晶析辅助化学沉淀法处理高含磷废水

在常温条件下,将价格低廉的氯化镁、碳酸氢铵加入到高浓度含磷废水中,不仅有较高的除磷率,且可兼得缓效复合肥MgNH4PO4·6H2O。为了使一次处理液能达标排放,以MgNH4PO4·6H2O作为晶种,采用晶析辅助化学沉淀法进一步除磷。在一次处理液放置时间为2.7h、水力停留时间维持0.1h左右的条件下,处理后的废水可达到Ⅱ类水排放标准(磷质量浓度不超过2.0mg/L)。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定一次性餐具中砷

建立了一次性餐具中砷的氢化物发生－原子荧光测定方法，在选定的试验条件下，荧光强度与砷质量浓度在0μg/L－180μg/L范围内呈线性关系，相关系数0．999 3，溶液检测限0．5μg/L，回收率96％－101％。     

Kinetics study on catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol by several metal oxide catalysts

Four metal oxide catalysts composed of copper (Cu), stannum (Sn), copper-stannum (Cu-Sn) and copper-cerium(Cu-Ce) respectively were prepared by the co-impregnation method, and γ-alumina(γ-Al2O3 ) is selected as support. A first-order kinetics model was established to study the catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol at different temperature when these catalysts were used. The model simulations are good agreement with present experimental data. Results showed that the reaction rate constants can be significantly increased when catalysts were used, and the catalyst of 6% Cu-10% Ce/γ-Al2 O3 showed the best catalytic activity. This is consistent witht he result of catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol and the COD removal can be arrived at 98.2% at temperature 210℃, oxygen partial pressure 3 MPa and reaction time 30 rain. The activation energies of each reaction with different catalysts are nearly equal, which is found to be about 42 kJ/mol and the reaction in this study is proved to be kinetics control.     

毛乌素沙漠东部边缘中β尺度暴雨和冰雹综合分析

利用多普勒雷达资料、Micaps系统提供的常规观测资料和物理量场,对2006年9月20日发生在毛乌素沙漠东部边缘的一次强对流天气过程进行了分析。结果表明:冰雹和暴雨是由两块呈块状的中β尺度强对流单体造成的;地面能量比中α尺度"Ω"系统的生成,为能量的积聚和集中释放提供了有利条件;地面能量比中β尺度能量比低值舌的生成,为强对流天气的发生提供了抬升触发机制;冰雹和暴雨发生前,涡度场和散度场的耦合、影响雹暴区次级环流的形成,为雹暴的发生维持提供了动力机制;850 hPa等压面上湿正压场和湿斜压场的配合、以及湿位涡的三维空间结构,对雹暴的发生及落区有指示意义;在多普勒雷达径向速度场上,雹暴运动的前方对流层低层有中气旋生成,雹暴运动的后方对流层低层有中反气旋生成,而对流层中高层有辐散生成,且超级单体特征明显。     

Photogeneration of hydroxyl radical in Fe(III)-citrate-oxalate system for the degradation of fluconazole: mechanism and products

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The photochemical role of Fe(III)-citrate complex is significant in natural waters due to its ubiquitous existence and excellent photoreactivity at...     

Comparative study of calcium alginate,ball-milled biochar,and their composites on aqueous methylene blue adsorption

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, a novel composite, ball-milled biochar (BMB) encapsulated in calcium-alginate (CA) beads (CA-BMB), was synthesized as an alternative...     

黄浦江上游优先控制有机物的筛选

参考国内外同行有关控制物的筛选方法，通过黄浦江上游饮用水源保护区内水质的污染现状分析，确立了黄浦江上游水源保护区优先控制污染物的筛选原则和筛选程序，建立了黄浦江上游工业废水和地面水中的优先控制的名单。     

Reuse of Selected Lignocellulosic and Processed Biomasses as Sustainable Sources for the Fabrication of Nanocellulose via Ni(II)-Catalyzed Hydrolysis Approach: A Comparative Study

This study investigates for the first time the feasibility of isolating nanocellulose from several selected feedstocks via a novel Ni(II)-hydrolysis process, including lignocellulosic biomasses (oil palm trunk, banana peel and coconut husk) and processed biomasses (newspaper, tissue paper and cotton linter), with an obtained gravimetric yield ranging from 59.6 to 86.2%. The isolation of nanocellulose products from these selected feedstocks was verified by the successive removal of most of their non-cellulosic components (lignin and hemicellulose) and cellulose amorphous regions, the increase in the crystallinity index and the nanoscale of the individual crystals. Most importantly, the resultant nanocellulose products rendered better thermal stability than that of corresponding original sources, which are highly potential to be utilized as the new renewable sources of reinforcement materials with potential applications in bio-nanocomposites and thermoplastics. Therefore, this work proves the viability of direct production of nanocellulose from a variety of cellulosic sources by using Ni(II)-based transition metal salt catalyst. The results suggested that the concept of waste to wealth could be well executed from the obtained nanocellulose, which are greatly potential for various industrial applications.     

光诱导下农药的化学转化及其环境意义

农药在光诱导下进行的化学转化是重要的非生物转化途径,其过程和产物对农药药效、代谢、毒性及环境影响重大.近年来,在国外已成为十分活跃的研究领域.本文着重论述农药环境光化学基本概念,主要光化学反应类型及光诱导下农药化学转化的环境意义。     

Estimating Air Quality in a Traffic Tunnel Using a Forecasting Combination Model

This study performs a field analysis of the diffusion collection rate coefficients of radial geometry passive samplers to measure NO₂ in a Mediterranean coastal area. The study shows that the collection rate coefficients are not constant and depend on certain environmental parameters as well as on the levels of some co-pollutants. A mathematical model, which explains the variation of the collection rate coefficient, has been established.