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251.
Fengchun Xie Tingting Cai Yang Ma Haiying Li Chuncheng Li Zhiyuan Huang Gaoqing Yuan 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(16):1494-1498
The paper presents a novel cleaner process for metal recovery from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) waste sludge by assistance of ultrasound. The process can effectively recover heavy metals at low cost with high separation and recovery efficiency, produce high quality products and also achieve zero waste discharge with operation at industrial scale. With the PCB waste sludge containing (wet content) 3.14–4.85% copper and 3.71–4.23% iron, copper recovery efficiency of 95.2–97.5% and iron recovery efficiency of 97.1–98.5% were achieved, while the purity of copper sulfate produced by the process was 98.0% and the produced ferric chloride had a satisfied quality for using as a coagulant material for the plant on-site wastewater treatment. The process had been successfully scaled up to the industrial scaled applications in a heavy metal recovery plant in city of Huizhou, China for more than two years. The novel cleaner heavy metal recovery process has a great prospect on the applications of resources recovery and environmental protection practices. 相似文献
252.
长江三峡花岗岩地区土壤流失时间分布特性 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
长江三峡花岗岩地区坡面土壤流失以耕地砂砾化面蚀和有部分植物覆盖坡面的鳞片状面蚀为主,该地土壤流失研究结果表明,由以上两类面蚀导致的土壤流失量月分布与月降雨量的分布基本趋势一致,二者呈现较为明显的线性相关关系。地面坡度>30°的裸地土壤流失量达5000t/km3·a以上,覆盖度≥0.70的林地土壤流失量<500t/km2·a,该流域土壤流失量为1544.14t/km2·a,产沙量为694.86t/km2·a 相似文献
253.
本文以过氧化氢-甲基红,在活化剂α、α~1-联吡啶存在下,建立了催化光度法测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的方法,其灵敏度为2.68×10~(-11)gFe(Ⅲ)/ml,线性范围为0~0.6μgFe(Ⅲ)/25ml。用于桂林风景点水中痕量铁测定,结果令人满意。 相似文献
254.
Steady performance of a zero valent iron packed anaerobic reactor for azo dye wastewater treatment under variable influent quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zero valent iron (ZVI) is expected to help create an enhanced anaerobic environment that might improve the performance of anaerobic treatment. Based on this idea, a novel ZVI packed upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (ZVI-UASB) reactor was developed to treat azo dye wastewater with variable influent quality. The results showed that the reactor was less influenced by increases of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B concentration from 50 to 1000 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 1000 to 7000 mg/L in the feed than a reference UASB reactor without the ZVI. The ZVI decreased oxidation-reduction potential in the reactor by about 80 mV. Iron ion dissolution from the ZVI could buffer acidity in the reactor, the amount of which was related to the COD concentration. Fluorescence in situ hybridization test showed the abundance of methanogens in the sludge of the ZVI-UASB reactor was significantly greater than that of the reference one. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed that the ZVI increased the diversity of microbial strains responsible for high efficiency. 相似文献
255.
Oxidation of aniline by persulfate in aqueous solutions was investigated and the reaction kinetic rates under different temperature, persulfate concentration and pH conditions were examined in batch experiments. The results showed that, the aniline degradation followed pseudo first-order reaction model. Aniline degradation rate increased with increasing temperature or persulfate concentration. In the pH range of 3 to 11, a low aniline degradation rate was obtained at strong acid system (pH 3), while a high degradation rate was achieved at strong alkalinity (pH 11). Maximum aniline degradation occurred at pH 7 when the solution was in a weak level of acid and alkalinity (pH 5, 7 and 9). Produced intermediates during the oxidation process were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology. And nitrobenzene, 4-4’-diaminodiphenyl and 1-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylhydrazine have been identified as the major intermediates of aniline oxidation by persulfate and the degradation mechanism of aniline was also tentatively proposed. 相似文献
256.
257.
CuFe-SSZ-13 catalyst showed excellent performance in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR) for diesel engine exhaust purification. To investigate the effect of preparation methods on NH3-SCR performance, Fe was loaded into one-pot synthesized Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts through solid-state ion-exchange (SSIE), homogeneous deposition precipitation (HDP) and liquid ion-exchange (IE), respectively. Three CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts showed similar SO2 resistance, which was better than that of Cu-SSZ-13. The improvement was attributed to the protection of Fe species. Hydrothermal stability of three CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts was significantly different, which was attributed to the state of active species caused by different preparation methods. Compared with the other two catalysts, more active species existed inside the zeolite pores of CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE. During hydrothermal aging, the aggregation of these active species in the pores caused the collapse of catalyst structure, ultimately leading to the deactivation of CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE. In contrast, Fe species was dispersed better on the surface over CuFe-SSZ-13IE, enhancing the hydrothermal stability of catalysts. Consequently, Fe loading effectively improved the resistance of SO2 and H2O over Cu-SSZ-13. For CuFe-SSZ-13, large amounts of active species located inside the zeolite pores are not beneficial for the hydrothermal stability. 相似文献
258.
为了解海河水系水污染防治重点区域永定河怀来段污染特征,于2016年11月—2017年10月进行了为期一年的监测。选择6个采样点的6项监测指标,阐述河流氮、磷的时空变化特征,并采用氮磷比和对数型幂函数普适指数公式法分析水体氮、磷营养盐结构时空变化规律,评估水体富营养化程度,解析富营养化风险。结果表明:永定河怀来段水体污染较为严重,其中TN浓度超过《国家环境保护标准“十三五”发展规划》中地表水环境功能区划分Ⅲ类水体浓度限值的13.25倍,有机氨(ON)和N O 3 - -N为TN的主要存在形式;TP浓度均值为0.64 mg/L;各指标具备农业面源污染特征。水体中氮、磷时空分布特征明显:在时间尺度上,水体中氮、磷浓度呈现季节性变化规律;在空间尺度上,水体中氮、磷分布特征相似。永定河怀来段氮磷比年均值为32.78,水体浮游植物总体处于磷限制状态。平水期表现出磷为限制性营养元素,枯水期、丰水期氮磷比适合藻类大量的生长繁殖。永定河怀来段水体时空变化大多处在富营养化阶段,水体富营养化评价综合指数(EI)枯水期最大,为228.11;丰水期最小,为213.06;平水期居中,为218.30。永定河怀来段河流动力学过程良好,河流流态具有连续性,河流干流流速为0.43~1.45 m/s,远大于水华爆发的临界流量,干流大面积蓝藻水华现象的风险较低。 相似文献
259.
260.
采用十二烷基多糖苷季铵盐作为改性剂制备改性膨润土,研究了改性膨润土联合混凝剂去除有机物的效果,考察了有机改性剂用量、微波辐射功率、辐射时间、膨润土投加量、pH值对有机物去除效果的影响,探讨了改性膨润土的改性和去除机理。结果表明,经微波改性后,实现了十二烷基多糖苷季铵盐阳离子对膨润土的插层,增大了层间距,提高了膨润土的吸附性能。联合混凝剂投加改性膨润土能够改善絮凝性能,显著提高有机物的去除效果。在最佳条件下,改性膨润土与PAC联合后的强化混凝,对初始浓度15.3 mg/L的微污染水中有机物的去除率达到95%以上,吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。 相似文献