste generation rates in Shenzhen city, South China

The construction and demolition waste generation rates (C&D WGRs) is an important factor in decision-making and management of material waste in any construction site. The present study investigated WGRs by conducting on-site waste sorting and weighing in four ongoing construction projects in Shenzhen city of South China. The results revealed that WGRs ranged from 3.275 to 8.791 kg/m² and miscellaneous waste, timber for formwork and falsework, and concrete were the three largest components amongst the generated waste. Based on the WGRs derived from the research, the paper also discussed the main causes of waste in the construction industry and attempted to connect waste generation with specific construction practices. It was recommended that measures mainly including performing waste sorting at source, employing skilful workers, uploading and storing materials properly, promoting waste management capacity, replacing current timber formwork with metal formwork and launching an incentive reward program to encourage waste reduction could be potential solutions to reducing current WGRs in Shenzhen. Although these results were derived from a relatively small sample and so cannot justifiably be generalized, they do however add to the body of knowledge that is currently available for understanding the status of the art of C&D waste management in China.     

基于人工神经网络的居民生活垃圾可燃成分热值预测

研究采用BP、RBF和自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)对生活垃圾可燃成分的热值进行预测。结果表明,BP神经网络模型的预测准确率为93.36%,RBF模型为96.87%,ANFIS模型为91.06%,3种模型均可用于可燃成分热值预测,但RBF模型的预测准确率相对较高,更适用于可燃垃圾的热值预测。     

预处理对CNTs低温催化氧化NH3性能的影响

用浓酸混合液(浓H2SO4,H2O2)和非热等离子体(NTP)对碳纳米管(CNTs)进行预处理,对比2种方法预处理的CNTs在负载不同活性组分时NH3的催化氧化性能,实验结果表明,浓酸混合液预处理后的CNTs,负载不同单活性组份时,NH3转化率均低于50%,产物中没有NO和NO2。负载不同双活性组分时,5%Co-5%Zr/CNTs在200~225℃间,NH3的转化效率达到55%。NTP预处理的CNTs催化剂NH3的氧化性能高于浓酸混合液预处理的CNTs催化剂,在250℃时5%Cu/CNTs催化剂NH3的转化率基本接近90%。而250℃时,5%Cu-5%Zr/CNTs催化剂NH3转化率约为80%,NO的生成率约为75%,NO2生成率约3%。     

北京南海子湖藻垫在春夏交替季节水华过程中的作用

藻垫对湖泊水体水华发生是否有影响及影响机制是目前水体富营养化研究的一个前沿课题。本文以北京南海子湖为例,研究湖底藻垫对水体水华爆发的影响。通过对干燥藻垫和水华过程新产生的藻垫进行培养对比实验,揭示不同时期形成的藻垫对水体藻生物量的影响即水华的影响。结果表明,不同干燥时间的藻垫均对水体藻生物量有影响,进入藻生长平台期,水体叶绿素a浓度范围为15~20 μg/L,而灭菌后的藻垫培养水体中叶绿素a浓度低于10 μg/L;水华爆发后新生成的藻垫对水体藻生物量也有贡献,培养水体叶绿素a范围也达到15-20 μg/L;干燥时间对藻垫培养后水体浮游植物生物量的影响较弱。     

Solubilization of substituted indole compounds by beta-cyclodextrin in water

The solubilization of four pairs of substituted indole compounds (SICs) by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in water was investigated. The results show that 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole and N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole form 1:1 inclusion complexes with β-CD, while the other six SICs form 1:2 inclusion complexes, respectively. To each pair of SICs with similar structures, the differences between their solubilization in β-CD/water solutions has been explained by the difference of their contact area within the β-CD cavity, the difference of their molecule polarity, or the presence of hydrogen bond between SIC molecule and β-CD molecule.     

Effect of ZnFe2O4 doping on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2

The photocatalytic oxidation of the organic pollutants with the TiO2 as photocatalyst has been widely studied in the world, and many achievements have been got. The degradation of pollutants is highly related with the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. It is demonstrated that doping ions or oxides to TiO2 is one way to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. In this paper, the ZnFe2O4-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared from butyl titanate by a sol-gel method and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that when TiO2 was doped with ZnFe2O4, its particle size will decrease and its crystal structure will partly transform from anatase to rutile. The photocatalytic activity of the elaborated powders was studied following the degradation of Rhodamine B. The results showed that doping ZnFe2O4 to TiO2 will enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and that ZnFe2O4-doped TiO2 in the coexistence of anatase and rutile has higher efficiency for the degradation of Rhodamine B than that in the anatase phase alone. Also the different role of O2 in the direct photolysis and photocatalysis of Rhodamine B was discussed.