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981.
John T Novak Dong H Chon Betty-Ann Curtis Mike Doyle 《Water environment research》2007,79(12):2380-2386
A laboratory study of the Cannibal process was undertaken to determine if the Cannibal system would generate less sludge compared with a conventional activated sludge system. Side-by-side sequencing batch reactors were operated--one using the Cannibal configuration and the other as conventional activated sludge. It was found that the Cannibal process generated 60% less solids than the conventional activated sludge system, without any negative effect on the effluent quality or the settling characteristics of the activated sludge. The oxygen uptake rate for the centrate from the Cannibal bioreactor showed that readily biodegradable organic matter was released from the recycled biomass in the Cannibal bioreactor. It is proposed that the mechanism for reduced solids from the Cannibal system is that, in the Cannibal bioreactor, iron is reduced, releasing iron-bound organic material into solution. When the Cannibal biomass is recirculated back to the aeration basin, the released organic material is rapidly degraded. 相似文献
982.
电极材料对电解法处理循环式准好氧垃圾填埋场渗滤液效果的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别用3种不同材料电极(不锈钢、Ti/Pt和Ti/RuO2-IrO2)作阳极、石墨电极作阴极在同一条件下分别对循环式准好氧填埋垃圾场渗滤液进行电解处理对比研究。研究结果表明,随着电解时间的变化,渗滤液中的COD、BOD5、BOD5/COD、重金属离子浓度、色度和pH值均会发生改变。当电解时间为10—20min时,用上述3种电极作阳极电解均会出现渗滤液COD、BOD5、BOD5/COD增大的现象;当电解时间为30—40min时,用Ti/RuO2-IrO2或Ti/Pt电极作阳极电解均可使渗滤液的色度降为0;当电解时间为120min时,分别用3种电极作阳极电解都可使渗滤液中的COD、BOD5和重金属得到有效的去除,其中用Ti/RuO2-IrO2电极作阳极电解对COD、BOD5的去除效果最好:用Ti/Pt电极作阳极电解对Pb^2+的去除效果最好。 相似文献
983.
Sheth AC Sastry C Yeboah YD Xu Y Agarwal P 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2003,53(4):451-460
Catalyst recovery studies were conducted for gasified chars produced from steam gasification of Illinois #6 coal catalyzed with two different catalyst systems. A ternary (43.5 mol% Li2CO3-31.5 mol% Na2COr-25 mol% K2CO3) and a binary (29 mol% Na2CO3-71 mol% K2CO3) eutectic catalyst system were used for gasifying coal. Various extraction schemes, such as water extraction, H2SO4 extraction, and acetic acid extraction, were evaluated with respect to their extraction efficiencies. Effects of major process variables, such as solvent-to-char ratio, mixing time, temperature, and concentration, on the extraction efficiency were evaluated. A process schematic for the entire catalyst recovery, regeneration, and recycle scheme was developed and the preliminary process economics were determined based on these extraction schemes. H2SO4 extraction was found to be the most desirable. It also turned out to be more attractive than a once-through throwaway system. 相似文献
984.
水体中卤乙酸(HAAs)的产生、测定方法与控制途径 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对饮用水中普遍存在的消毒副产物形式HAAs的产生、测定方法以及控制途径进行了阐述。并对影响HAAs生成的主要因素投氯量、溴的影响以及卤乙酸副产物(HAAFP)含量等进行了分析。生物活性炭技术是一种非常有效的控制HAAs含量和减少HAAFP含量的方法,对于保障饮用水安全性具有重要意义。 相似文献
985.
Wet air oxidation of a prepared reactive dye solution was performed to assess the efficacy of CoAlPO(4)-5 and CeO(2) as catalysts in the reaction. Via adsorption and oxidation of dye, CoAlPO(4)-5 effectively decreased American Dye Manufacturers Institute and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values in the dye solution. At a reaction temperature of 135 degrees C and an applied pressure of 1.0 MPa, color and COD removal were as high as 95% and 90%, respectively, after 2 h. Active sites on the outer surface of CoAlPO(4)-5 are responsible for adsorption and decomposition of dye while active sites in the pores dominate further destruction and oxidation of intermediate products. Since the outer surface only represents a minor part of the total surface, the color removal does not increase appreciably with loading of CoAlPO(4)-5. The CeO(2) catalyst, calcined from cerium chloride under high thermal impact (type A CeO(2)) was very effective in removing color and COD from the solution. This catalyst demonstrated near 100% color removal at temperatures above 135 degrees C and the COD removal could be above 95% at 165 degrees C. With both CoAlPO(4)-5 and CeO(2) catalysts, COD rose and then fell back during the reaction, a feature typical of a consecutive reaction. In contrast to prepared CeO(2), a commercial CeO(2) did not exhibit any catalytic ability for the removal of color and COD. The durability of both CoAlPO(4)-5 and prepared CeO(2) is considered to be fair. 相似文献
986.
利用底栖动物研究京杭运河徐州段的水质变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过分析京杭运河徐州段4个断面底栖动物的种类、密度,及生物多样性指数的变化来研究京杭运河徐州段水质的变化趋势。 相似文献
987.
分别测定了苯酚、硝基苯和间硝基苯胺对发光菌的单一毒性,以及等浓度配比和等毒性配比的二元及三元混合体系的联合毒性,采用相加指数法对其联合效应进行了评价。结果表明,等浓度比和等毒性比混合体系的联合作用结果一致:苯酚+间硝基苯胺二元体系为协同作用,其他各体系为相加作用。为简化联合毒性实验方法,建议在研究相关系列化合物的联合毒性作用机制中,可采用等浓度配比方法。 相似文献
988.
Chlorophenols (ClPhs) are considered as important precursors for PCDD/Fs formation. The influences of series of metal oxides including MgO, Al2O3, CaO, BaO, TiO2, V2O5, MnO2, Fe2O3, Co3O4, CuO, Ag2O, ZnO, HgO, SnO, PbO, La2O3, CeO2, and Eu2O3 on PCDD/Fs formation from pentachlorophenol (PCP) were investigated in a laboratory-scale reactor. The results indicated that most of the above metal oxides have obvious suppressing effects on the total amount of PCDD/Fs formation from precursor PCP except for CuO, ZnO, MnO2, TiO2 and Co3O4 with promotion effects at 280 degrees C for 2 h. Although MgO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, PbO, La2O3 and Eu2O3 could reduce the amount of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), they promote the formation of more toxic 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD at the same time. The total suppressing efficiencies of several metal oxides including CaO, BaO, PbO, Ag2O, HgO and SnO which have lower Z/r (charge to radius ratio) <2 are all over 90%. The theories of generalized acid-base and atomic parameter (Z/r) were used to speculate the effecting mechanisms. The factors including time and temperature on suppressing efficiencies of CaO, BaO and PbO have also been studied in the present paper. The results showed that the total suppressing efficiencies of CaO, BaO and PbO increase with the increase of heated time and temperature. 相似文献
989.
990.
脉冲放电烟气脱硫脱硝技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了脉冲放电等离子体烟气脱硫脱硝技术的发展历史、研究现状、进展及其存在的问题. 相似文献