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141.
Carubelli G Fanelli R Mariani G Nichetti S Crosa G Calamari D Fattore E 《Chemosphere》2007,68(9):1630-1635
Food consumption is by far the main exposure route for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for the general population, and fish and fishery products seem to be the main contributors to the total dietary intake of these pollutants. In recent years some investigations have suggested that farmed fish may be more significantly contaminated than wild fish, because of polluted feed. This study measured the levels of PCBs in wild and farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), one of the most valuable and popular fish in the Italian diet, and assessed the exposure to these pollutants through fish intake. Concentrations of summation operator (Sigma59PCBs) and dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs), as toxic equivalency (TEQ), in fish samples, ranged from 2.2 to 32ngg(-1) and from 0.1 to 4.0pg TEQ((2006) DL-PCBs)g(-1) whole weight, respectively. Farmed sea bass were as average two times more contaminated. Even if the concentrations of DL-PCBs were below the regulation limits, intake of these compounds from nine fish meals per month can in itself exceed the WHO Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake (PTMI). 相似文献
142.
Calzoni GL Antognoni F Pari E Fonti P Gnes A Speranza A 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,149(2):239-245
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the quality of a rural area near Faenza (Italy) by using an active biomonitoring approach, i.e., by placing homogeneous individuals of the perennial shrub Rosa rugosa in different sites throughout the area. Further sites, within the city or its environs, were used for comparison. Soil and leaves of R. rugosa were analyzed for their heavy metal content. The total heavy metal pattern of leaves closely paralleled the pattern registered in soil, with the highest content (both in total and assimilable forms) at the site in the urban area, which is exposed to heavy traffic. Pollen quality (abortiveness and viability) was also tested as a potential indicator of pollution. Pollen abortiveness was strictly related to Pb levels in leaves, while viability was inversely related to leaf Cr content. Our results suggest that R. rugosa has the potential to be a good biomonitoring system. 相似文献
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147.
Collina E Bestetti G Di Gennaro P Franzetti A Gugliersi F Lasagni M Pitea D 《Environment international》2005,31(2):167-171
The research was focused on the slurry-phase biodegradation of naphthalene in soil. Among ex situ techniques, the slurry phase offers the advantage of increased availability of contaminants to bacteria. From naphthalene contaminated soil, a Pseudomonas putida M8 strain capable to degrade naphthalene was selected. Experiments were performed in a stirred and oxygenated reactor. In this study, the influence of air flow rate and agitation rate on volatilisation and biodegradation of naphthalene was investigated. The hydrocarbon disappearance, the carbon dioxide production, and the ratio of total heterotrophic and naphthalene-degrading bacteria was monitored. The results obtained confirm that the selected bioremediation technology is successful in the treatment of contaminated soils. 相似文献
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149.
Elena A. Zakharova Paul V. Kosterin Vitaly V. Brudnik Alexander A. Shcherbakov Alexander A. Ponomaryov Lubov F. Shcherbakova Vladimir G. Mandich Eugenii E. Fedorov Vladimir V. Ignatov 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2000,7(4):191-194
A plant-based bioremediation (phytoremediation) strategy has been developed and shown to be effective for the clean-up of
soil contaminated by the breakdown products of the chemical warfare agent (CWA), yperite. The method involves exploiting the
plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), to intensify the phytoremediation. For determination of the yperite breakdown
products, gas chromatography is used.
Soil and plant samples were analysed with a gas chromatograph fitted with an atomic emission detector. The method of standard-free
determination was employed to identify sulphur-containing substances (SCSs). A series of soil tests was conducted, which showed
that the level of SCSs decreased 4, 8, and more than 20-fold compared with that found in contaminated soil. This decrease
was dependent upon the IAA concentrations used for plant treatment. The treated plants accumulated 2.7 to 2.9-fold larger
amounts of the SCSs than did the untreated plants. Owing to its simplicity, environmental safety and inexpensiveness, the
method can be recommended for the restoration of soil fertility in areas of storage and destruction of blister CWAs. 相似文献
150.
Ilie S. Racotta Elena Palacios Ana M. Ibarra José Luis Ramírez Fabiola Arcos Olivia Arjona 《Marine Biology》2008,153(6):1245-1256
Induction of triploidy in aquatic organisms has increased worldwide in the last two decades, mostly because triploids have
better growth than diploids. According to a physiological hypothesis, partial or total sterility of triploids allows the accumulation
of reserves in muscle and other tissues instead of being transferred to the gonad. The present study analyzes lipid, protein,
carbohydrate, and fatty acid levels in muscle and gonads of Nodipecten subnodosus triploids and diploids over 18 months from June 2001 to December 2002. An important increase in gonadosomatic index of diploids
scallops was observed from May to June 2002 reaching the highest values in August. Such increase was not observed in triploid
scallops. Changes in biochemical composition in female gonad were in general related to the accumulation of reserves during
gonad development of diploid scallops. This accumulation was lower for triploid scallops, in accordance to their sterility,
especially for carbohydrates and acylglycerides. Adductor muscle index as well as protein and carbohydrate levels in muscle
increased in both ploidy groups during the reproductive period indicating no mobilization of reserves to sustain gonad development
in both ploidy groups. These results partially support the physiological hypothesis on the advantage of triploids: in a rich
food locality no mobilization of reserves is needed to sustain gametogenesis. This, together with a possible lower efficiency
of energy assimilation at high food concentration for triploids, may be the reason for an apparent lack of superiority of
N. subnodosus triploids in terms of adductor muscle growth. Only the levels of particular highly unsaturated fatty acids levels (namely
20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3) in muscle of diploid and triploid decreased during the reproductive period, indicating a possible transfer of selected
fatty acids to gonads, even in triploids. The muscle of triploids has a slightly but significantly higher proportion of 22:6n-3 compared to diploids, which can have implications for the nutritional and commercial value of triploid adductor muscle. 相似文献