中国企业社会责任财务绩效评价模型研究

2003年,英国政府出台了<我们能源的未来-创建低碳经济>能源白皮书,其中首次引入了"低碳经济"的概念,随后越来越多的学者开始探讨这种经济发展模式及其技术和政策的可行性,并展开了一系列实证研究.而在这种新的经济发展趋势下,作为经济主体的企业所要承担的社会责任也就被赋予了新的内窖.那么在向低碳经济转型的过程中,如何对企业的社会责任进行客观、有效的评价将对于企业更好履行其社会责任起到重要作用.基于我国国情,本文通过对低碳经济发展模式下中国企业社会责任财务绩效进行模型研究,提出了在传统指标分析模型基础上进行数据包络分析(DEA)和可持续计量的双重模型修正,以期弥补传统财务绩效模型在企业有效投入分析和动态性评价方面的缺陷和不足.     

环境经济学在中国的最新进展与展望

本文从环境经济学领域的研究角度出发，介绍了环境经济学在中国最新的研究进展，并对环境经济学在中国未来的一段时间内的发展研究做了展望，随着中国全面建设小康社会和公众环境质量需求的提高，环境经济学所关注的内容会更加全面并逐步深化，环境经济学在中国环境管理中的作用也日益显著。     

含水率及燃烧性能等级对中密度纤维板点燃行为及安全性能影响的研究

采用锥形量热仪,在不同辐射热流强度下,对三种燃烧性能等级(B级、C级和非阻燃)的中密度纤维板在不同相对湿度(0%、50%和98%)形成的含水率条件下进行了辐射引燃实验,测得点燃时间和热释放速率等参数。利用点燃理论中热厚型积分模型,推导了不同含水率不同燃烧性能等级(防火等级)纤维板的临界辐射热通量。通过对比发现,点燃时间随着板材含水率的增加而明显增大,而临界辐射热通量则几乎不受环境相对湿度(即含水率)的影响。添加阻燃剂可延长点燃时间,使板材临界辐射热通量增加,并能有效地降低纤维板材燃烧时的热释放速率。阻燃纤维板的临界辐射热通量要明显高于非阻燃纤维板,但是阻燃纤维板材之间相比,临界辐射热通量差别不大。因而,从本质安全的角度对材料的安全性进行评价,不能将临界辐射热通量作为单一的标准,必须综合多个参数进行全面评价。     

TiO2气溶胶快速去除空气中的芥子气模拟剂

在自制反应器内,通过喷射法将纳米TiO_2分散成气溶胶形式,用以降解空气中的芥子气模拟剂二乙基硫醚(DES)。利用自行设计的一套气溶胶沉降行为评价装置,对TiO_2气溶胶的释放条件进行了优化。系统研究了相对湿度、反应温度、光强、催化剂加入量、反应物浓度等因素对DES降解速率和彻底矿化速率的影响。结果表明:TiO_2气溶胶对2.80 mg/L(近似芥子气快速致死浓度)DES降解的半衰期由涂覆型TiO_2的34.5 min缩短至8.5 min;TiO_2气溶胶光催化降解DES的最佳相对湿度为35%,此时CO_2最快生成速率可达34.64μg/(L·min),150 min内彻底矿化比例达66.1%;对于1.5 L反应器,催化剂加入量为30 mg时降解DES的量效比达到最佳状态;TiO_2气溶胶光催化适用于含低浓度DES空气的快速净化。     

沟渠式生物接触氧化法对有机物和氨氮的去除研究

生物接触氧化工艺是目前较为成熟的水质净化技术,国内外在河流水质净化、水体修复中都有较多的研究和应用.在实验室采用沟渠式生物接触氧化组合系统处理模拟村庄面源污水,较好地去除了有机物并实现氨氮转化.结果表明,当进水COD为130～290mg/L、氨氮为30～40mg/L、水力负荷为0.19～0.24m3/(m2·d)的条件下,该系统稳定运行11周,COD和氨氮的平均去除率分别达85%和79%.     

北部湾海域江豚体内重金属含量及分布

应用原子吸收分光光度计对北部湾海域江豚的肌肉、脂肪、肝脏、胰脏、心脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃和肠管道等器官组织样品中的Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、 Fe、Mn、Hg和As的含量进行测定,并使用标准物作了对照分析.结果显示,江豚体内各器官组织中的Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Fe、Mn、Hg和As的平均含量分别为(0.05～37.9)×10-6、(6.20～101.9 )×10-6、(24.38～181.5) ×10-6、(ND～1.85) ×10-6、(10.60～13.35)×10-6、(1.68～3.15)×10-6、(111.45～1413.8)×10-6、(0.35～12.43)×10-6、(0.21～34.36)×10-6和(0.28～3.81)×10-6(干重).江豚体内重金属含量高低的基本趋势是Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd>Mn> Hg>As>Pb.肝、肾脏等内脏器官中的重金属含量普遍高于肌肉及脂肪组织中的含量;胃组织中没有测出Pb的存在.与渤海和黄海江豚比较,北海湾海域江豚体内各种重金属的含量介于渤海和黄海江豚之间,说明该地区海域已受到重金属污染.     

How to achieve a win-win situation between economic growth and carbon emission reduction: empirical evidence from the perspective of industrial structure upgrading

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Over the past 40&nbsp;years since China’s reform and opening up, the industrial structure has undergone tremendous changes. The rapid...     

Primary biosorption mechanism of lead (II) and cadmium (II) cations from aqueous solution by pomelo (Citrus maxima) fruit peels

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present work investigates the primary adsorption mechanisms of lead (II) and cadmium (II) cations onto pomelo fruit peel (PFP) from aqueous...     

Spatial and temporal variations of PAHs in surface sediments of estuarine and coast of CanGio wetland,Vietnam

Surface sediments from estuarine and coast of CanGio wetland (CGW) of Hochiminh City, Vietnam, were investigated to identify the spatial and temporal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The total PAHs showed wide variation but similar to patterns observed (F?=?0.901, p?=?0.46) in LongTau (31?±?77 ng/g dry weight, n?=?13), SoaiRap (53?±?81, n?=?4), ThiVai (60?±?62, n?=?10) estuaries, and coastal areas (112?±?211, n?=?9). A decreasing trend in the wet season (F?=?8.8, p?=?0.01) reflected that inland sources such as wastewater discharged and atmospherically transported contaminants contributed to PAHs in sediments. The risk posed by the PAHs in the coastal and estuarine areas of CGW is still negligible. The present study provides baseline data, which can be used for regular monitoring and future strategy of environmental protection for the study area.

     

Problems and Strategies of Industrial Transformation of China's Resource-based Cities

Resource-based cities face vital economic, social, and environmental problems during their industrial transformation. Urban industrial structure is a traditional primary industrial pattern, which is resource-based and resource-intensive economy with low level technology and efficiency. They encounter tremendous pressure of unemployment and social security. Resources of such cities are on the verge of extinction, in addition, the environmental pollution and ecological conditions are becoming worse. The cities have significant institutional issues and their innovation capacity is inadequate. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out strategic innovations to realize the successful economic transformation of resource-based cities. The strategic innovations include innovation of development goals, equalization of social welfare, sustainable economic development, coordinative development between eco-environment and socioeconomy, and circular economy development strategies optimizing diversified industrial structures. In addition, forming eco-industrial system and changing traditional growth pattern, strategy of resource and industrial substitution and supplement, scientific and technological innovation strategy —late-comer's advantages of development of new high-tech ecocity development strategy and innovation of institutional mechanism and systems.