Evaluation on the toxicity of ionic liquid mixture with antagonism and synergism to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a fascinating group of new chemicals with the potential to replace the classical volatile organic solvents, stimulating many applications in chemical industry. In case ILs are released to the environment, possible combined toxicity should be taken into account and it is, however, often neglected up to now. In this paper, therefore, the concentration-response curves (CRCs) of four groups of IL mixtures with various mixture ratios to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 were determined using the microplate toxicity analysis and were compared to the CRCs predicted by an additive reference model, the concentration addition (CA) or independent action (IA), to identify the toxicity interaction. It is showed that most of the IL mixture rays displayed the classical addition while the remaining rays exhibited antagonism or synergism. Moreover, it is found that the pEC₅₀ values of the mixture rays exhibiting antagonism or synergism are well correlated with the mixture ratio of a certain IL therein.     

我国台风灾害救助应急响应的时空分布特征

基于2005 - 2010年历次台风灾害救助应急响应的启动和损失情况,在统计分析响应频次和响应灾情的基础上,研究分析了国家台风灾害救助应急响应的时空分布特征.结果表明,国家台风灾害救助应急响应的时空分布特征大致反映了我国重大台风灾害损失的时空分布特征和我国台风灾害救助工作的发展变化和新思路:①2005 - 2010年,国家共针对24次台风过程启动救助应急响应51次,平均每年8.5次,其中四级、三级响应分别为41次、10次,平均每年6.8次、2.5次,分别占80％和20％.②7-9月国家启动台风应急响应最多,10月、5月和4月偶有分布.③近年重大台风损失2005 - 2006年严重,2007 - 2010年则较轻;国家针对台风灾害启动响应从东南沿海向内陆和北方沿海省份递减.④紧急转移安置人口是启动响应依据最多的指标,且呈现明显的逐年下降趋势,反映了近年来国家对台风灾害救助工作的重视和以“预防为主”的应急管理新思路.     

不同光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响

为探究光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响,设置蓝、白两种光质,每种光质下设置5种不同光照时间处理进行栽培试验,并测定每个处理下杏鲍菇原基形成与分化速度、菇蕾与子实体形态、产量及可溶性蛋白质与总糖含量.结果显示,原基形成速度随光照时间增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,蓝光下以15 min光照15 min黑暗时间处理下原基形成速度最...     

A promising clean process for production of diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright

This study proposes a new approach for diosgenin production from Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright tubers with respect to resources utilization and clean production. This process consisted of two successive parts, i.e., recovery of starch from raw material, and microbial hydrolysis of the residue to produce diosgenin by Trichoderma reesei. In the first step, about 75.4% of hemicellulose and 98.0% of starch were removed from the tubers. In the second step, about 90.2% of diosgenin was released from saponins by T. reesei at 30 °C, at an aeration of 0.80 vvm and agitation rate of 300 rpm in a 5.0 L bioreactor. Significant reduction of pollutant production was detected by replacing the traditional approach with the proposed new method. About 99.2% of reducing sugar, 99.4% of chemical oxygen demand, 99.2% of total organic carbon, 100% of SO₄^2?, and 100% of acid was reduced in the new processing wastewater.     

电能表自动化检定系统监控功能的完善

针对电能表自动化检定系统工作过程中的异常现象,通过对其产生原因和影响因素的分析,提出了采用增加触点检测、温度监测、各工位信息实时集中监控的方法对监控功能进行完善。应用结果表明:改进方法实现了对各检定工位的实时监控,系统异常现象减少,合格率得到了提升,保证了检定系统的高效稳定运行。     

钛负载纳米Pd粒子电极的电化学催化性能研究

采用电化学沉积法将纳米钯粒子负载在钛板上,制备钛负载纳米钯粒子的NanoPd/Ti电极.利用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法对比研究NanoPd/Ti电极与Ti电极的电化学性能,以及分别对氯苯和硝基苯模拟废水电化学催化性能,表明NanoPd/Ti电极循环伏安过程出现新的氧化峰和还原峰,反应电位明显正移,反应过程峰电流也明显增大.通过降解实验,NanoPd/Ti电极可以在更低电压,更短时间内达到更好CODcr去除效果.     

蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶抑制剂DB75对人膀胱癌T24细胞的抑制作用

蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶1(PRMT1)是近年来新发现的一种表观遗传修饰酶,在膀胱癌等多种癌组织中过度表达,因此针对该靶点的新型表观抗肿瘤药物研究尤为重要.通过基于PRMT1药效团虚拟筛选模型筛查抑制PRMT1活性的小分子化合物,体外研究了靶向PRMT1的小分子化合物DB75对膀胱癌细胞的抗瘤活性及诱导细胞凋亡的分子机制.实验结果显示:通过筛选体系获得了能显著抑制PRMT1活性的小分子化合物DB75;MTT实验表明,DB75能够显著(P<0.05)地抑制膀胱癌T24细胞的增殖,且随着药物浓度的增加,抑制率呈明显的剂量效应,48 h半数抑制浓度IC50为2.2μmol/L;DAPI染色显示DB75能显著(P<0.05)诱导膀胱癌T24细胞凋亡;分子机制研究显示,DB75通过激活Caspase-3和PARP活性从而诱导T24细胞凋亡.以上结果初步表明DB75可作为一种新型的膀胱癌表观先导化合物.     

Kinetic analysis of anaerobic phosphorus release during biological phosphorus removal process

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is a commonly used and sustainable method for phosphorus removal from wastewater. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyphosphate, and glycogen are three kinds of intracellular storage polymers in phosphorus accumulation organisms. The variation of these polymers under different conditions has an apparent influence on anaerobic phosphorus release, which is very important for controlling the performance of EBPR. To obtain the mechanism and kinetic character of anaerobic phosphorus release, a series of batch experiments were performed using the excessively aerated sludge from the aerobic unit of the biological phosphorus removal system in this study. The results showed that the volatile suspended solid (VSS) had an increasing trend, while the mixed liquid suspended sludge (MLSS) and ashes were reduced during the anaerobic phosphorus release process. The interruption of anaerobic HAc-uptake and phosphorus-release occurs when the glycogen in the phosphorus-accumulating-organisms is exhausted. Under the condition of lower initial HAc-COD, HAc became the limiting factor after some time for anaerobic HAc uptake. Under the condition of higher initial HAc-COD, HAc uptake was stopped because of the depletion of glycogen in the microorganisms. The mean ratio of Δρ _P/Δρ _PHB, Δρ _GLY/Δρ _PHB, Δρ _P/ΔCOD, was 0.48, 0.50, 0.44, and 0.92, respectively, which was nearly the same as the theoretical value. The calibrated kinetic parameters of the HAc-uptake and phosphorus-release model were evaluated as follows: Q _HAc,max was 164 mg/(g · h), Q _P,max was 69.9 mg/(g · h), K _gly was 0.005, and KCOD was 3 mg/L. An apparently linear correlation was observed between the ratio of Δρ _P/ΔCOD and pH of the solution, and the equation between them was obtained in this study.     

白洋淀几种不同食性鱼类对六六六、DDT的富集

对白洋淀几种不同食性鱼体内六六六和ＤＤＴ残留量分析表明，草食性鱼体内农药残留量最少，六六六含量为５９．３μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为２９．６μｇ／ｋｇ；其次是杂食性鱼类，六六六含量为９０．４μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为１０８．５μｇ／ｋｇ；肉食性鱼体内农药残留量最高，六六六含量为１１０．７μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为１２４．４μｇ／ｋｇ。鱼体对ＤＤＴ的浓缩因子为３１１～１２４４，明显高于六六六的１７７～３６８。鱼体内ＢＨＣ４种异构体的残留顺序为δ＞α＞γ＞β，与其在水体中的比例α＞γ＞δ＞β略有不同。鱼体内ＤＤＴ主要以代谢物ｐ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＥ的形式存在，但个别样品中少量的ｐ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＤ及ｏ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＴ的检出，表明白洋淀水生生态系统最近受到ＤＤＴ的轻度污染。本项研果与１９７５～１９７７年检测结果进行比较；白洋淀鱼体内六六六残留量显著下降，下降率为１５．８％～７９．２％；ＤＤＴ残留量却明显增加（草食性鱼类除外），增加率约为４７．８％～９７．８％。     

中国淘汰滴滴涕的环境影响分析

目前中国仍在生产滴滴涕(DDT),并以其为原料生产三氯杀螨醇作为杀虫剂使用.为评价淘汰DDT对于中国生态环境的影响,采用情景分析的方法,估算了在采取不同的淘汰策略下土壤中DDT残留浓度的变化,以此来评价淘汰DDT的环境影响.与基线情景相比,三种控制情景下DDT的累积生产量都有不同程度的减少,相应土壤中的残留浓度也有不同的下降,且淘汰的速度越快土壤中DDT浓度下降的幅度越大.