Co-metabolic and biochar-promoted biodegradation of mixed PAHs by highly efficient microbial consortium QY1

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), typical representatives of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have become ubiquitous in the environment. In this study, a novel microbial consortium QY1 that performed outstanding PAHs-degrading capacity has been enriched. The degradation characteristics of single and mixed PAHs treated with QY1 were studied, and the effect of biochar on biodegradation of mixed PAHs and the potential of biochar in PAHs-heavy metal combined pollution bioremediation were also investigated. Results showed that, in single substrate system, QY1 degraded 94.5% of 500 mg/L phenanthrene (PHE) and 17.8% of 10 mg/L pyrene (PYR) after 7 days, while in PHE-PYR mixture system, the biodegradation efficiencies of PHE (500 mg/L) and PYR (10 mg/L) reached 94.0% and 96.2%, respectively, since PHE served as co-metabolic substrate to have significantly improved PYR biodegradation. Notably, with the cooperation of biochar, the biodegradations of PHE and PYR were greatly accelerated. Further, biochar could reduce the adverse impact of heavy metals (Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Cr₂O₇^2?) on PYR biodegradation remarkably. The sequencing analysis revealed that Methylobacterium, Burkholderia and Stenotrophomonas were the dominant genera of QY1 in almost all treatments, indicating that these genera might play key roles in PAHs biodegradation. Overall, this study provided new insights into the efficient bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated site.     

基于移动监测的城市街谷交通相关污染物浓度时空变化研究

为更好认识城市街谷内的大气污染特征和提供城市街谷优化设计的实证参考,本文以干旱区绿洲城市乌鲁木齐市北京南路为例,采用移动监测技术,分析了城市街谷大气污染物(CO、PM2.5)的时空分布,并识别其主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)早高峰空气质量优于晚高峰;交叉路口处污染物浓度普遍较低,但苏州路立交桥下污染物浓度较高;(2)两种污染物同源,其浓度与固定站点监测数据高度相关,风向与街谷成锐角时污染物浓度较低,风速较大时污染物浓度较高,污染物浓度与车流量相关程度较低;(3)街谷两侧建筑物高度比在[1.5,2)之间,污染物浓度较低,在[1,1.5)之间,污染物浓度较高;路网密度在[12,14)之间,污染物浓度较低,[12,14)之间的道路密度能够最大程度的降低街谷内污染物浓度。     

城市污水处理过程中溶解性有机物及荧光物质的变化规律

以锦州市W污水处理厂为研究对象,利用三维荧光光谱分析技术和荧光区域积分(FRI)方法考察了城市污水处理过程中溶解性有机物及荧光物质的去除状况.利用XAD树脂将DOM分为5个部分:疏水性有机酸(HPO-A)、疏水性中性有机物(HPO-N)、过渡亲水性有机酸(TPIA)、过渡亲水性中性有机物(TPI-N)和亲水性有机物(HPI).结果表明,HPO-A和HPI是该污水处理厂进水中的主要DOM组分,并且DOM中的荧光物质主要为类芳香族蛋白质荧光物质和类富里酸荧光物质.在该污水处理厂内,生物降解作用是TPI-A和HPI的主要去除机制,HPO-N和TPI-N主要是由深度处理工艺(絮凝-沉淀-过滤)去除的,生物处理工艺和深度处理工艺对HPO-A的去除能力接近,而生物处理工艺和深度处理工艺对TPI-N的去除效果均较差.生物处理工艺对HPO-A、TPI-A和HPI中的荧光物质有较强的去除能力,而对HPO-N和TPI-N中荧光物质的去除效果较差.深度处理工艺能够有效去除HPO-A和HPO-N中的荧光物质,而对TPI-A、TPI-N和HPI中的荧光物质无明显去除作用.     

纳米气敏材料的研究现状与发展

各种气体尤其是可燃性气体和毒性气体的检测监控已成为当前急需解决的问题，纳米气敏材料的研究对提高气敏材料的灵敏度、选择性和长期稳定性，以及如何降低工作温度和缩短响应温度时间等方面起着重大的作用。针对氢气、硫化氢、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物、乙醇、丙酮等气体的纳米气敏材料的研究现状作了一定的研究，并对发展的趋势作了展望。     

Construction,renovation, and demolition waste in landfill: a review of waste characteristics,environmental impacts,and mitigation measures

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With the increase in global population, industrialization, and urbanization, waste from construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) activities has...     

Environmental courts and foreign direct investments: evidence from China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As China’s pollution problems worsen, environmental disputes are increasing rapidly. However, only 1% of environmental disputes can be resolved...     

省会城市不同功能区大气PM2.5化学组分季节变化及来源分析

为探究城市不同功能区大气PM_2.5污染水平、成分季节差异特征以及来源,采集了省会城市济南市2019年不同季节（春、秋、冬）3类典型功能区（城市市区、工业区、城乡结合区）和环境背景点植物园区的PM_2.5样品,对其浓度[ρ(PM_2.5)]、化学组分（水溶性离子、碳质组分、元素）和来源进行分析.结果表明采样期间3类功能区ρ(PM_2.5)在空间上呈现：工业区[（89.88±49.25）μg·m^-3]>城乡结合区[（86.73±57.24）μg·m^-3]>城市市区[（70.70±44.89）μg·m^-3],远大于植物园区[（44.36±21.54）μg·m^-3].各功能区ρ(PM_2.5)秋冬季明显高于春季,冬季最高值出现在城乡结合区,春季和秋季均为工业区最高.工业区各季PM_2.5中的水溶性离子浓度较高,主要的水溶性离子NO^-₃