全文获取类型
收费全文 | 377篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 8篇 |
废物处理 | 23篇 |
环保管理 | 46篇 |
综合类 | 156篇 |
基础理论 | 61篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 70篇 |
评价与监测 | 13篇 |
社会与环境 | 6篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 22篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 14篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 5篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1963年 | 5篇 |
1962年 | 3篇 |
1961年 | 6篇 |
1960年 | 4篇 |
1959年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
1957年 | 6篇 |
1954年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有387条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
341.
Travis P. Wagner 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(12):3014-3021
Based on high disposal and low recycling rates of electronic waste (e-waste) and continued exportation to developing countries, reliance on municipal responsibility for e-waste management has been unsuccessful in the United States. This case study examines Maine’s program, which was the first US state to mandate producer responsibility for recycling household e-waste. Maine’s program established a shared cost responsibility among producers, municipalities, and consumers. The study found that Maine’s program resulted in a significant reduction in disposal and a corresponding increase in environmentally sound recycling. In the first 3 years of the program, 6.406 million kg of household e-waste was collected and recycled for a population of 1.32 million. The new program, implemented in 2006, increased the number of e-waste items collected and recycled by 108% in the first year, 170% in the second year, and 221% in the third year. The program decreased direct economic costs to municipalities and households because of the shared cost approach and for the first time established costs for producers. There was no empirical evidence indicating that producers have or will improve the recyclability of electronic products to reduce recycling costs. While other weaknesses were that found potentially limit the adoption of Maine’s program, its positive aspects warrant consideration by other governments. 相似文献
342.
Recent research suggests that community-based collaboration may build social capital—defined as trust, norms of reciprocity,
and networks. Social capital may improve a group’s ability to collaborate, manage risk, innovate, and adapt to change. We
used mail surveys of group participants and key informant interviews to assess whether the following collaborative group characteristics
affected social capital built within 10 collaborative groups in northwest Colorado: perceived success, conflict, activeness,
stakeholder diversity, previous collaboration experience, similar values and beliefs, group size, group age, and initial social
capital. Perceived success and initial levels of social capital were the strongest predictors of current levels of and changes
in social capital over time. Collaboration experience negatively influenced current levels of trust. Our results suggest that
collaborative groups may need to consider the outcomes of collaborative interactions in order to build social capital. 相似文献
343.
Masako Morishita Gerald J. Keeler Jacob D. McDonald James G. Wagner Li-Hao Young Satoshi Utsunomiya Rodney C. Ewing Jack R. Harkema 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(10):1805-1813
Recent studies have attributed toxic effects of ambient fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.5) to physical and/or chemical properties rather than total mass. However, identifying specific components or sources of a complex mixture of ambient PM2.5 that are responsible for adverse health effects is still challenging. In order to improve our understanding of source-to-receptor pathways for ambient PM2.5 (links between sources of ambient PM2.5 and measures of biologically relevant dose), integrated inhalation toxicology studies using animal models and concentrated air particles (CAPs) were completed in southwest Detroit, a community where the pediatric asthma rate is more than twice the national average. Ambient PM2.5 was concentrated with a Harvard fine particle concentrator housed in AirCARE1, a mobile air research laboratory which facilitates inhalation exposure studies in real-world settings. Detailed characterizations of ambient PM2.5 and CAPs, identification of major emission sources of PM2.5, and quantification of trace elements in the lung tissues of laboratory rats that were exposed to CAPs for two distinct 3-day exposure periods were completed.This paper describes the physical/chemical properties and sources of PM2.5, pulmonary metal concentrations and meteorology from two different 3-day exposure periods—both conducted at the southwest Detroit location in July 2003—which resulted in disparate biological effects. More specifically, during one of the exposure periods, ambient PM2.5-derived trace metals were recovered from lung tissues of CAPs-exposed animals, and these metals were linked to local combustion point sources in southwest Detroit via receptor modeling and meteorology; whereas in the other exposure period, no such trace metals were observed. By comparing these two disparate results, this investigation was able to define possible links between PM2.5 emitted from refineries and incinerators and biologically relevant dose, which in turn may be associated with observed health effects. 相似文献
344.
Travis P. Wagner 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(3):499-507
Increasingly, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and Product Stewardship (PS) frameworks are being adopted as a preferred policy approach to promote cost-effective diversion and recovery of post-consumer solid waste. Because the application of EPR/PS generally requires the creation of a separate and often parallel collection and/or management system, key to increasing the amount of waste recovered is to maximize the convenience of the collection system to maximize consumer participation. Convenient collection is often mandated in EPR/PS laws, however it is not defined. Convenience is a subjective construct rendering it extremely difficult to define. However, based on a dissection of post-consumer collection efforts under a generic EPR/PS system, this paper identifies and examines five categories of convenience – knowledge requirements, proximity to a collection site, opportunity to drop-off materials, the draw of the collection site, and the ease of the process—and the various factors of convenience within each of these categories. By using a simplified multiple criteria decision analysis, this paper proposes a performance matrix of criteria of convenience. Stakeholders can use this matrix to assist in the design, assessment, and/or implementation of a convenient post-consumer collection system under an EPR/PS framework. 相似文献
345.
Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Martin Wagner Jörg Oehlmann 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2009,16(3):278-286
Background, aim, and scope Food consumption is an important route of human exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. So far, this has been demonstrated
by exposure modeling or analytical identification of single substances in foodstuff (e.g., phthalates) and human body fluids
(e.g., urine and blood). Since the research in this field is focused on few chemicals (and thus missing mixture effects),
the overall contamination of edibles with xenohormones is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the integrated
estrogenic burden of bottled mineral water as model foodstuff and to characterize the potential sources of the estrogenic
contamination.
Materials, methods, and results In the present study, we analyzed commercially available mineral water in an in vitro system with the human estrogen receptor
alpha and detected estrogenic contamination in 60% of all samples with a maximum activity equivalent to 75.2 ng/l of the natural
sex hormone 17β-estradiol. Furthermore, breeding of the molluskan model Potamopyrgus antipodarum in water bottles made of glass and plastic [polyethylene terephthalate (PET)] resulted in an increased reproductive output
of snails cultured in PET bottles. This provides first evidence that substances leaching from plastic food packaging materials
act as functional estrogens in vivo.
Discussion and conclusions Our results demonstrate a widespread contamination of mineral water with xenoestrogens that partly originates from compounds
leaching from the plastic packaging material. These substances possess potent estrogenic activity in vivo in a molluskan sentinel.
Overall, the results indicate that a broader range of foodstuff may be contaminated with endocrine disruptors when packed
in plastics. 相似文献
346.
Michael Zettlitzer Fabian Moeller Daria Morozova Peter Lokay Hilke Würdemann the COSINK Group 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(6):952-959
The onshore CO2-storage site Ketzin consists of one CO2-injection well and two observation wells. Hydraulic tests revealed permeabilities between 50 and 100 mD for the sandstone rock units. The designated injection well Ktzi 201 showed similar production permeability. After installation of the CO2-injection string, an injection test with water yielded a significantly lower injectivity of 0.002 m3/d kPa, while the observation wells showed an injection permeability in the same range as the productivity. Several possible reasons for the severe decline in injectivity are discussed. Acidification of the reservoir interval, injection at high wellhead pressure, controlled mini-fractures and back-production of the well are discussed to remove the plugging material to re-establish the required injectivity of the well. It has been decided to perform a nitrogen lift and analyse the back-produced fluids. Initially during the lift, the back-produced fluids were dark-black. Chemical and XRD analyses proved that the black solids consisted mainly of iron sulphide. Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were detected in fluid samples with up to 106 cells/ml by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) indicating that the formation of iron sulphide was caused by bacterial activity. Organic compounds within the drilling mud and other technical fluids were likely left during the well completion process, thus providing the energy source for strong proliferation of bacteria. During the lift, the fraction of SRB in the whole bacterial community decreased from approximately 32% in downhole samples to less than 5%. The lift of Ktzi 201 succeeded in the full restoration of the well productivity and injectivity. Additionally, the likely energy source of the SRB was largely removed by the lifting, thus ensuring the long-term preservation of the injectivity. 相似文献
347.
Marco Vervliet-Scheebaum Alain Straus Mick Hamer Edgar Wagner 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(2):615-623
This study evaluates the effects of the triazine herbicide simazine in an outdoor pond microcosm test system that contained two submerged rooted species (Myriophyllum spicatum and Elodea canadensis) and two emergent rooted species (Persicaria amphibia and Glyceria maxima) over a period of 84 days. Simazine was applied to the microcosms at nominal concentrations of 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L. General biological endpoints and physiological endpoints were used to evaluate herbicide toxicity on macrophytes and the algae developing naturally in the system.Concentration-related responses of macrophytes and algae were obtained for the endpoints selected, resulting in a no observed ecologically adverse effect concentration (NOEAEC) at simazine concentrations of 0.05 mg active ingredient/L after 84 days. E. canadensis was the most negatively affected species based on length increase, which was consistently a very sensitive parameter for all macrophytes. The experimental design presented might constitute a suitable alternative to conventional laboratory single-species testing. 相似文献
348.
Decimal reduction times (DRT or D-value) of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica (formerly Salmonella choleraesuis) serovar Senftenberg, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes were determined in two different matrices, diluted fermenter sludge (DFS) and 0.95% NaCl-solution (NaCl) at 50 degrees C, both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Depending on aeration, matrix composition, and the respective organism, the D-values varied between 10min and more than 15h. Generally the viability of bacteria decreased faster in DFS compared to NaCl-solution and under aerobic compared to anaerobic conditions. After 24h no viable cells could be detected in DFS, both under aerobic as well as under anaerobic conditions, whereas viable cells were still found in NaCl solutions. In both matrices the detection limits determined by means of PCR-based and classical microbiological methods were compared and pointed to lower detection limits of the latter methods. Results of the present investigation show that test organisms were far from surviving several days in DFS whereas hydraulic retention times normally used for thermophilic anaerobic digestion are in the range of 2 weeks. However, an underestimation of survival rates of the test organisms seems probable when applying aerobic standard methods. 相似文献
349.
350.
This paper argues that interdisciplinary collaboration between the sciences, the arts/humanities and engineering will provide innovative responses to important changes in our natural environment. Specifically, it will introduce ??Images of Nature??, a case study on creative collaboration and a multi-level research project at Purdue University, headed by Prof. Shannon McMullen and Prof. Fabian Winkler. By bringing together scientists, engineers and artists, ??Images of Nature?? aims to convey the significance of new understandings of nature in images and tangible artifacts (e.g., data visualization, functional devices, generative and kinetic installations) for the public. It is our hope that this project will be the starting point for a flexible network connecting science, engineering and the arts on Purdue??s West Lafayette campus to enrich STEM education and provide a local model for STE(A)M (STEM disciplines plus Art), which emphasizes creativity and innovation; critical thinking and problem solving; flexibility and adaptability; cross-disciplinary communication and collaboration in the context of our changing natural environment. 相似文献