Construction of an ecosystem service value evaluation system for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in Chengdu City Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process北大核心CSCD

As a special ecosystem, an urban forest park, which is different from a regular “forest park”, is one of the key elements involved in improving the urban ecological environment and promoting the sustainable development of a city. The “urban forest park” can also significantly improve living conditions by acting as a greenbelt. The Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park is a rare mountain urban forest park located in the center of the city. This “urban forest park” not only provides more ecological products and maintains ecological security but also meets the growing needs of people for food, environmental quality, and spirituality. To comprehensively assess the ecological value of the Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park, this study used the literature analogy and questionnaire survey methods to establish a targeted ecosystem service assessment system in this study area. In addition, combined with the hierarchical analysis method, the indicator system was tested, and the specific evaluation index was determined. In the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park Ecosystem Service Value Index System, three first-level indicators, such as ecological material products (with a weight of 0.412 6), ecological regulation (0.327 5), and dwelling culture (0.259 9); eight secondary indicators, such as product production (0.206 3), resource supply (0.206 3), and biodiversity (0.194 4); and twenty-three tertiary indicators, such as air negative oxygen ion (0.154 7), habitat quality (0.095 9), and ecological health benefit (0.075 5), were identified. From the weights of the first and second indicators, it was clear that the supply of ecological material products is the main service function in the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park ecosystem. Moreover, from the weights of the third indicator, the public’s cognition and concept of the ecosystem service value of the “urban forest park” gradually shifted from the supply service of products and resources to cultural services. In summary, the ecosystem service value assessment system designed for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in this study has certain feasibility and extensibility that lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific assessment of ecological value and ecological value realization mechanism for other “forest parks” worldwide. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of sunshine duration over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2020北大核心CSCD

Based on observation data of daily sunshine duration from 1961 to 2020 at 175 meteorological observation stations over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, spatial transformation analysis, climate trend analysis and M-K mutation test were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal and annual sunshine duration in the region in the last 60 years. The results show that (1) annual average sunshine duration was 2 323 h, the maximum was 3 487 h in Gaer, Tibet, and the minimum was 771 h in Ya'an, Sichuan. The high-value areas were mostly located in western Tibet, northern Qinghai, western Gansu, and Xinjiang, and the low-value areas were mostly located in Nyingchi in Tibet, the mountainous area on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and northwestern Yunnan. The highest sunshine duration was recorded in winter (631 h), and the lowest was recorded in autumn (555 h) among the four seasons. (2) The average decrease in annual sunshine duration was 10.27 h/10 a. The largest rates of decrease were mainly in Gannan of Gansu and Ganzi of Sichuan, with the largest rate of decrease of 130 h/10 a. The areas with large rates of increase were mainly in Hotan area of Xinjiang, Liangshan of Sichuan and Lhasa of Tibet, with the largest increase of 61 h/10 a. Among the four seasons, spring exhibited an upward trend, and the remainder exhibited a downward trend. (3) Before 2017, the annual sunshine duration increased but declined after 2017. Spring sunshine duration had the largest number of mutation years, and the earliest mutation time was 1963. Winter had the fewest number of mutation years and the latest mutation time occurred in 2015. In summary, the annual and seasonal sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau vary greatly in space, but with the general characteristics of more sunshine in the northwest and less in the southeast, and sunshine hours were mainly decreasing, with 2017 as a mutation point of annual sunshine duration. Most areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have great potential for photosynthetic production and are suitable for the development of light-loving plants and high-density planting. Shade-loving or shade-tolerant plants, including tea, are suitable for development in remote mountainous areas with low sunshine values in the western part of the basin, including Ya’an, Sichuan, and other areas, such as Medog, Tibet. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

An analysis of coupling coordination relationship between regional economy and transportation: empirical evidence from China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The increasing discrepancy between a regional economy and transportation imposes higher requirements for their coordinated development. This paper...     

Effects of different concentrations of tetracycline and oxytetracycline on the growth and ecotoxicity in lettuce北大核心CSCD

四环素类抗生素(TCs)是目前我国应用广泛、用量最大的一类抗生素,畜禽粪便和土壤中存在TCs残留,影响蔬菜作物的生长发育. TCs因水溶性较高更容易被植物转运和积累,植物对TCs耐受性机理研究仍不足.为更全面探究土壤TCs对蔬菜的毒性作用,研究不同浓度四环素(TC)和土霉素(OTC)分别对生菜的抗生素残留、生长特征及抗氧化酶系统的影响.结果显示,在0(对照)、2、10、50、250 mg/kg 5个施用水平下,生菜叶片抗生素含量逐渐增加,且土霉素含量始终大于四环素含量.与对照相比,抗生素浓度在50 mg/kg以上时对生菜生长具有显著抑制作用,其中,株高、根长、地上部和地下部鲜重与叶片TC残留量具显著负相关.生菜叶片的脯氨酸含量随浓度增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,在10 mg/kg时达到最大.并且低浓度(2 mg/kg)促进抗氧化酶基因SOD、POD21和CAT的表达,高浓度抗生素(50、250 mg/kg)对其产生抑制作用,10 mg/kg的抗生素处理对SOD、POD21和CAT基因表达的影响在抗生素种类上存在差异.本研究表明抗生素浓度超过50 mg/kg对生菜生长产生抑制作用,脯氨酸和抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT的转录水平及其酶活性能快速响应抗生素胁迫,可作为生菜对抗生素抗性的辅助评价指标.(图8表3参19)     

Population dynamics of farmland ladybug resources and dominant species in Nyingchi,Tibet, China北大核心CSCD

捕食性瓢虫是重要的天敌昆虫,有利于害虫的生物防治.为查清西藏林芝地区农田瓢虫资源与种群现状,明确优势种类及种群动态和规律,对林芝不同生态区域的青稞、小麦、油菜3种作物农田开展瓢虫资源调查研究,同时选取固定样地定期进行种群动态分析.结果显示:林芝地区农田瓢虫分为2个亚科4个族10个属,共13种,其中11种为捕食性瓢虫.主要优势瓢虫种类为横斑瓢虫、多异瓢虫、二星瓢虫.其中横斑瓢虫在全部调查样地中均有分布,在农田中总体优势度指数、相对多度为最高.3种优势瓢虫在不同作物中种群动态变化规律存在差异,其中横斑瓢虫虫口密度长期高于其余优势瓢虫,且与蚜虫密度曲线有较为明显的重合现象.横斑瓢虫种群密度峰值主要集中在6月中旬至7月上旬,但在不同作物农田中具体峰值时期存在差异.可见,林芝地区农田不同种类瓢虫之间有较大数量差异,在不同生态区域与作物环境下具有不同的种群特征,但是优势瓢虫种类与种群规律较为明确,可用于农田蚜虫生物防治;结果可为保护当地重要昆虫资源及开展生物防治提供基础数据支撑.(图4表6参23)     

Identification and expression analysis of the HvENOD93 gene family in barley北大核心CSCD

早期结瘤素93(ENOD93)蛋白在植物根瘤形成初期扮演着重要的角色.基于大麦基因组信息鉴定大麦ENOD93基因家族成员,分析其理化特性、进化关系、基因结构、蛋白质结构和启动子顺式作用元件;并分析ENOD93家族在不同组织和不同基因型(籽粒大小)的表达情况.结果显示,大麦ENOD93基因家族有16个成员,均含有ENOD93基因家族特有的保守结构域;编码区长度在207-627 bp之间,外显子数量有1-4个,平均2.75个,且大部分位于细胞膜上;进化树结果表明与水稻、小麦和玉米等禾本科植物ENOD93基因的亲缘关系较近;启动子顺式元件主要有植物生长发育响应元件、胁迫响应元件以及激素响应元件;大部分HvENOD93基因在灌浆期籽粒和大粒材料中表达量较高.推测大麦HvENOD93基因在籽粒大小形成中起关键性作用;另外,结合其他物种相关基因研究结果,共筛选出3个同源基因.(图4表2参45)     

A method for livestock waste management planning in NE Spain

A method of decision-making on livestock wastes management in areas with nutrient surplus due to high livestock density is applied in Catalonia (NE Spain). Nutrient balance is made considering soil nitrogen application as the limiting factor. Special attention is paid to the centralized treatment option. The method presented consists of: 1. minimizing livestock waste generation (at farm scale) as a step previous to any other, both in amount and limiting components, 2. applying the nitrogen balance method at regional and municipal scale and providing enough storage capacity in order to apply wastes in an agronomically correct way, 3. spatially refining the results of the nitrogen balance by a proposed method that allows precisely pinpointing the hotspots of livestock waste generation, where centralized treatment might be an interesting option, and 4. deciding on the waste treatment objectives, provided that treatments be necessary. Knowledge about the wastes, meeting the interests and merging the efforts of the various actors, as well as an adequate budget are necessary ingredients for the success of any waste management plan.     

Study of flow formed by three coplanar impinging pipe jets at inclination angles of 30° and 45°

This paper presents an experimental study of the interactions of three fully-submerged, coplanar impinging jets issued from long pipes. The jets were neutrally buoyant and were arranged symmetrically about the axis of a central jet, with two side jets set to intersect with the central jet at two inclination angles (30° and 45°) and three Reynolds numbers (4240, 6400 and 8000). Measurements of the flow fields were performed using particle image velocimetry to examine the flow structures in various planes, i.e., the jet axis plane (X–Y), the jet normal plane (X–Z) and the cross-sectional plane (Y–Z). This flow configuration results in pronounced interactions among the three jets, and hence better mixing than that of a canonical single pipe jet as illustrated by augmented centreline velocity decay, spreading rate and turbulence level. The jets at the inclination angle of 45° impinge and mix more rapidly than those at 30°. For each case, the flow is highly 3-dimensional, and jet development displayed several distinct regions (converging, merging and combining) along the streamwise direction. The expansion of flow in the X–Y plane is similar to the shape of a hyperbola with necking formed immediately downstream of the impinging point, whereas that in the X–Z plane assumes the shape of a parabola with an open rim exhibiting a pronounced velocity deficit in the central part of the combining flow. Self-similarity of streamwise mean velocity is explored in the combining region of the flow on the two planes of symmetry (X–Y and X–Z). Flow development in the combining region is dominated by large-scale vortical structures, including von Kárman-like spanwise vortices in the X–Y plane and secondary circulation in the form of two pairs of counter-rotating streamwise vortices in the Y–Z plane.     

薄膜扩散梯度技术测量砷的影响因素及其应用

研究了水体中常见无机阴离子和腐植酸对以氧化锆为固定膜的新型薄膜扩散梯度技术(Zr-oxide DGT)测量砷(As)的影响及其在自然地表水体中的应用.结果表明,短期(16h)暴露,SO₄^2-无影响,而HCO₃^-、Cl^-、SiO₃^2-和腐植酸有一定的影响,其忍耐的最高浓度值分别为360mg/L、45g/L、100mg/L和36mg/L.1~4d暴露期间,37~148mg/L的HCO₃^-、1.44~2.88g/L的SO₄^2-、12~24g/L 的Cl^-、8~24mg/L的SiO₃^2-和3~9mg/L的腐植酸均无影响,而高浓度的HCO₃^-(370mg/L)、SO₄^2- (8.64g/L)、Cl^-(72g/L)和腐植酸(27mg/L) 3~4d以及SiO₃^2-(72mg/L) 2~4d的存在明显降低该技术对As的吸收富集,并对As(III)的作用更大.将Zr-oxide DGT技术应用于南京市地表水体,并与传统的主动监测方法进行比较,发现利用Zr-oxide DGT技术测得的溶解态As浓度与传统的主动采样技术测定浓度一致.