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271.
In this paper, the inhibition of methanogens by phenol in coal gasification wastewater(CGW)was investigated by both anaerobic toxicity tests and a lab-scale anaerobic biofilter reactor(AF). The anaerobic toxicity tests indicated that keeping the phenol concentration in the influent under 280 mg/L could maintain the methanogenic activity. In the AF treating CGW,the result showed that adding glucose solution as co-substrate could be beneficial for the quick start-up of the reactor. The effluent chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total phenol reached1200 and 100 mg/L, respectively, and the methane production rate was 175 m L CH4/g COD/day.However, if the concentration of phenol was increased, the inhibition of anaerobic micro-organisms was irreversible. The threshold of total phenol for AF operation was 200–250 mg/L. The extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) and particle size distribution of anaerobic granular sludge in the different stages were also examined, and the results indicated that the influence of toxicity in the system was more serious than its effect on flocculation of EPS. Moreover, the proportion of small size anaerobic granular sludge gradually increased from10.2% to 34.6%. The results of high through-put sequencing indicated that the abundance of the Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes was inhibited by the toxicity of the CGW, and some shifts in the microbial community were observed at different stages. 相似文献
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为了研究南京市PM2.5的污染特征及来源贡献,于2018年3月至2019年2月在南京仙林地区进行PM2.5组分的在线监测,运用PMF和CMB受体模型,开展PM2.5的来源解析.结果表明,观测期间南京市PM2.5平均质量浓度为54.3μg/m3,其中冬季平均浓度76.4μg/m3.PM2.5的主要组分为NO3-(21.3%~30.8%)、SO42-(18.9%~23.5%)、NH4+(14.3%~16.2%).从全年平均来看,PMF模型得到的PM2.5解析结果为:二次无机气溶胶(54.9%)、燃煤源(17.4%)、二次有机气溶胶(7.4%)、机动车排放源(7.1%)、工业源(4.9%)、扬尘源(4.8%)、其他源(3.4%);CMB模型得到的PM2.5解析结果为:硝酸盐(33.0%)、硫酸盐(24.0%)、燃煤源(16.4%)、机动车排放源(8.4%)、二次有机气溶胶(7.1%)、扬尘源(5.7%)、其他源(2.9%)、工业源(2.4%).不同季节PM2.5来源有所差异,夏冬季二次无机气溶胶占比大于春秋季,春冬季燃煤占比最大,二次有机气溶胶在秋季占比最大.结合2017年南京市大气污染源排放清单,对二次气溶胶贡献进行再解析,得到南京仙林地区PM2.5主要贡献来自燃煤源(PMF:34.14%,CMB:33.82%),机动车排放源(PMF:27.33%,CMB:29.33%)以及工业源(PMF:26.76%,CMB:24.77%).可见,影响南京仙林地区PM2.5的污染源主要来自燃煤源、机动车排放源和工业源,基于在线组分监测、利用PMF和CMB模型得到的PM2.5源解析结果具有较好的一致性. 相似文献
274.
Hui Tian;Jiaqi Qin;Chaoyin Cheng;Sohail Ahmad Javeed;Tiansi Chu; 《Sustainable Development》2024,32(1):455-480
Global climate change is becoming an increasingly serious issue. China, the largest carbon emitter, has a long way towards its sustainable development goals (SDGs) and take on its carbon reduction responsibility, especially in the industrial sector. In this vein, industrial intelligence, a key driver in the “Industry 4.0 era”, offers an opportunity in this carbon reduction campaign. This paper seeks to examine the influences of industrial intelligence on carbon emissions, their heterogeneous characteristics and transmission mechanisms, and the moderating role of human capital. Therefore, we properly probed theoretical aspects, and then we used China's provincial data from 2006 to 2019 and a number of tests, namely the fixed effect model, the two-stage test, and the moderating effect model, to test the relevant assumptions. We first unfolded that industrial intelligence can significantly mitigate carbon emissions. Specifically, the heterogeneous analysis found that carbon reduction efforts are more pronounced in China's central and western regions and resource-based regions. We further highlight the mechanism identification, which reveals that industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation are the main channels for industrial intelligence to abate CO2 emissions. Importantly, we pinpoint the role of human capital, which positively moderates the relationship between industrial intelligence and carbon emissions and can well amplify the industrial structure effect of industrial intelligence. These results are conducive to accurately assessing the environmental benefits of industrial intelligence and providing policy enlightenment for China to alleviate carbon emissions, and they will also offer a reference for other developing countries to learn from. 相似文献
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279.
化感物质青蒿素已被证明具有良好的控制蓝藻水华的作用。为探究盐度存在情况下,青蒿素对铜绿微囊藻的胁迫作用是否受到影响,在0~15‰盐度条件下,测定青蒿素对铜绿微囊藻生长、叶绿素a含量以及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明:铜绿微囊藻具有一定的适盐性,5‰的盐度可以促进铜绿微囊藻生长,但盐度>10‰则对藻产生显著抑制作用。加入化感物质青蒿素后,低盐度对藻的促进作用消失,盐度强化了青蒿素对铜绿微囊藻的抑制和对光合系统的破坏,具体体现在破坏铜绿微囊藻光合色素、光合作用结构,降低光合反应中心的活性,降低PSⅡ受体侧的电子传递能力等方面。研究成果中为青蒿素在微咸水中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
280.
长链烯酮不饱和度温标是古温度研究的重要替代指标。介绍了小样量、低长链烯酮样品的分析方法 ,长链烯酮的来源、分布 ,长链烯酮的不饱和度与温度的关系及其在古环境研究中的应用。介绍海洋中长链烯酮研究最新进展的同时 ,着重阐述了湖泊中长链烯酮研究现状及存在的主要问题。 相似文献