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131.
132.
Several multicriteria evaluation techniques have been developed since the 1970s. The need to compare different territorial
policies has justified their introduction into environmental research. These methods are based on the numerical manipulation
of heterogeneous information, which varies in terms of reference scale and type of measure (continuous, ordinal, qualitative,
binary, etc.).
During recent years, diverse investigations have focused on general conditions on Salina, the “green island” of the Aeolian
archipelago. Such studies, within an interdisciplinary project, aimed to explore the possibility of implementing conservation
strategies that are compatible with human needs, landscape preservation, and sustainable economic development.
Three different evaluation techniques are applied, namely multicriteria weighted concordance and discordance analysis and
a qualitative procedure. They are used to compare four alternative plans for the socioeconomic development of Salina Island.
These plans lie between extreme alternatives: total protection of natural resources and maximizing economic development based
on tourism. The plans are compared to each other on the basis of 14 criteria that reflect the socioenvironmental perception
of Salina's inhabitants.
The approach used in this research seems particularly fruitful because of its flexibility: it offers decision makers the chance
to manage heterogeneous data and information that is not easily quantifiable. Such “soft” information helps to evaluate environmental
conditions more precisely, and to make a less damaging choice among alternative development plans. 相似文献
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B. Fullerton Dr R. C. Wilkinson Jeremy Howells Naima Chabbis M. F. Downing 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1986,29(2):98-100
URBANIZATION AND COMMUNITY BUILDING IN MODERN NORWAY
J. S. Tortenson, M. F. Metcalfe, T. F. Rasmussen
Urbana Press, Oslo 1985. 312 pp., figs and tables.
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY
R. Riddell
Gower, 1985. £18.50
REVIEW OF SERVICE INDUSTRIES: A GEOGRAPHICAL APPRAISAL
P. W. Daniels
Methuen, 1985. £27.50.
ARABIC‐ISLAMIC CITIES: BUILDING AND PLANNING PRINCIPLES
Besim Selim Hakim
KPI Ltd., London, 1986. pp. 192. £46 (h/b)
FIFTY YEARS OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Sheila Harvey and Stephen Rettig
The Landscape Press, 1985. £12.50
CAPABILITY BROWN AND THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY ENGLISH LANDSCAPE
Roger Turner
Weidenfeld & Nicholson. £16.95. 相似文献
138.
The reestablishment of autochthonous plant species is an essential strategy for recovering degraded areas under semiarid conditions. A field experiment was carried out to assess the short-term effect of two reafforestation methods involving mycorrhizal inoculation and compost addition on soil quality parameters and Rhamnus lycioides seedling growth. The nutrient content (NPK) and enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, acid phosphatase and beta-glucosidase) increased and bulk density decreased in the rhizosphere soil with the organic amendment. Biomass C of rhizosphere soil increased by at least 240% with respect to the control soil after mycorrhizal inoculation and the combination of compost addition + mycorrhizal inoculation. Both mycorrhizal inoculation and composted organic residue addition increased R. lycioides seedling growth in the same proportion. In the short term, we conclude that the application of both reafforestation methods not only enhances the establishment of R. lycioides seedlings, but also improves soil quality. 相似文献
139.
A kinetic-allometric approach to predicting tissue radionuclide concentrations for biota 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Allometry, or the biology of scaling, is the study of size and its consequences. It has become a useful tool for comparative physiology. There are several allometric equations that relate body size to many parameters, including ingestion rate, lifespan, inhalation rate, home range and more. While these equations were originally derived from empirical observations, there is a growing body of evidence that these relationships have their origins in the dynamics of energy transport mechanisms. As part of an ongoing effort by the Department of Energy in developing generic methods for evaluating radiation dose to biota, we have examined the utility of applying allometric techniques to predicting radionuclide tissue concentration across a large range of terrestrial and riparian species of animals. This particular study examined 23 radionuclides. Initial investigations suggest that the allometric approach can provide a useful tool to derive limiting values of uptake and elimination factors for animals. 相似文献
140.
/ Marginal aquatic systems (wetlands) of the Po River (Italy) have become the target of a renewed interest because of their value for recreation, natural reserves, and deposits of sand. To preserve these sites, wise management must be the objective of local administrations. In this paper a strategy for the sustainable use of 11 wetlands is presented. It uses simple economic analysis and multiple criteria techniques and provides suggestions to promote sustainability in terms of conservation of natural resources, economic self-sufficiency, and minimization of potential conflicts about the use of the wetlands. In the understanding that sustainability is framed in a long-term perspective, stability analysis is also considered and performed by means of loop analysis, a qualitative technique. Conditions for stability are then discussed about management opportunities. 相似文献