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541.
542.
沸石曝气生物滤池去除氨氮性能及生物学特征分析 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
天然沸石具有较大的孔隙率和比表面积,对氨氮有较强的选择性离子交换能力。运用天然沸石曝气生物滤池处理城市污水厂二级生化出水,结果表明,曝气生物滤池有良好的去除效果。在气水比为3:1,水力负荷为1m/h,温度>20℃情况下,沸石曝气生物滤池对城市污水厂二级生化出水COD去除率为12.7%,NH3-N去除率为96.6%;试验系统沿程微生物活性和微生物量呈现逐渐下降趋势,而单位生物量的生物活性沿程分布则与此相反;曝气生物滤池对水中污染物的去除主要集中在底部进水端部分,当水流达到距进水端上方105cm时,曝气生物滤池对水中NH3-N的去除率已达86.8%(占氨氮总去除率的90%),COD的去除率为13.3%(占COD总去除率的67%)。 相似文献
543.
饮食业油烟净化技术与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,饮食业油烟污染已成为城市大气污染的主要来源之一。比较分析了目前国内使用的几类油烟净化设备的性能及应用现状,提出不同规模的饮食业单位应选择的油烟净化技术。通过比较发现,静电油烟净化技术和静电复合式油烟净化技术是目前国内油烟净化技术的主流,并提出等离子体技术、催化燃烧技术是今后油烟净化的发展趋势。 相似文献
544.
氯代二恶英微生物降解性的初步探讨 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本研究通过分离和筛选,从氯苯生产车间附近土壤和施用五氯酚除草剂的湖泊底泥中选出八支菌株,均能降解一氯代二恶英,3周内最多可降解45%,但随氯取代数的增加而降解能力减弱,多数菌株不能降解三氯代二恶英,选择邻二氯苯为共代谢物的初级营养物,41号株3周内可降解33%三氯代苯基二恶英,说明选择适当的共代谢物,可改善微生物对高氯代二恶英的降解性。 相似文献
545.
对建筑结构设计施工中雪荷载的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了提高建筑结构的防灾能力,针对我国08年南方冰雪灾害55起的工程事故,本文探讨了建筑结构设计雪荷载的取值问题,分析了屋面高差、屋顶坡度、屋面形状、局部风速对雪荷载的影响机理,提出了建筑结构雪荷载设计方法,通过加强施工监管,预防、降低冰雪灾害工程事故的发生,为建筑结构雪荷载设计与施工提供指导。 相似文献
546.
547.
分析了日本某炼油厂一起减压渣油罐火灾事故,讨论了应如何深入进行事故调查分析. 相似文献
548.
Lingmin Sun Junshu Wu Jinshu Wang Gong Yu Jingchao Liu Yucheng Du Yongli Li Hongyi Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(5):92-104
Highly efficient and sustainable conversion technologies to generate uniform sodalite(Na_8(AlSiO_4)_6(OH)_2) zeolite micro spheres with low-grade waste natural diatomite as raw materials via a solution-mediated crystallization route were developed in the present study.The synthesis process can be considered as an in-situ zeolitization of diatomite precursor without involving any me so scale template and any post-synthetic modification.The mass ratios of diatomite and AlCl_3·6 H_2 O have remarkable effect on the morphology,crystal structure and porosity of sodalite zeolite product.The preferred sodalite microspheres with uniform mesoporous of size 3.5-5.5 nm and large surface area of 162.5 m2/g exhibit well removal performance for heavy metal ions(Pb(II),Cd(II),Zn(II),and Cu(II)),with the highest adsorption abilities for Pb(II) ions of 365 mg/g.In addition,the effect of contact time,initial ion concentration,competitive adsorption and solution pH were evaluated.The removal performance results from synergistic effects of dominating cation-exchange and additional surface chemisorption.The study may broadly help unveil chemical control reactions of the zeolitization processes of diatomite,and thus facilitates the development of promising zeolite materials for the use in natural and engineered aquatic environments by recvcling waste diatomite resources. 相似文献
549.
Xinmin Zhang Di Wang Yan Liu Yufan Cui Zhigang Xue Zhifeng Gao Jinhong Du 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(9):183-189
Coking industry is an important volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission source in China, however, detailed information on VOCs emissions is lacking. Therefore, we selected a typical mechanized coking plant and collected air samples according to the Emission Standard of Pollutants for Coking Chemical Industry (GB16171-2012). Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method, we analyzed the VOCs in the air samples, and applied maximum increment reactivity (MIR) rule to estimate ozone formation potential (OFP) of the VOCs emitted from the coke production. More than 90 VOCs species were detected from the coking plant, including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygenated VOCs. The concentrations of VOCs (ρ(VOCs)) generated at different stages of the coking process are significantly different. ρ(VOCs) from coke oven chimney had the highest concentration (87.1 mg/m3), followed by coke pushing (4.0 mg/m3), coal charging (3.3 mg/m3) and coke oven tops (1.1 mg/m3). VOCs species emitted from the coke production processes were dominated by alkanes and alkenes, but the composition proportions were different at the different stages. Alkenes were the most abundant emission species in flue gases of the coke oven chimney accounting for up to 66% of the total VOCs, while the VOCs emissions from coke pushing and coal charging were dominated by alkanes (36% and 42%, respectively), and the alkanes and alkenes emitted from coke oven top were similar (31% and 29%, respectively). Based on above results, reduction of VOCs emissions from coke oven chimney flue gases is suggested to be an effective measure, especially for alkenes. 相似文献
550.
Cheng Zhang Jun Wang Lusheng Zhu Zhongkun Du Jinhua Wang Xi Sun Tongtong Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(5):249-259
The toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate([C_8mim]NO_3) on the microbial populations(bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes), soil enzyme(urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase)activities, microbial community diversity using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism(T-RFLP), and abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase(amoA) genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR) in brown soil at each trial with doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0,and 10.0 mg/kg on days 10, 20, 30, and 40. The contents of [C_8mim]NO_3 in soil were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with recoveries of 84.3% to 85.2%, and changed less than 10% during the experimental period. A significant decrease was observed from the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations at 10.0 mg/kg, at which the urease activity was inhibited and the β-glucosidase activity was stimulated on days 20, 30, and 40. In addition, [C_8mim]NO_3 inhibited the dehydrogenase activity at 10 mg/kg on days 30 and 40 and the acid phosphatase activity on day 20. The diversity of the soil microbial community and the gene abundance of AOA-and AOB-amo A were also inhibited. Furthermore, the present investigation provided more scientific information for the toxicity evaluation of ILs in soil. 相似文献