Using water-based drilling cuttings from shale gas development to manufacture sintered bricks: a case study in the southern Sichuan Basin,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Large amounts of water-based drilling cuttings (WDC) would be generated during the drilling of shale gas wells, which would occupy land resources and...     

Multi-templates surface molecularly imprinted polymer for simultaneous and rapid determination of sulfonamides and quinolones in water: effect of carbon-carbon double bond

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the effect of a carrier modified with a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) on preparing multi-templates surface molecularly imprinted...     

Antibiotic accumulation,growth performance,intestinal diversification,and function of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed by diets supplemented with different doses of sulfamethoxazole

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To comprehensively investigate the effects of exposure to legal doses of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), fishes were...     

新疆若羌县绿洲带地下水重金属来源解析及健康风险评价

为了解新疆若羌县地下水中重金属元素的污染程度及其来源并评价其对人类健康的危害.对采集的51组地下水样品中7种金属元素（As、Cd、Mn、Cu、Fe、Ni、和Pb）进行分析,运用多元统计分析和综合污染评价法了解7种元素的分布状况和污染特征,结合PMF源解析模型和健康风险评价模型分别揭示了若羌县地下水中金属元素的来源和健康风险.结果表明：(1)研究区地下水金属元素平均含量排序为：Fe>Ni>Mn>Cd>Cu>As>Pb,地下水中除Cu外,其他元素含量均值均高于地下水质量标准（GB/T 14848-2017）Ⅲ类水标准限值.(2)研究区地下水受到As、Cd、Mn、Fe和Ni的不同程度污染,其中Mn和Fe污染较为严重,呈面状分布,无Cu、Pb污染.(3)PMF源解析结果表明,As污染来源于矿物溶解;Cd和Ni污染受地质环境和农业活动的双重影响;Fe、Mn污染主要受自然因素影响;Pb、Cu主要来源为交通活动.(4)健康风险评价结果表明,饮用途径暴露的健康风险高于皮肤入渗途径且成人的健康风险高于儿童.非致癌健康风险（HI）主要由As、Cd和Ni经饮用途径引起.由...     

许家窑-侯家窑遗址年代学研究进展

人类的起源与演化一直是考古学及其他学科研究的重点。泥河湾盆地,是我国古人类文化的重要组成部分,在泥河湾盆地的许家窑-侯家窑遗址,正处于现代人起源、扩散的关键时期,为解决我国甚至东亚的现代人起源问题具有举足轻重的作用。前人对遗址进行过多次系统挖掘,开展了一系列不同方法的年代学工作,然而其文化层年代却有较大的争议。本文对许家窑-侯家窑遗址文化层的年代进行系统总结,通过对前人用不同测年方法获得年代进行综合对比。结果表明：不同方法测定的许家窑-侯家窑遗址文化层的年代差距过大,难以确定文化层的年代。许家窑-侯家窑遗址文化层的年代的不确定,严重影响了众多学者对于我国现代人起源的进一步研究。年代测量方法虽然众多,但是不同测年方法,有着不同的测年区间,因此后期需要根据许家窑-侯家窑遗址的年代区间来选择适合的测量方法,并使用不同材料来进行对比分析获得最为准确的年代。     

大气环流型对珠三角2015～2020年臭氧变化的影响

基于2015～2020年的珠三角臭氧(O₃)日最大8 h浓度平均值[MDA8 O₃,ρ(O₃-8h)]的观测数据和气象再分析数据,运用Lamb-Jenkinson天气分型法(LWTs)分析不同大气环流型的特征并定量其对MDA8 O₃年际变化的贡献.结果表明,珠三角发生的18种天气型中ASW型更容易出现O₃污染现象,而NE型会导致更严重的O₃污染.根据850 hPa风场的风向变化及中心系统的不同位置将18种天气类型合并为5个天气类别来探讨不同天气型的O₃生成机制,发现ρ(O₃-8h)高的天气类别为N-E-S方向类别[(161±68)μg·m^-3]和A类别[(122±39)μg·m^-3],二者ρ(O₃-8h)与日最高气温和太阳净辐射量都呈显著正相关.N-E-S方向类别为秋季主导大气环流型,而A类别多发生在春季,其中春季珠三角发生的90%O_3<...     

“2+26”城市秋冬季大气污染治理措施效果评估

针对京津冀及周边"2+26"城市秋冬季不同大气污染治理措施的减排量进行核算,结果表明,2017~2018年秋冬季"2+26"城市SO₂,NO_x,VOCs,PM_2.5和PM₁₀的总减排量分别为43.26,20.63,18.36,28.00和47.31万t,2018~2019年秋冬季"2+26"城市SO₂,NO_x,VOCs,PM_2.5和PM₁₀的总减排量分别为16.68,18.11,11.03,17.04和25.33万t.基于此,采用CAMx模型对各项措施的减排效果进行模拟评估,采取措施后,2017~2018年秋冬季"2+26"城市SO₂,NO_x,PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度的平均下降量（下降率）分别为22.69μg/m³（42.67%）,33.22μg/m³（37.81%）,24.28μg/m³（22.58%）和31.26μg/m³（18.67%）,2018~2019年秋冬季"2+26"城市SO₂,NO_x,PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度的平均下降量（下降率）分别为9.36μg/m³（26.86%）,25.73μg/m³（30.62%）,16.38μg/m³（16.09%）和20.43μg/m³（12.33%）.2017~2018年秋冬季各项措施对PM_2.5浓度的平均减排效率排序依次为："散乱污"企业治理 > 交通运输结构调整 > 企业错峰生产 > 民用散煤替代 > 燃煤锅炉综合整治,2018~2019年秋冬季各项措施对PM_2.5浓度的平均减排效率排序依次为：重点行业升级改造 > 企业错峰生产 > "散乱污"企业治理 > 交通运输结构调整 > 民用散煤替代 > 燃煤锅炉综合整治.     

中国县域肉类生产的时空演变及影响因素

随着人均收入的增加和城镇化的推进,促进了居民肉类消费增加。厘清肉类生产格局的变化对肉类可持续供给具有重要意义。基于中国县域视角,以2000—2016年的肉类产量数据为基础,运用标准差椭圆、空间自相关、地理探测器等方法,揭示我国肉类生产的时空演变规律及其影响因素。结果表明:（1）2000—2016年的全国肉类产量呈增加态势,增幅为43.5%,不同区域肉类产量差异较大。（2）全国肉类高产县数量增加显著,范围扩大,空间上呈条带状集聚特点,重心整体北移;其生产的集聚特征显著且相对稳定,但局部表现出一定差异。（3）自然资源禀赋、社会经济及农业技术在不同阶段都影响肉类生产空间格局的演变。粮食产量和第一产业增加值是主要因素,农业机械总动力影响逐年增大,不同因子间的交互作用会强化肉类生产空间分异的效果。     

Volatile organic compounds concentration profiles and control strategy in container manufacturing industry: Case studies in China

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), important precursors of ozone (O₃) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), are the key to curb the momentum of O₃ growth and further reducing PM_2.5 in China. Container manufacturing industry is one of the major VOC emitters, and more than 96% containers of the world are produced in China, with the annual usage of coatings of over 200,000 tons in recent years. This is the first research on the emission characteristics of VOCs in Chinese container manufacturing industry, including concentration and ozone formation potential (OFP) of each species. The result shows that the largest amounts of VOCs are emitted during the pretreatment process, followed by the paint mixing process and primer painting process, and finally other sprays process. The average VOC concentrations in the workshops, the exhausts before treatment and the exhausts after treatment are ranging from 82.67–797.46 , 170–1,812.65 , 66.20–349.63 mg/m³, respectively. Benzenes, alcohols and ethers are main species, which contribute more than 90% OFP together. Based on the emission characteristics of VOCs and the technical feasibility, it is recommended to set the emission limit in standard of benzene to 1.0 mg/m³, toluene to 10 mg/m³, xylene to 20 mg/m³, benzenes to 40 mg/m³, alcohols and ethers to 50 mg/m³, and VOCs to 100 mg/m³. The study reports the industry emission characteristics and discusses the standard limits, which is a powerful support to promote VOCs emission reduction, and to promote the coordinated control of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution.     

Response of PM2.5-bound elemental species to emission variations and associated health risk assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic in a coastal megacity

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is disrupting the world from many aspects. In this study, the impact of emission variations on PM_2.5-bound elemental species and health risks associated to inhalation exposure has been analyzed based on real-time measurements at a remote coastal site in Shanghai during the pandemic. Most trace elemental species decreased significantly and displayed almost no diel peaks during the lockdown. After the lockdown, they rebounded rapidly, of which V and Ni even exceeded the levels before the lockdown, suggesting the recovery of both inland and shipping activities. Five sources were identified based on receptor modeling. Coal combustion accounted for more than 70% of the measured elemental concentrations before and during the lockdown. Shipping emissions, fugitive/mineral dust, and waste incineration all showed elevated contributions after the lockdown. The total non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) for the target elements exceeded the risk threshold for both children and adults with chloride as the predominant species contributing to HQ. Whereas, the total carcinogenic risk (TR) for adults was above the acceptable level and much higher than that for children. Waste incineration was the largest contributor to HQ, while manufacture processing and coal combustion were the main sources of TR. Lockdown control measures were beneficial for lowering the carcinogenic risk while unexpectedly increased the non-carcinogenic risk. From the perspective of health effects, priorities of control measures should be given to waste incineration, manufacture processing, and coal combustion. A balanced way should be reached between both lowering the levels of air pollutants and their health risks.