烤鳗废油的利用现状及其开发展望

本文对鳗鱼油的利用价值和利用现状进行了评价和回顾,提出了烤鳗废油利用中亟需解决的几个技术问题,并对烤鳗废油利用的开发前景进行了展望。     

The International Environmental Expert Panel for Major Dam/Reservoir Projects: The Yellow River, China

The experience of the International Expert Panel on Environment for the Xiaolangdi dam/reservoir project in China (XEP) showed that the Panel meetings resulted in a marked improvement in project environmental performance by all parties participating in project implementation, with no parties exempt from the Panel's evaluations. Unfortunately the Loan Agreement authorizes use of the Panel only through the project stages of final design and construction, hence the 12th Panel meeting, which matched project construction completion, ended this series. The Panel has recommended that some meetings of the Panel be held during the project's operations stage in order to maintain continuing attention to environmental needs. The XEP experience showed that the XEP, in addition to monitoring project environmental performance, was very valuable for (i) training of Chinese staff involved in project implementation, and (ii) serving in the role as expert consultant for guiding the work of the Chinese participants. The XEP experience also showed the need for making a clear separation between evaluation, the overall resettlement program per se, and the environmental effects of the program. The Panel recommended that the Ministry of Water Resources and World Bank cooperate in sponsoring a book on The Environmental History of the Xiaolangdi Project, including both dam construction as well as resettlement problems, which would serve as a very valuable reference for guiding environmental planning for future dam projects in China (Ludwig, H.F. 1994–2000).     

废油基钻井液处理及油回收技术研究

目前现场处理废油基钻井液一般采用集中填埋或回注地层方法,这不仅难以解决其污染问题,同时也浪费了其中所含有的大量柴油资源。通过大量的实验室和现场试验研究,使用“化学热洗-析油-离心”处理工艺,油回收率达到84%以上;研制开发出的清油剂-凝聚剂-絮凝剂化学热洗配方体系,适用于多种废油基钻井液的回收油处理,具有较好的工业推广应用前景。     

降低聚丙烯酰胺尾气氨含量的可行性研究

在聚丙烯酰胺生产过程中,利用硫酸吸收含氨的工艺尾气所产生的废液不具有利用价值。改进后的治理措施为:水解工艺尾气从塔底部经过循环被吸收液吸收,吸收液直接与含氨气体逆向接触,含氨污染物进入液相,被吸收液吸收、中和并从气体中除去,然后进入塔上部除雾段,除去气体中携带的雾沫,以确保气体净化效率。经除氨处理后的气体被加工成成品。该工艺可以减小处理气体量,并降低了处理难度。     

含油污泥资源化技术综述

文章综合论述了溶剂萃取、焦化、热化学洗油及油田调剖处理、焚烧、热解六种污泥资源化处理技术,分析了污泥处理与资源化程度、二次污染物处理工艺、设施投资和运行的直接经济效益、适用范围及特点。研究结果表明,热解处理技术具有较好的应用前景,值得深入研究及推广应用。     

河水紫外线消毒的研究

本文对河水紫外线消毒进行了研究，得到了水的浊度，水层厚度以及辐射时间与总大肠菌群存活率之间的相关关系，试验结果表明，当浊度≤１２度，水层厚度≤７２ｍｍ辐射时间为５分钟时，消毒后出水中的总大肠菌群数≤３个／Ｌ，并且电耗为０．２９ｋｗ／ｍ＾３，该试验结果可作为工程设计的依据。     

含油废水处理工艺优化研究

在已开发的含油废水处理装置的基础上,对其整体结构、旋分分离部分进行改进,并筛选出性能优良的填料。将原处理装置的单向旋分器改进为双向旋分器、采用YS填料之后,对石油类浓度低于400mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达到90%以上;石油类浓度低于80mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达95%,石油类的浓度小于10mg/L,达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8798-1996)二级标准的要求。改进后的装置对高、中、低不同浓度石油类的含油废水均有较好的处理效果。     

炼油工业推行清洁生产浅析

从清洁生产角度出发,在布局、结构和规模等三个方面分析了炼油工业现状与发展趋势;通过对产业政策相关要求的解读,阐明了炼油工业清洁生产技术导向和管理措施,为推动行业清洁生产发展提供借鉴。     

长江中下游 南黄海地震带地震活动趋势分析

对长江中下游 南黄海地震带地震活跃期、幕划分及其发展趋势进行了研究,对江苏及其邻区今后几年的地震大形势及重点危险区进行了判定。分析认为,长南带从１９７１年以来进入第二活跃期的第３幕,该幕地震活动将持续到２０１０年前后,最高活动水平为６．５级左右。今后几年江苏东部至南黄海海域发生５～６级或６级以上地震的可能性较大。