全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6219篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
国内免费 | 32篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 138篇 |
废物处理 | 277篇 |
环保管理 | 465篇 |
综合类 | 995篇 |
基础理论 | 1536篇 |
环境理论 | 6篇 |
污染及防治 | 2021篇 |
评价与监测 | 478篇 |
社会与环境 | 368篇 |
灾害及防治 | 20篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 65篇 |
2022年 | 152篇 |
2021年 | 173篇 |
2020年 | 81篇 |
2019年 | 99篇 |
2018年 | 253篇 |
2017年 | 263篇 |
2016年 | 334篇 |
2015年 | 222篇 |
2014年 | 325篇 |
2013年 | 479篇 |
2012年 | 356篇 |
2011年 | 418篇 |
2010年 | 271篇 |
2009年 | 241篇 |
2008年 | 375篇 |
2007年 | 344篇 |
2006年 | 283篇 |
2005年 | 221篇 |
2004年 | 205篇 |
2003年 | 166篇 |
2002年 | 138篇 |
2001年 | 94篇 |
2000年 | 53篇 |
1999年 | 52篇 |
1998年 | 27篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1972年 | 11篇 |
1966年 | 19篇 |
1965年 | 12篇 |
1964年 | 11篇 |
1956年 | 11篇 |
1954年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有6304条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
471.
M. S. Christin L. Ménard I. Giroux D. J. Marcogliese S. Ruby D. Cyr M. Fournier P. Brousseau 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(2):601-611
There is evidence that over the last 30 years, there have been mass declines in diverse geographic locations among amphibian populations due to disease outbreaks. Multiple causes have been suggested to explain this increase in disease incidence. Among these, climate changes, environmental pollution and reduced water quality are gaining attention. Indeed, some chemicals of environmental concerns are known to alter the immune system. It is possible that exposure to these pollutants could alter the immune system of anurans and render them more susceptible to different pathogens. In this study, we sampled Rana pipiens in five different sites near St. Lawrence River (Quebec, Canada) during the months of July and September in 2001. Two of these sites were protected areas, in which low levels of pesticides were detected, while the remaining three sites were located in areas with intensive corn and soybeans cultivations. Our results demonstrated that frogs living in agricultural regions are smaller in size and weight than frogs living in areas with lower levels of pesticides at both sampling times. Moreover, we have observed a significant decrease in the number of splenocytes (cellularity) and the phagocytic activity in frogs sampled in impacted sites. Taken together, these results suggest that frogs living in agricultural regions might be more vulnerable to infections and diseases through their smaller size and alteration of their immune system. Our results also contribute to the overall discussion on factors involved in amphibian declines. 相似文献
472.
Paula Paíga Lúcia H. M. L. M. Santos Célia G. Amorim Alberto N. Araújo M. Conceição B. S. M. Montenegro Angelina Pena Cristina Delerue-Matos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(4):2410-2420
Ibuprofen is amongst the most worldwide consumed pharmaceuticals. The present work presents the first data in the occurrence of ibuprofen in Portuguese surface waters, focusing in the north area of the country, which is one of the most densely populated areas of Portugal. Analysis of ibuprofen is based on pre-concentration of the analyte with solid phase extraction and subsequent determination with liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection. A total of 42 water samples, including surface waters, landfill leachates, Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), and hospital effluents, were analyzed in order to evaluate the occurrence of ibuprofen in the north of Portugal. In general, the highest concentrations were found in the river mouths and in the estuarine zone. The maximum concentrations found were 48,720 ng?L?1 in the landfill leachate, 3,868 ng?L?1 in hospital effluent, 616 ng?L?1 in WWTP effluent, and 723 ng?L?1 in surface waters (Lima river). Environmental risk assessment was evaluated and at the measured concentrations only landfill leachates reveal potential ecotoxicological risk for aquatic organisms. Owing to a high consumption rate of ibuprofen among Portuguese population, as prescribed and non-prescribed medicine, the importance of hospitals, WWTPs, and landfills as sources of entrance of pharmaceuticals in the environment was pointed out. Landfill leachates showed the highest contribution for ibuprofen mass loading into surface waters. On the basis of our findings, more studies are needed as an attempt to assess more vulnerable areas. 相似文献
473.
Adela Castelló Isabel Río Javier García-Pérez Pablo Fernández-Navarro Lance A. Waller Julie A. Clennon Francisco Bolúmar Gonzalo López-Abente 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(7):4933-4946
Industrial activity is one of the main sources of ambient pollution in developed countries. However, research analyzing its effect on birth outcomes is inconclusive. We analyzed the association between proximity of mother’s municipality of residence to industries from 24 different activity groups and risk of very (VPTB) and moderate (MPTB) preterm birth, very (VLBW) and moderate (MLBW) low birth weight, and small for gestational age (SGA) in Spain, 2004–2008. An ecological study was defined, and a “near vs. far” analysis (3.5 km threshold) was carried out using Hierarchical Bayesian models implemented via Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. VPTB risk was higher for mothers living near pharmaceutical companies. Proximity to galvanization and hazardous waste management industries increased the risk of MPTB. Risk of VLBW was higher for mothers residing near pharmaceutical and non-hazardous or animal waste management industries. For MLBW many associations were found, being notable the proximity to mining, biocides and animal waste management plants. The strongest association for SGA was found with proximity to management animal waste plants. These results highlight the importance of further research on the relationship between proximity to industrial sites and the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes especially for the case of pharmaceutical and animal waste management activities. 相似文献
474.
B. Sànchez-Nogué I. Varó M. Solé 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):3480-3488
The common sole, Solea solea (Linneus, 1758), and the Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858), are two important commercial species that coexist in the NW Mediterranean. In order to assess the species' ability to respond to chemical insults, a comparison of activities on enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism was carried out. Juveniles of both species were sampled in winter 2011 from the Ebro Delta region, and activities of selected enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CbE), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were determined in several tissues. Lipid peroxidation (LP) levels in plasma were measured as a sign of oxidative stress. In vitro exposures to selected pesticides were contrasted, analysing AChE and CbE activities in several tissue homogenates. Overall, enzymatic activities were higher in S. solea except for gill GST and CbE and kidney GST, while plasmatic LP levels were similar. In vitro contrasts revealed lower IC50 values for CbE activities in S. solea, suggesting a greater buffer capacity of this enzyme to potentially reduce pesticide toxicity over AChE. 相似文献
475.
Nicolas Creusot Nathalie Tapie Benjamin Piccini Patrick Balaguer Jean-Marc Porcher Hélène Budzinski Selim Aït-Aïssa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):2784-2794
The contamination of aquatic systems by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is now a widely established fact. Nevertheless, there is still a scarcity of knowledge concerning the source, transport, fate and bioavailability of such active compounds. In the present study we assessed the distribution of estrogenic, (anti-)androgenic, pregnane X receptor-like (PXR) and dioxin-like activities between sediment and water compartments using a polar organic compound integrative sampler (POCIS) and a semi-permeable membrane device (SPMD) passive sampler in a river where sediment has been previously described as highly and multi-contaminated. We first confirmed the contamination pattern of this river sediment between 2004, 2009 and 2010 samples, suggesting that this river is subject to a constant high contamination level. However, we showed a different distribution pattern of these activities between compartments: estrogenic activity was mainly detected in POCIS extracts and to a lesser extent in sediment and SPMD extracts; anti-androgenic activities were mainly detected in SPMD and sediment extracts while no activity was detected in POCIS extracts; PXR-like activity was detected in all three investigated compartments, with POCIS > SPMD > sediment; dioxin-like activity was mainly found in the sediment and the SPMD extracts. Overall, partitioning of the biological activities was in accordance with physicochemical properties (e.g., log K ow) of typical known active chemicals in each bioassay. Furthermore, in order to establish whether the chemicals involved in these activities were similar between the compartments, we fractionated sediment, POCIS and SPMD extracts using a multi-step fractionation procedure. This highlighted differences in the nature of active chemicals between compartments. Altogether, our results support the need to consider different compartments in order to enhance exposure assessment. 相似文献
476.
Effects of silicon and copper on bamboo grown hydroponically 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Blanche Collin Emmanuel Doelsch Catherine Keller Frédéric Panfili Jean-Dominique Meunier 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6482-6495
Due to its high growth rate and biomass production, bamboo has recently been proven to be useful in wastewater treatment. Bamboo accumulates high silicon (Si) levels in its tissues, which may improve its development and tolerance to metal toxicity. This study investigates the effect of Si supplementation on bamboo growth and copper (Cu) sensitivity. An 8-month hydroponic culture of bamboo Gigantocloa sp. “Malay Dwarf ” was performed. The bamboo plants were first submitted to a range of Si supplementation (0–1.5 mM). After 6 months, a potentially toxic Cu concentration of 1.5 μM Cu2+ was added. Contrary to many studies on other plants, bamboo growth did not depend on Si levels even though it absorbed Si up to 218 mg g?1 in leaves. The absorption of Cu by bamboo plants was not altered by the Si supplementation; Cu accumulated mainly in roots (131 mg kg?1), but was also found in leaves (16.6 mg kg?1) and stems (9.8 mg kg?1). Copper addition did not induce any toxicity symptoms. The different Cu and Si absorption mechanisms may partially explain why Si did not influence Cu repartition and concentration in bamboo. Given the high biomass and its absorption capacity, bamboo could potentially tolerate and accumulate high Cu concentrations making this plant useful for wastewater treatment. 相似文献
477.
478.
Pratt C Walcroft AS Tate KR Ross DJ Roy R Reid MH Veiga PW 《Journal of environmental quality》2012,41(1):80-87
Soil methane (CH(4)) biofilters, containing CH(4)-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs), are a promising technology for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. However, little is known about long-term biofilter performance. In this study, volcanic pumice topsoils (0-10 cm) and subsoils (10-50 cm) were tested for their ability to oxidize a range of CH(4) fluxes over 1 yr. The soils were sampled from an 8-yr-old and a 2-yr-old grassed landfill cover and from a nearby undisturbed pasture away from the influence of CH(4) generated by the decomposing refuse. Methane was passed through the soils in laboratory chambers with fluxes ranging from 0.5 g to 24 g CH(4) m(-3) h(-1). All topsoils efficiently oxidized CH(4). The undisturbed pasture topsoil exhibited the highest removal efficiency (24 g CH(4) m(-3) h(-1)), indicating rapid activation of the methanotroph population to the high CH(4) fluxes. The subsoils were less efficient at oxidizing CH(4) than the topsoils, achieving a maximum rate oxidation rate of 7 g CH(4) m(-3) h(-1). The topsoils exhibited higher porosities; moisture contents; surface areas; and total C, N, and available-P concentrations than the subsoils, suggesting that these characteristics strongly influence growth and activity of the CH(4)-oxidizing bacteria. Soil pH values and available-P levels gradually declined during the trial, indicating a need to monitor chemical parameters closely so that adjustments can be made when necessary. However, other key soil physicochemical parameters (moisture, total C, total N) increased over the course of the trial. This study showed that the selected topsoils were capable of continually sustaining high CH(4) removal rates over 1 yr, which is encouraging for the development of biofilters as a low-maintenance greenhouse gas mitigation technology. 相似文献
479.
This work presents a short review of adsorptive materials proposed and tested for removing phthalates from an aqueous environment. The objective is not to present an exhaustive review of all the types of adsorbents used, but to focus on selected types of "innovative" materials. Examples include modified activated carbon, chitosan and its modifications, β-cyclodextrin, and specific types of biomass, such as activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, seaweed and microbial cultures. Data from the literature do not confirm the existence of a broad-spectral adsorbent with high sorption efficiency, low production costs and environmentally friendly manufacture. According to the coefficients of Freundlich's isotherm, the most promising adsorbent of those mentioned in this work appears to be the biomass of activated sludge, or extracellular polysaccharides extracted from it. This material benefits from steady production, is cheap and readily available. Nevertheless, before putting it in practice, the treatment and adaptation of this raw material has to be taken into consideration. 相似文献
480.
This paper examines the role and diffusion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) management, especially in relation with the adoption of other management systems, in small and medium sized companies in the surface mining industry in Catalonia (Spain). Specifically, it identifies the most salient CSR practices, procedures and metrics and the profiles of companies more prone to adopt them. To fulfill this aim, a survey has been conducted. Results show that mining companies are familiar with CSR practices, but there is not much formalization of procedures and measurement systems of CSR yet. Results show that the majority of socially responsible practices are related to environmental issues and therefore there is a relation between CSR and the application of environmental management systems. The analysis reveals that the management of CSR activities improves with the diffusion of knowledge on CSR practices. A second survey collected the opinion of professional associations in the sector. Respondents indicate that an improvement in CSR management will lead to a better global competitive position. 相似文献