隧道穿越距离变化对地表框架结构变形的影响

为了研究隧道施工对邻近建筑物基础的沉降量、沉降差、扭转及倾斜等变形特征随隧道距离的变化规律,结合广州地铁隧道下穿一个框架结构建筑物,利用FLAC3D软件建立隧道-土-建筑结构的三维有限差分计算模型,考虑了建筑物的中间纵向框架与隧道轴线平行、距离从0m增加到20m共11种工况。根据计算结果,建筑物的最大扭曲变形量和最大沉降量随着距离的增大,都由最大值逐渐减小趋于零,其中最大扭曲变形量减小很快,当水平距离超出隧道轴线埋深时,扭曲变形量可以忽略不计;而建筑物倾斜、相邻基础的沉降差先由零逐渐增加,在沉降槽边缘内侧达到最大值,随后逐渐减小,最后逐渐趋于零。研究结果表明,对于受隧道施工影响的地表框架结构建筑物,在隧道上方位置时应重点监控其沉降量和扭转变形量,而在沉降槽边缘内侧时应注意监控其沉降差和倾斜量。     

综合评定苯并（a）芘低浓度污染有毒危险性的研究

在细胞遗传损伤和免疫功能综合指标中,观察对苯并（a）芘（BaP）敏感并适用于人群检测的指标。结果显示外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）率与尿中BaP含量呈正相关;并在BP低于10μg/100M³的接触人群中观察到SCE率增高;血清IgG和补体C³与血中BaP含量呈负相关。以SCE率增高、IgG降低和尿中BaP负荷量增高综合评定BaP污染的有危毒险性有应用前景,饮用中华猕猴桃饮料,有助于SCE率增高的恢复和体内BaP的排出。     

Examining the interpersonal process and consequence of leader–member exchange comparison: The role of procedural justice climate

Individuals are always sensitive to their relative standing in interpersonal comparison processes of leader–member exchanges (LMXs) in teams. Little research, however, has investigated whether coworkers with a higher LMX influence the emotional and behavioral reactions of individuals with a lower LMX in different dyads. Drawing on social comparison theory and the symbolic model of procedural justice (PJ) climate, we conducted 2 independent studies—an experimental study focusing on the self‐perceived upward LMX comparison (i.e., an individual perceives that a coworker's LMX is higher than the LMX that he or she has with the supervisor; N = 203; Study 1: American working adults) and a field survey study focusing on the other‐perceived downward LMX comparison (i.e., a coworker perceives that his or her own LMX is higher than the LMX that the individual has with the supervisor; N = 177; Study 2: Chinese software engineers). Results from these studies consistently revealed that a coworker's higher LMX elicits an individual's hostile emotions when the PJ climate is low but that this relationship is buffered when the PJ climate is high. Results of both studies also showed that the coworker's higher LMX arouses the individual to direct harmful behavior toward that coworker (via the individual's feelings of hostility) when the PJ climate is low but not when it is high.     

Characterization of modified Alternanthera philoxeroides by diethylenetriamine and its application in the adsorption of copper(II) ions in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - By a simple and convenient method of using epichlorohydrin as linkages, a novel Alternanthera philoxeroides (AP) derivative modified with...     

Evaluating the usability of a commercial cooling vest in the Hong Kong industries

Objective. The provision of appropriate personal cooling vests is recognized as an effective measure to combat heat stress. However, personal cooling vests are not widely implemented in the Hong Kong industries. The current study aims to evaluate the usability of a hybrid cooling vest that is associated with the success of its application in industrial settings. Methods. A self-administrated questionnaire focusing on 10 subjective attributes of cooling effect, ergonomic design and usability of a hybrid cooling vest was administered with 232 occupational workers in the construction, horticultural and cleaning, airport apron services and kitchen and catering industries. Results. A structural equation model estimated by analysis of moment structures was constructed to evaluate the usability of the cooling vest, as influenced by cooling effect and ergonomic design. Results showed that cooling effect (path coefficient?=?0.69, p?p?Conclusions. The structural equation model is feasible to examine the complex nature of the structural relationships among the subjective perceptions of personal cooling vests. The empirical findings furnish sound evidence for further optimization of the hybrid cooling vest in terms of cooling effect and ergonomic design for occupational workers.     

基于OP-FTIR的化工区空气特征污染实测方法研究

应用开放式傅里叶变换红外光谱分析仪(OP-FTIR)对华东地区某化工区周边空气特征污染进行了180 d连续在线监测,建立了污染特征分析、预警评估和污染溯源等体系化监测应用方法,匹配形成了近10项日常数据监控指标的质保质控体系和基于最小二乘法人机结合的谱图解析和数据生成体系,数据误差控制在20%以内。结果表明,通过180 d外场稳定监测,实现了超过40种区域特征污染因子库的建立和实时监控,掌握了乙烯和甲醇等10余种特征污染物的排放规律和主要来源。     

2015年冬季苏州城市热岛特征研究

基于Landsat土地利用类型分类资料、夜间灯光影像资料、自动气象站资料以及大气边界层探测资料,划分出城市、郊区以及湖区代表站,分析了苏州2015年1月城市热岛日变化、昼夜差异特征以及城、湖温度差日变化特征,并对苏州城市热岛分布特征以及城、湖大气边界层结构差异进行分析。结果显示：(1)白天热岛强度小,09~17时热岛强度均小于1℃,最小值仅为02℃;夜间热岛强度大,19~05时热岛强度维持在12℃以上,最大值为17℃。(2)城、湖温差白天为正,夜间为负,市区变温速率比湖区快约02℃/h。(3) 苏州白天热中心形状不规则,范围大,城郊温差小,夜间形成单一封闭稳定热中心,热中心形状与市区有较好对应,城、郊温差维持在15℃左右。冬季地面盛行西北风,太湖湖陆风现象显著,湖陆风和盛行风向共同影响城市热羽向西南方向发展。（4）城、湖虚位温廓线在白天差异小,均有不稳定边界层形成,夜间市区仍维持不稳定边界层,而湖区有稳定边界层发展,近地层内干岛效应显著。(5)城市热岛影响范围有明显日变化特征,白天城市热岛影响范围小于40 m,夜间大于200 m。     

工业区恶臭污染自动监控体系设计

选取典型工业区,汇总了恶臭污染的突发性、排放不规律、夜间高值显著等特征,分析了由化学特性、物质种类和监控要求等带来的恶臭污染监测难点。根据信访投诉、地理特点和大气扩散规律,提出构建工业区恶臭污染自动监控体系。在恶臭污染排放特征分析基础上,筛选优控污染物,优选适用在线监测技术,建设边界监控为主、园区监测为辅的专业化、自动化大气特征污染监测系统,通过统一联网和平台,统一质控和规范,建立预警监测信息平台。在实际构建与应用的过程中,探索了分级管理、多方合作的运行机制,为工业区恶臭污染分析评估、污染溯源和控制提供了技术支持。     

土壤环境质量标准在工程应用中的局限性分析

为贯彻落实《中华人民共和国环境保护法》,加强建设用地土壤环境监管,管控污染地块对人体健康的风险,保障人居环境安全,生态环保部组织相关部门编制了土壤环境质量标准,并于2018年8月1日起开始实施。在标准实施的过程和应用过程中发现新发布的标准存在一些局限性。本文以土壤污染机理为基础,结合现行的治理技术,论述土壤质量标准在时间、空间及应用中的局限性。     

提高自动监控运维管理质量的若干思考

针对排污企业在线自动监控系统管理存在主体责任履行不到位,第三方运维企业人员流动性大且技术素质参差不齐等问题,对照污染源自动监控系统相关法律法规和标准,结合多年的污染源自动监控系统监督核查管理经验,提出排污企业应尽量安装同一品牌同一型号的自动监控设施、建立针对第三方的监督考核机制,运维企业应制定长期有效的管理机制、建立自动监控设施运行动态管理台账等建议,以提升企业自动监控系统管理水平,确保自动监控数据真实、合法、有效,为企业生态环境管理决策提供有力支持。