排序方式: 共有17条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Eliza Bradley Ira Leifer Dar Roberts 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(38):4973-4981
Hourly total hydrocarbon (THC) data, spanning 1990–2008 from a California air pollution station located near the Coal Oil Point (COP) seep field, were analyzed and clearly showed geologic CH4 emissions as the dominant local source. Annual COP emissions are conservatively estimated as 0.015 Tg CH4 year?1 and represent a natural and concentrated geologic methane source (24 m3 m?2 day?1 gas flux at some active seeps, Clark et al., 2010). For a sense of the scale and potential importance to the regional Southern California methane budget, COP emits an amount equivalent to 8% of the estimated Los Angeles County anthropogenic emissions. Station THC measurements near COP showed a strong wind dependency with elevated levels closely correlated with a sonar-derived spatial distribution of seep field emissions. THC varied seasonally, with a maximum in January and minimum in July and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.24 ppm. The seasonal signal was more readily apparent midday (R2 = 0.69 harmonic fit), compared to nighttime and morning (R2 < 0.45). The bimodal diel THC pattern consisted of seasonally-modulated peaks in the morning and evening.THC temporal and spatial trends were consistent with both transport and source emission variations. Long-term, annual seep field emissions consistently decreased on a field-wide basis until the late 1990s, before increasing consistently, most likely as a function of underlying geologic processes. This study demonstrates the value of municipal air quality monitoring stations for insight into local greenhouse gas sources and highlights the non-negligible and variable contribution from marine geologic seepage. 相似文献
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Hasselquist Eliza Maher Mancheva Irina Eckerberg Katarina Laudon Hjalmar 《Ambio》2020,49(7):1341-1351
Ambio - Improving water quality has become an important environmental issue, spurred in part by the Water Framework Directive. However, the relationship of policy change with forest water... 相似文献
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Predicting Satisfaction with Smart Irrigation Controllers and Their Long‐Term Use among Homeowners in Central Florida 下载免费PDF全文
Maria C. Morera Paul F. Monaghan Michael D. Dukes Eliza Breder 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(4):929-943
Studies throughout Florida have shown smart controllers can substantially reduce irrigation under residential high‐water use conditions. However, successful promotion requires understanding the link between controller performance and the mechanisms by which they are adopted. This article compares irrigation water‐use and survey data collected from households installed with soil moisture sensor and evapotranspiration controllers. The study investigated whether the relative change in irrigation use between two years preceding and two years following installation was a reliable predictor of a homeowner's satisfaction with the device and likelihood of continuing to use it. Results indicated relative changes in irrigation use were only significantly associated with the quality of controller programming. Satisfaction with the controller was largely attributable to satisfaction with the appearance of the landscape and the perceived water‐saving effectiveness of the controller whereas the likelihood of its continued use was only significantly predicted by the level of technical knowledge regarding its functioning and whether or not challenges were experienced with it. Targeting homeowners with supplemental user‐friendly information may best support their long‐term adoption of smart controllers while providing irrigation contractors with training in implementation techniques would represent an integrated strategy for added reductions in residential outdoor water use. 相似文献
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Eliza Kluckow Jane Halliday Alice Poulton Anthea Lindquist Briohny Hutchinson Michael Bethune Leonard Bonacquisto Fabricio Da Silva Costa Lucy Gugasyan James Harraway Amanda Howden Abhijit Kulkarni Nicole Martin Richard McCoy Melody Menezes Debbie Nisbet Ricardo Palma-Dias Mark D. Pertile Zeffie Poulakis Lisa Hui 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(13):1254-1261
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Eliza Maher Hasselquist William Lidberg Ryan A. Sponseller Anneli Ågren Hjalmar Laudon 《Ambio》2018,47(5):546-556
Drainage of forested wetlands for increased timber production has profoundly altered the hydrology and water quality of their downstream waterways. Some ditches need network maintenance (DNM), but potential positive effects on tree productivity must be balanced against environmental impacts. Currently, no clear guidelines exist for DNM that strike this balance. Our study helps begin to prioritise DNM by: (1) quantifying ditches by soil type in the 68 km2 Krycklan Catchment Study in northern Sweden and (2) using upslope catchment area algorithms on new high-resolution digital elevation models to determine their likelihood to drain water. Ditches nearly doubled the size of the stream network (178–327 km) and 17% of ditches occurred on well-draining sedimentary soils, presumably making DNM unwarranted. Modelling results suggest that 25–50% of ditches may never support flow. With new laser scanning technology, simple mapping and modelling methods can locate ditches and model their function, facilitating efforts to balance DNM with environmental impacts. 相似文献
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Joshua S. Stoll Eliza J. Oldach Taylor Witkin Kathleen Reardon David C. Love Patricia Pinto da Silva 《Ambio》2022,51(4):926
Climate change, overfishing, and other anthropogenic drivers are forcing marine resource users and decision makers to adapt—often rapidly. In this article we introduce the concept of pathways to rapid adaptation to crisis events to bring attention to the double-edged role that institutions play in simultaneously enabling and constraining swift responses to emerging crises. To develop this concept, we draw on empirical evidence from a case study of the iconic Maine lobster (Homarus americanus) industry. In the Gulf of Maine, the availability of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) stock, a key source of bait in the Maine lobster industry, declined sharply. We investigate the patterns of bait use in the fishery over an 18-year period (2002–2019) and how the lobster industry was able to abruptly adapt to the decline of locally-sourced herring in 2019 that came to be called the bait crisis. We found that adaptation strategies to the crisis were diverse, largely uncoordinated, and imperfectly aligned, but ultimately led to a system-level shift towards a more diverse and globalized bait supply. This shift was enabled by existing institutions and hastened an evolution in the bait system that was already underway, as opposed to leading to system transformation. We suggest that further attention to raceways may be useful in understanding how and, in particular, why marine resource users and coastal communities adapt in particular ways in the face of shocks and crises.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01617-8. 相似文献
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Ruiz-Pérez M Almeida M Dewi S Costa EM Pantoja MC Puntodewo A de Postigo AA de Andrade AG 《Ambio》2005,34(3):218-223
Extractive reserves constitute an innovative approach to match conservation and development objectives, which were originally envisaged as part of a land struggle by forest dwellers in Brazil. In spite of the idea's popularity and the attempts to apply the concept to different tropical regions, there has been little analysis of the combined conservation and development performance of extractive reserve programs. We present a detailed analysis of deforestation and demographic and socioeconomic changes in Alto Juruá, the first extractive reserve created in Brazil in 1990. Forest cover has remained fairly stable. Population has declined slightly, with some internal displacements. The cash economy base has shifted from the original rubber production to a diversified portfolio of agriculture and livestock, and there has been a dramatic rise in nonagrarian income. We conclude that the Reserve represents a very dynamic setting with positive conservation and development outcomes during its first decade. 相似文献
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Elżbieta Łastowiecka-Moras Eliza Kozyra-Pydyś 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2016,22(4):494-500
The aim of the study was to determine the cardiovascular response to continuous (4 °C for 60 min) and intermittent (10 min at 4?°C and 10 min at room temperature alternately) exposure to the cold in 30 healthy young men. The subjects were equipped with a set of identical clothing (insulation 2.1 clo) and during the stay in the chamber and outside performed the same activities, i.e., walking on a treadmill at a speed of 0.5?km/h. The tests included assessing the central circulatory system using the Holter system and assessing the peripheral circulatory system using impedance plethysmography and Doppler ultrasound. The analysis of the parameters that describe the central and peripheral circulation poses a difficulty in determining which variant of exposure constitutes a greater load on the circulatory system. It should be noted that even the conditions used in the study may cause adverse effects in the cardiovascular system. 相似文献
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