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851.
Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of γ-HCH on soil surfaces was carded out to evaluate the photocatalytic effectiveness of α-Fe2O3 and TiO2 toward degrading γ-HCH on soil surfaces. After being spiked with γ-HCH, soil samples were loaded with α-Fe2O3 or TiO2 and exposed to UV-light irradiation. Different catalyst loads, 0%, 2%, 5%, 7%, and 10% (wt.)α-Fe2O3 ; 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2:(Wt.)TiO2, were tested for up to 7 d irradiation. The effects of soil thickness, acidity, and humic substances were also investigated. The obtained results indicated that the γ-HCH photodegradation follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The addition of α-Fe2O3 or TiO2 accelerates the photodegradation of γ-HCH, while the photodegradation rate decreases when the content of α-Fe2O3 exceeds 7% (wt.).The degradation rate increases with the soil pH value. Humic substances inhibit the photocatalytic degradation of γ-HCH., and trichlorobenzene are detected as photodegradation intermediates, which are gradually degraded with the photodegradation evolution. 相似文献
852.
Kunyu M Rujun Yang Shenglu Qu Yingying Zhang Yuan Liu He Xie Minghan Zhu Mengqi Bi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(10):70-83
Iron and nitrate (NO3?) are dominant physiologically required nutrients for phytoplankton growth, and iron may also play a key role in the marine nitrogen cycle. In this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial distributions of dissolved iron (DFe) and Fe(II) in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) from April 2 to July 26, 2017. High concentrations of DFe and Fe(II) predominantly occurred in nearshore and estuarine stations and concentrations were generally higher in April and May. The highest DFe concentration was observed along the coast of Hongdao (51.55 nmol/L) in May, while the lowest concentration was observed in the western coastal region (2.88 nmol/L) in April. The highest and lowest Fe(II) concentrations were observed in the Licun estuary (22.42 nmol/L) and outer bay (0.50 nmol/L) in May, respectively. We calculated the proportions of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) as well as the ratio of Fe(II) to DFe in all four months. The mean Fe(II)/DFe ratio was 0.48 in April, 0.43 in May, 0.69 in June, and 0.32 in July. The mean ratio of NO3? to DIN was 0.78 in April, 0.54 in May, 0.20 in June, and 0.62 in July. NO3?/DIN continuously decreased in the first three months, while Fe(II)/DFe remained high, which suggests that the reduction of iron and nitrate occurred simultaneously in the surface waters of JZB. 相似文献
853.
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855.
硝化抑制剂的加量对生化需氧量值影响的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BOD作为衡量水体受有机污染程度的重要指标,其反映的可生化降解性是其他参数无法替代的。在5日生化培养时间内,硝化作用的耗氧量取决于是否存在足够数量的能进行此种氧化作用的微生物,许多二级生化处理的出水和受污染较久的水体中,往往含有大量硝化微生物,因此测定这种水样时应抑制其硝化反应。通过对特定水体硝化抑制剂添加与否及加量多少对BOD5测定结果的影响,分析并探讨抑制特定水体硝化过程的最佳条件。在严格质量控制的基础上,对特定行业和环境水体的实际样品进行硝化抑制剂添加与否和加量及时间培养曲线等对比实验,通过所得到的比对数据以化学需氧量值与BOD5之间关系为基准,对硝化抑制剂的加量进行了探究。 相似文献
856.
新型低温CuO/AC脱硫剂制备——煅烧温度对脱硫活性的影响 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
首次将炭载型CuO/AC用于烟气脱硫,在最经济的烟气脱硫温度窗口(120~250℃)显示出高的脱硫活性.考查了煅烧温度和煅烧后脱硫剂的预氧化对脱硫活性的影响,并对脱硫剂进行了TPD和EXAFS表征.结果表明:经250℃煅烧的CuO/AC脱硫剂具有最高的脱硫活性.200℃煅烧,前驱体Cu(NO3)2未完全分解;高于250℃煅烧,活性组分CuO被载体C部分还原为金属Cu 微晶,从而发生烧结、聚集,以上均导致脱硫剂活性的下降.尽管不同温度煅烧的CuO/AC表现出大的脱硫活性差异,但吸硫后均生成同一反应产物CuSO4.250℃煅烧的CuO/AC脱硫剂Cu 以CuO和Cu2O形态存在,其中的Cu2O在200℃很容易氧化成CuO 相似文献
857.
Hui Xie Lusheng Zhu Tingting M Jun Wang Jinhua Wang Jun Su Bo Shao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(12):1930-1935
The free enzyme extracted from WZ-I,which was identified as Fusarium LK.ex Fx,could effectively degrade chlorpyrifos,an organophosphate insecticide.The methods of immobilizing this free enzyme and determined its degradation-related characteristics were investigated.The properties of the immobilized enzyme were compared with those of the free enzyme.The optimal immobilization of the enzyme was achieved in a solution of 30 g/L sodium alginate at 4°C for 4-12 hr.The immobilized enzyme showed the maximal activity at pH 8.0,45°C.The maximum initial rate and the substrate concentration of the immobilized enzyme were less than that of the free enzyme.The immobilized enzyme,therefore,had a higher capacity to withstand a broader range of temperatures and pH conditions than the free enzyme.With varying pH and temperatures,the immobilized enzyme was more active than the free enzyme in the degradation reaction.In addition,the immobilized enzyme exhibited only a slight loss in its initial activity,even after three repeated uses.The results showed that the immobilized enzyme was more resistant to different environmental conditions,suggesting that it was viable for future practical use. 相似文献
858.
Interaction of humic substances and hematite: FTIR study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IntroductionInteractionsofhumicsubstances(HSs)andironoxidesareofgreatsignificanceinmanygeochemicalprocesses.ItisclearthatadsorptionofHSstothesurfaceofironoxidescangreatlyinfluencethepropertiesofsuchsurfaces,thuspotentialaffectthefate,behavior,transportandtransformationofenvironmentalpollutants(Mcknight,1992).Ononehand,whenadsorbedtosurfacesofironoxides,HSsmaybindandhenceimmobilizetracemetals,radionucilides,andnonionicorganicpollutants,andtheyalsoalteroxidesurfacechargepropertiesandflocculat… 相似文献
859.
当前养殖场周边环境严重影响畜禽类的养殖质量,以基于DNA条形码技术的黄牛肉质检测物研究为例,对黄牛肉的真伪进行了检测。对黄牛种类特异性基因COI基因(NC_006853.1)序列进行设计,利用DNA提取、DNA纯度和浓度测定、PCR扩增、电泳检测、DNA纯化和回收、DNA克隆,完成肉质真伪的检测。得到电泳检测结果,真正黄牛肉扩增片段长度为534 bp,其余肉品样本不能扩增出534 bp。实验结果表明,该检测方法操作方便,检测时间短,应用前景较好,可以满足市场肉类监督检测需要。 相似文献
860.
通过在丰水期对贵州省某流域城市河段悬浮物和沉积物中的重金属含量进行测定,运用单因子指数法、生态风险评价法、因子分析法,初步探讨了该河段Cu、Zn、Pb、Hg、Cd、Cr、Ni及As等8种重金属元素的含量分布、污染特征、潜在生态风险及主要来源。检测结果显示,沉积物和悬浮物中Hg、Cd、Zn、Pb、As的平均含量较高,是贵州省土壤背景值的1.02~16.97倍。单因子指数评价结果表明:在沉积物中,Zn、Pb、As为轻度污染,Hg和Cd为重度污染;在悬浮物中,Cu、Pb、As为轻度污染,Zn为中度污染,Hg和Cd为重度污染。潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示,Hg和Cd的生态风险最大,为主要污染元素。研究区沉积物样品综合生态风险指数(RI)介于183.27~1 393.96,平均值为912.06,总体处于严重生态风险等级;悬浮物样品RI值介于341.53~612.38,平均值为436.85,总体处于重度生态风险等级。其中,沉积物样品重金属平均生态风险等级高于悬浮物样品,支流样品重金属生态风险等级总体上低于干流下游样品。根据因子分析法分析结果,初步推测沉积物及悬浮物Hg、Cd、Cr、Ni含量主要受工... 相似文献