综采放顶煤工艺安全问题及其防治

综采放顶煤是一种高产、高效的采煤工艺，通过对煤矿现场的调研及有关资料的研究，对其所伴随的自燃发火、瓦斯和粉尘等的危害问题及其相应的防治措施进行了系统的分析与总结，可作现场安全技术管理工作的参考     

Maintenance of familiarity and social bonding via communal latrine use in a solitary primate (Lepilemur leucopus)

Latrine use (i.e., the repeated use of specific defecation/urination sites) has been described for several mammals, including carnivores, ungulates, and primates. However, the functional significance of latrine use in primates has not been studied systematically yet. We, therefore, followed 14 radio-collared individuals of the pair-living white-footed sportive lemur (Lepilemur leucopus) for 1097 hours of continuous focal observations to investigate latrine distribution, seasonality of latrine use, as well as age and sex of users to test various hypotheses related to possible functions of latrine use, including territory demarcation, resource defense, signaling of reproductive state, social bonding, and mate defense. All individuals of a social unit exhibited communal use of latrines located in the core area of their territory, supporting the social boding hypothesis. Latrine use seems to facilitate familiarity and social bonding within social units via olfactory communication in this primate that lives in family units but exhibits low levels of spatial cohesion and direct social interactions. In addition, frequency of latrine visitation was higher during nights of perceived intruder pressure, supporting the mate defense hypothesis. However, animals did not react to experimentally introduced feces from neighboring or strange social units, indicating that urine may be the more important component of latrines than feces in this arboreal species. Based on a survey of latrine use and function in other mammals, we conclude that latrines facilitate communication particularly in nocturnal species with limited habitat visibility and in species where individuals are not permanently cohesive because they constitute predictable areas for information exchange.     

Prenatal analyses in a pregnancy at risk for β-mannosidosis

Prenatal analyses were performed in the pregnancy of the mother of a patient with β-mannosidase deficiency. Partial deficiency of β-mannosidase activity in the chorionic villi indicated a heterozygous fetus and this first-trimester diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by amniocentesis.     

Salinity effects on glucose uptake and catabolism in the obligately psychrophilic marine bacterium Vibrio marinus

Studies on the effects of various salinities on the uptake and catabolism of glucose in Vibrio marinus MP-1 revealed several significant shifts in total uptake and respiration as the cells were subjected to increasingly greater concentrations of NaCl. As the salinity increased from 0.30 to 1.0 M NaCl, there was a decrease in the C₆/C₁ (CO₂) ratio. The resulting patterns suggests that the relative participation of the hexose monophosphate pathway in glucose catabolism was altered. This pathway is apparently shut down in the region of the minimum-growth salinity, and may be related to growth limitation at rower salinities. The shift in C₆/C₁ ratio was not affected by changing the incubation temperature, nor was it dependent specifically on the presence of Na⁺ or Cl^-. As the salinity increased from 0.15 to 0.30 M NaCl, there was a shift in the total uptake patterns which suggests the formation and loss of metabolic by-products derived from the first, second, sixth, and presumably fifth carbons of glucose.This paper was taken in part from a dissertation by the senior author, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Ph.D. degree, Oregon State University, Corvallis. Published as technical paper No. 3647, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.