全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18332篇 |
免费 | 283篇 |
国内免费 | 321篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 630篇 |
废物处理 | 738篇 |
环保管理 | 2668篇 |
综合类 | 3651篇 |
基础理论 | 4532篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 4571篇 |
评价与监测 | 995篇 |
社会与环境 | 1016篇 |
灾害及防治 | 128篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 162篇 |
2021年 | 163篇 |
2020年 | 181篇 |
2019年 | 141篇 |
2018年 | 282篇 |
2017年 | 257篇 |
2016年 | 399篇 |
2015年 | 321篇 |
2014年 | 447篇 |
2013年 | 1438篇 |
2012年 | 604篇 |
2011年 | 882篇 |
2010年 | 667篇 |
2009年 | 762篇 |
2008年 | 828篇 |
2007年 | 872篇 |
2006年 | 716篇 |
2005年 | 606篇 |
2004年 | 622篇 |
2003年 | 573篇 |
2002年 | 542篇 |
2001年 | 643篇 |
2000年 | 518篇 |
1999年 | 316篇 |
1998年 | 220篇 |
1997年 | 231篇 |
1996年 | 222篇 |
1995年 | 313篇 |
1994年 | 250篇 |
1993年 | 243篇 |
1992年 | 205篇 |
1991年 | 204篇 |
1990年 | 205篇 |
1989年 | 201篇 |
1988年 | 181篇 |
1987年 | 158篇 |
1986年 | 174篇 |
1985年 | 156篇 |
1984年 | 201篇 |
1983年 | 160篇 |
1982年 | 180篇 |
1981年 | 160篇 |
1980年 | 131篇 |
1979年 | 153篇 |
1977年 | 99篇 |
1975年 | 96篇 |
1974年 | 97篇 |
1973年 | 96篇 |
1972年 | 97篇 |
1913年 | 107篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 120 毫秒
151.
Dr. Waldo Sepulveda Peter Nicolaidis Jean Hollingsworth Nicholas M. Fisk 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(2):193-197
The fetal gall bladder can now be easily identified during the second and third trimesters using high-resolution ultrasonography. In this report we present eight fetuses with an enlarged gall bladder detected on prenatal ultrasonography at a mean gestational age of 24.6 weeks (range 19–31 weeks). Additional ultrasonographic findings were present in four cases: fetal anomalies and intrauterine growth retardation in three and polyhydramnios in one. Of those cases associated with fetal anomalies, one woman underwent amniocentesis at 21 weeks revealing trisomy 18. The other two declined prenatal karyotyping; neonatal karyotyping revealed trisomy 13 in one and trisomy 18 in the other. Although an enlarged fetal gall bladder can be a normal variant in the second and third trimesters, the prenatal detection of cholecystomegaly should prompt a search for associated anomalies and other markers of aneuploidy. If found, prenatal karyotyping should be considered. 相似文献
152.
Dr Marianne Johansen Marian Knight Edward J. Maher Kim Smith Ian L. Sargent 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(10):921-931
Trophoblast deportation is known to occur in normal human pregnancy, but it is not yet clear whether these cells routinely enter the maternal peripheral circulation and are available as a source of fetal DNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. To resolve this issue requires an efficient method of enriching trophoblast from maternal blood combined with a means to confirm its identity. Five different techniques were tested on ten retroplacental blood samples to determine the most sensitive and operator-efficient method. Lysis of red cells alone gave the best recovery of trophoblast but had to be discounted, together with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, due to the very low purity and the excessive time required. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of pre-enriched trophoblast resulted in the lowest recovery rate (8 per cent) despite a 3250-fold enrichment and a very high purity. Immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with anti-CD 16 antibody proved to be the best method for the subsequent immunocytochemical characterization of deported trophoblast. However, IO beads coated with anti-CD45 antibody may be more useful for isolating trophoblast for prenatal diagnosis due to the high purity, enrichment (32-fold), and recovery rate (78 per cent) obtained with this method. 相似文献
153.
Trisomy 10 was detected at amniocentesis undertaken following observation of fetal nuchal oedema. This is the first report of fetal trisomy 10 in association with nuchal oedema. The physical features of fetal trisomy 10 are described. 相似文献
154.
As screening for Down syndrome becomes increasingly sophisticated, it is important to evaluate the newer technologies in terms of their cost-effectiveness. One recent addition to Down syndrome screening programmes is maternal serum unconjugated oestriol (uE3), especially when used in conjunction with maternal serum α-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin. Using assumptions used in a California proposal to justify an expanded screening programme for Down syndrome, we calculated both the average and the incremental cost-effectiveness of adding uE3. Using the base case assumptions, including an $8 fee for the uE3, the incremental cost-effectiveness of adding uE3 to the proposed California programme is $119 100 per case detected, a value that compares favourably with other Down syndrome screening programmes. The sensitivity analysis supports this conclusion over a wide range of assumptions. However, because of the uncertainty with some key data, it is still too early to fully support the inclusion of uE3 in Down syndrome screening programmes. 相似文献
155.
Dr. R. J. A. Wanders R. B. H. Schutgens H. van den Bosch J. M. Tager W. J. Kleijer 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(4):253-261
In recent years, an increasing number of inherited diseases in man have been recognized in which there is an impairment in the peroxisomal β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids. In general, these disorders are associated with severe neurological and physical abnormalities and death within the first years of life. In this paper we describe our experience with regard to the prenatal diagnosis of a number of different inborn errors of peroxisomal β-oxidation. Eleven pregnancies at risk were monitored by measuring very-long-chain fatty acid levels as well as very-long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation in cultured chorionic villous fibroblasts and/or amniotic fluid cells. Five affected fetuses were identified. It is concluded that prenatal diagnosis in this group of diseases can be done reliably using cultured chorionic villous fibroblasts or amniotic fluid cells. 相似文献
156.
Dr. Michael J. McCormack Margaret E. Rylance William E. Mackenzie John Newton 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(4):253-255
The attitudes of 190 patients who had undergone chorionic villus sampling (CVS) were assessed by means of a questionnaire. One hundred and fifty-two patients replied of whom 68 (45 per cent) were referred because of increased maternal age and in the other 84 cases the indications included previous chromosomal abnormalities, fetal sexing, DNA analysis, and biochemical analysis. One hundred and twenty-two patients had a transcervical procedure, 24 had a transabdominal, and six patients required both procedures. One hundred and forty-one patients (93 per cent) reported CVS to be a satisfactory procedure, and the same percentage thought earlier diagnosis was beneficial. Thirty-nine patients (81 per cent) reported a better experience with CVS than with a previous amniocentesis. A majority of patients (93 per cent) wished a CVS in a future pregnancy and 137 patients (97 per cent) would accept a risk of miscarriage from the procedure of twice that quoted for amniocentesis (1 per cent). 相似文献
157.
Ellen Sidransky Susan H. Black Dawn M. Soenksen Shirley L. Jones Andrew D. Dorfmann Joseph D. Schulman MD 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(9):583-586
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) with either transcervical catheters or transabdominal needles is a widely-accepted method for prenatal diagnosis. However, there exists a small subset of patients in whom sampling is difficult or impossible with either route because of individual anatomic variations. A new method of chorionic villus biopsy has been developed to circumvent these problems, utilizing transvaginal chorionic needle aspiration guided by an intravaginal ultrasound probe. This technique was performed successfully in 15 patients in whom villi could not be obtained by either of the conventional methods. This method now makes CVS possible in essentially all women regardless of their uterine anatomy or placental placement; it may also prove useful for very early chorionic sampling. 相似文献
158.
Trisomy 12 mosaicism was found in about 15 per cent of cultured amniocytes obtained from a 32-year-old white female at 17·6 weeks of gestation. Termination of pregnancy was elected and multiple tissues were obtained for chromosome analysis. Of 158 cells examined, only 1 cell in placenta was found with an extra number 12 chromosome. Pathological examination of the fetus did not reveal significant physical abnormalities. This report illustrates the difficulty of confirming trisomy 12 mosaicism which has been detected on prenatal diagnosis. The presence of trisomy 12 in one placental cell obtained from the curettage specimen suggests the possibility of confined placental mosaicism in this case. 相似文献
159.
Dr Alan E. Donnenfeld Larry R. Glazerman Denise M. Cutillo Ronald J. Librizzi Stuart Weiner 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(5):301-308
Selective termination by intracardiac potassium chloride injection was performed in twins discordant for hydrocephaly at 20 weeks' gestation. Because of the potential for vascular anastomoses to exist between the twins, fetal angiography was performed prior to the selective termination procedure. Determination of vascular connections between the fetuses was hindered by fetal bradycardia following intracardiac administration of contrast material. Selective termination was performed without difficulty using intracardiac potassium chloride (KCl) to produce asystole in the twin with hydrocephaly. The unaffected fetus appeared active and had a normal heart rate during and immediately after the procedure. However, both twins were found to have died the following day. Pathologic examination documented several vascular anastomoses between the monochorionic, diamniotic fetuses. A likely cause of death was exsanguination of the normal twin into the abnormal one. This case illustrates the difficulties encountered in selective termination of monozygotic twins and, to our knowledge, represents the first reported use of intrauterine fetal angiography. 相似文献
160.
Dr. C. Dawn DeLozier-Blanchet Eric Engel Philippe Extermann Béatrice Pastori 《黑龙江环境通报》1988,8(4):281-286
Cytogenetic study of chorionic villi sampled because of advanced maternal age revealed, after overnight culture, an apparently non-mosaic trisomy 7. Amniocentesis showed exclusively normal mitoses, and the pregnancy continued normally. One hundred mitoses from cord blood of the normal newborn revealed a non-mosaic 46,XX complement. No cells with a proven trisomy 7 were found in cultures from either of two biopsies of the morphologically normal placenta, but the peripheral biopsy showed in multiple cultures an abnormal clone: 47,XX, + 20,-2,-21, + t(2;21)(p13;q22). To our knowledge, this is the first case of non-mosaic trisomy 7 detected on CVS which has had follow-up studies of amniotic fluid, cord blood, and term placenta. 相似文献