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381.
水泥窑共处置污染土壤的污染排放研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以被DDT和六六六污染的土壤为研究对象,开展了利用水泥窑进行共处置的工程试验研究,分析了共处置过程对尾气排放的影响。结果表明,水泥窑共处置对农药污染物的焚毁去除率很高,DDT达到99.99991%,六六六达到99.99964%,均高于我国危险废物焚烧炉规定99.99%的焚烧效率;与空白处理相比,尾气排放中有机污染物(包括二恶英/呋喃,简称PCDD/F、多氯联苯PCB、六氯苯HCB、挥发性有机物VOC)、酸性气体和重金属的排放在共处置过程中没有显著增加,且都低于相应的规定限值。试验结果表明,水泥窑共处置固体废物不会导致污染负荷的增加。 相似文献
382.
混合固定化硝化菌和好氧反硝化菌处理焦化废水 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
对传统的聚乙烯醇(PVA)固定化方法进行了改进,试制了加入麦秸粉末的固定化球和以活性炭纤维膜为载体膜固定化细胞产品。混合固定化硝化细菌和好氧反硝化细菌对经过厌氧折流板反应器酸化后的焦化废水进行脱氮,焦化废水在厌氧折流板反应器中经过18 h的酸化后,pH在8.0左右,开始进入好氧槽进行脱氮。在有效容积为5 L好氧槽中经过12 h的曝气处理,加入麦秸粉末的固定化球对氨氮的去除率高达94.3%;纤维膜固定化细胞产品对氨氮的去除率为85%。整个脱氮过程无NO-2-N和NO-2-N的积累,实现了好氧条件下的同时硝化和反硝化。 相似文献
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汽油无铅化与环境空气中铅污染的变化趋势 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
文章简要分析了 1 998年天津市环境空气及交通环境空气中铅污染的程度。机动车尾气排放是环境空气及交通环境空气中铅污染的重要来源 ,1 998年机动车推广使用无铅汽油后天津市铅污染状况明显减轻。 相似文献
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Swine manure is associated with emissions of odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases that can affect air quality on local and regional scales. In this research, a solid phase microextraction (SPME) and novel multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (MDGC-MS-O) system were used to simultaneously identify VOCs and related odors emitted from swine manure. Gas samples were extracted from manure headspace using Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 85-microm SPME fibers. The MDGC-MS-O system was equipped with two columns in series with a system of valves allowing transfer of samples between columns (heartcutting). The heartcuts were used to maximize the isolation, separation, and identification of compounds. The odor impact of separated compounds was evaluated by a trained panelist for character and intensity. A total of 295 compounds with molecular weights ranging from 34 to 260 were identified. Seventy one compounds had a distinct odor. Nearly 68% of the compounds for which reaction rates with OH* radicals are known had an estimated atmospheric lifetime <24 h. 相似文献
390.
Effect of Rainfall Regime and Slope on Runoff in a Gullied Loess Region on the Loess Plateau in China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Runoff was measured from seven plots with different slopes nested in Tuanshangou catchment on the Loess Plateau to study effect of slopes on runoff in relation to rainfall regimes. Based on nine years of field observation and K-mean clusters, 84 rainfall events were grouped into three rainfall regimes. Rainfall regime A is the group of events with strong rainfall intensity, high frequency, and short duration. Rainfall regime C consists of events with low intensity, long duration, and infrequent occurrence. Rainfall regime B is the aggregation of events of medium intensity and medium duration, and less frequent occurrence. The following results were found: (1) Different from traditional studies, runoff coefficient neither decreased nor increased, but presented peak value on the slope surfaces; (2) For individual plot, runoff coefficients induced by rainfall regime A were the highest, and those induced by rainfall regime C were the lowest; Downslope, the runoff coefficients induced by three rainfall regimes presented the same changing trend, although the peak value induced by regime A occurred on a shorter slope length compared to those by regime B and C; (3) Scale effect on runoff induced by rainfall regime A was the least, and that induced by rainfall regime C was the largest. These results can be explained by the interactions of crusting, soil moisture content, slope length and gradient, and erosion units, etc., in the context of different rainfall regimes. 相似文献