基于GIS广西酸雨区域分布及变化特征分析

利用广西13个酸雨监测站2005—2009年监测资料,结合GIS空间分析功能,探索了广西酸雨的空间分布特征和变化规律,旨在为当地酸雨研究、预防预测和综合治理提供客观科学的理论依据。结果表明:广西酸雨主要分布在中北部地区,酸雨带呈西北-东南走向。酸雨强度最大的城市为河池、来宾和贺州,其降水平均pH值<4.8,酸雨出现频率最高的城市为河池,其发生频率>70%;酸雨强度最弱,出现频率最低的城市为北海和钦州,其降水平均pH值>6.0,发生频率<2%。     

Effects of UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 advanced oxidation on unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina: Implications for removal of invasive species from ballast water

The UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 process was investigated for ballast water treatment using Dunaliella salina as an indicator. Inactivation curves were obtained, and the toxicity of e uent was determined. Compared with individual unit processes using ozone or UV/Ag-TiO2, the inactivation e ciency of D. salina by the combined UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 process was enhanced. The presence of ozone caused an immediate decrease in chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentration. Inactivation e ciency and chl-a removal e ciency were positively correlated with ozone dose and ultraviolet intensity. The initial total residual oxidant (TRO) concentration of e uent increased with increasing ozone dose, and persistence of TRO resulted in an extended period of toxicity. The results suggest that UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 has potential for ballast water treatment.     

由博帕尔事故分析石化企业工艺安全管理

介绍了印度博帕尔农药厂异氰酸甲酯泄漏事故概况及其原因,并从工艺安全角度分析了事故教训,提出加强石化企业工艺安全管理的措施。     

基于可拓综合评价模型的隧道塌方概率计算方法

塌方是隧道施工过程中最常见的事故。在研究塌方发生的孕险环境及致险因子特征的基础上,选取岩石坚硬程度、岩石完整性、地下水流量、隧道埋深、隧道偏压、施工效果6个评价指标,依据可拓学理论,建立了隧道塌方评价的物元模型,采用层次分析法确定了各评价指标的权重,并通过实际的隧道塌方概率等级关联度计算,对京台线杉溪隧道塌方进行了评价。评价结果表明:左洞掌子面ZK27+445处隧道塌方概率为很可能(j0=4),与现场实际情况相符合。该评价方法能有效计算出隧道塌方发生的概率等级,是一种实用的计算方法,对塌方的预测具有一定的指导意义,也为今后隧道塌方评估提供了一条新的思路。     

浮顶储罐二次密封卡阻问题的改造技术

原油储罐是原油储存、周转过程中的重要设备设施,储油罐的完好无疑是原油库正常运行的关键。但随着运行时间的增加,一些早期建设的储油罐暴露出了很多的问题,如罐体变形、浮盘变形、罐基础不均匀沉降,等等。本文针对浮盘和罐体变形造成二次密封失效后如何不退出运行进行改造提出了相应的解决方法。     

Optimizing the configuration of a clearwell by integrating pilot and full-scale tracer testing

In this paper, the main factors impacting the plug flow pattern of a clearwell were investigated by integrating pilot-scale, full-scale clearwell tracer testing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It was found that pilot tracer testing, full-scale tracer testing and CFD simulation all demonstrated that the correlation between the ratio of t ₁₀/T and L/W can be approximately expressed by: t ₁₀/T = 0.189 4ln(L/W)-0.049 4. This study confirmed that the installation of baffles within clearwells is an efficient way to optimize their configuration. In addition, the inlet velocity has a minimal contribution to the ratio of t ₁₀/T. However, the ratio of turning channel width to channel width (d/W) significantly contributes to the ratio of t ₁₀/T. The optimal ratio of d/W is 0.8–1.2 for maintaining better plug flow pattern. The number of turning channels is one of the main factors that impact the ratio of t ₁₀/T. When increasing the number of turning channels, a lower ratio of t ₁₀/T is obtained.     

感温光纤光栅传感器用其在原油储罐中的应用

详细论述了光纤布拉格光栅的传感机制和光纤光栅温度传感及其感温火灾报警工作原理,以及感温光纤光栅报警器在油库原油储罐消防报警中的应用.     

循环经济的出发点——以日本水循环经济为例

随着党的十七大的胜利召开,生态经济与科学发展观的和谐统一更加深入人心。中国经济正在全面进入新一轮的转轨时期,即由经济增长追求型向可持续发展性经济迈进,可持续发展和循环经济的建设成为一个时代主题。日本是建设循环经济的先进国家,而其循环经济建设由水环境保护开始。循环经济倡导一种基于不断循环利用资源的发展模式。日本经济发展模式在发展过程中从“经济优先”走向“环境优先”,进而成为日本循环经济建设的出发点,对中国有很强的借鉴作用。     

亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化组合工艺生物脱氮评介

本文阐述了亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化两种工艺的生物脱氮原理及研究现状，对亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化脱氮工艺和传统生物脱氮工艺从适用条件、曝气量、反应器容积、污泥产量等角度进行了分析和比较，为后续生物脱氮工艺的研究和选择提供借鉴，并展望了生物脱氮技术的发展方向和研究重点。