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排序方式: 共有397条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
321.
武汉东湖高新技术开发区土壤重金属污染状况及影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在武汉市东湖高新技术开发区采集土壤样本136个,测定Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn和Cr的含量,发现Cd平均含量超过湖北省背景值,并且在研究区大片区域都超过了国家环境质量二级标准.Cu平均含量接近背景值,而其它元素均低于背景值,但部分区域仍有富集.地统计分析显示6种重金属自相关性较弱,重金属含量高值主要分布于研究区中部以及西北部.从空间分布看,Cd、Cu、Ni和Cr的富集可能主要来源于区内企业生产排放.Pb和Zn含量主要由自然因素决定,外界基本没有输入,部分区域富集的Pb可能由交通因素造成,Zn的局部累积可能来自于农业措施.综合污染指数显示区内整体存在污染,需要采取必要的措施进行治理. 相似文献
322.
Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids and residence time on desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from soils 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and residence time on desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from two typical Chinese soils were studied. Citric, malic, and acetic acids were chosen as representatives of LMWOAs commonly present in soils. CaCl(2) and NaNO(3) were used in desorption as they were main soil background electrolytes for comparison. Desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from both soils followed the descending order: citric acid>malic acid>acetic acid>CaCl(2)>NaNO(3), which was consistent with the order of stability of Cu-, Cd-, and Pb-LMWOAs complexes from large to small and ion exchange ability of Ca(2+) and Na(+). Desorption of metals by inorganic salts decreased with increasing desorption solution pH. Whereas desorption of metals by LMWOAs showed different trend in response to pH change due to their different complexing abilities. Malic and acetic acids released less metals at low pH 3.1 compared with citric acid at pH 7, indicating that pH was not the dominant factor governing the release of metals. In addition, all LMWOAs desorbed more metals than inorganic salts, CaCl(2) and NaNO(3). Therefore, organic ligands played a dominant role in desorption of heavy metals. More metals were released from Jiangxi soil than from Heilongjiang soil due to lower soil pH, CEC, organic matter content and manganese oxide of Jiangxi soil. Generally, desorption of metals decreased with increasing residence time of metals in soils. 相似文献
323.
针对上海老港垃圾填埋场经过厌氧-曝气塘处理后的渗滤液难进一步处理的问题,对其采用厌氧滤池-好氧接触法、氧化钙2种方式预处理,在此预处理基础上,考察了Fenton法深度处理的效果,探讨了H2O2/Fe2+投加比、初始pH、H2O2投加量、反应时间和Fenton试剂投加方式对渗滤液COD去除效果的影响。研究发现:经过生物预处理后,渗滤液的COD和TP分别降低了24%和25%;氧化钙调碱可以进一步使COD和TP去除率分别达到42%和96%;后续Fenton深度氧化的最佳条件为:初始pH为2,H2O2投加量为2.4 g/L,H2O2/Fe2+摩尔比为5∶1,Fenton试剂一次投加,反应时间为2 h。在此条件下,渗滤液的COD从1 340 mg/L降到198 mg/L,总COD去除率达到85%。 相似文献
324.
采用气液混合放电降解水溶液中的阿特拉津,考察了放电输出功率、溶液pH值和Fe2 浓度对阿特拉津降解的影响,并初步探讨了其降解动力学.结果表明,提高放电输出功率、降低溶液pH值均能提高阿特拉津的降解率.相同实验条件下,添加Fe2 显著提高了阿特拉津的降解率,在Fe2 添加量分别为0.2,0.6,2.0 mmol·1-1时,随着Fe2 浓度的升高阿特拉津的降解率也不断提高.阿特拉津在气液混合放电反应器中的降解符合一级反应动力学.阿特拉津降解过程中的中间产物主要通过以下4种途径产生:脱烷基作用、烷基氧化作用、脱氯羟化作用和脱氯羟化-氧化作用. 相似文献
325.
Huang Bin Sun Leiye Liu Mengran Huang Haiyou He Huan Han Fengxia Wang Xiaoxia Xu Zhixiang Li Bei Pan Xuejun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(2):1675-1688
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microplastic pollution in cultivated soil has received increasing attention recently. There may be more serious microplastic abundance but little... 相似文献
326.
高寒地区道路工程的生态效应及其生态恢复研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高寒地区道路施工等基础设施建设对高寒地区会造成巨大的生态破坏,生态恢复问题亟待解决.围绕目前的焦点问题:"道路施工对高海拔生态系统造成的显著变化将对区域环境产生何种影响?退化生态系统的结构与功能恢复潜力如何?",本文介绍了道路施工建设对原生植被、植物个体生态、种群生态、群落生态、沿线景观生态系统的影响,通过国内外学者关于高原道路生态环境效益的研究,对生态效应评价方法和水土流失研究规律进行阐述,分析了道路生态恢复治理措施的构建规律,指出目前需要加强的研究有:道路建设过程中的生态恢复基础研究,生物多样性和生态系统恢复力在道路工程生态恢复中的作用研究. 相似文献
327.
Wang Z Nie E Li J Yang M Zhao Y Luo X Zheng Z 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2908-2917
Purpose
Two series of activated carbons modified by Fe (II) and Fe (III) (denoted as AC/N-FeII and AC/N-FeIII), respectively, were used as adsorbents for the removal of phosphate in aqueous solutions.Method
The synthesized adsorbent materials were investigated by different experimental analysis means. The adsorption of phosphate on activated carbons has been studied in kinetic and equilibrium conditions taking into account the adsorbate concentration, temperature, and solution pH as major influential factors.Results
Maximum removals of phosphate are obtained in the pH range of 3.78?C6.84 for both adsorbents. Langmuir isotherm adsorption equation well describes the experimental adsorption isotherms. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model. Results suggest that the main phase formed in AC/N-FeII and AC/N-FeIII is goethite and akaganeite, respectively; the presence of iron oxides significantly affected the surface area and the pore structure of the activated carbon.Conclusions
Studies revealed that iron-doped activated carbons were effective in removing phosphate. AC/N-FeII has a higher phosphate removal capacity than AC/N-FeIII, which could be attributed to its better intra-particle diffusion and higher binding energy. The activation energy for adsorption was calculated to be 22.23 and 10.89 kJ mol?1 for AC/N-FeII and AC/N-FeIII, respectively. The adsorption process was complex; both surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion were simultaneously occurring during the process and contribute to the adsorption mechanism. 相似文献328.
Bea V. Chang Bei W. Chiang Shaw Y. Yuan 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):387-392
This study investigated the effects of various factors on the anaerobic degradation of nonylphenol (NP) in soil. The results show that the optimal pH for NP degradation was 7.0 and that the degradation rate was enhanced when the temperature was increased. The addition of compost enhanced NP degradation. The individual addition of the electron donors lactate, acetate, and pyruvate inhibited NP degradation. The high-to-low order of NP degradation rates under three anaerobic conditions was sulfate-reducing conditions > methanogenic conditions > nitrate-reducing conditions. The results show that sulfate-reducing bacteria, methanogen, and eubacteria are involved in the anaerobic degradation of NP, with sulfate-reducing bacteria being a major component of the soil. Of the anaerobic strains isolated from the soil samples, strain AT3 expressed the best ability to biodegrade NP. 相似文献
329.
330.