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Francesca R. Grati Francesca Malvestiti Beatrice Grimi Elisa Gaetani Anna Maria Di Meco Anna Trotta Rosaria Liuti Sara Chinetti Francesca Dulcetti Anna Maria Ruggeri Cristina Agrati Giuditta Frascoli Silvia Milani Simona De Toffol Lorenza Martinoni Silvia Paganini Livia Marcato Federico Maggi Giuseppe Simoni 《黑龙江环境通报》2013,33(5):502-508
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Second trimester amniocentesis has traditionally been utilized for prenatal genetic diagnosis. Chorionic villi sampling (CVS) is presently offered as an alternative. The occurrence of fetomaternal bleed (FMB) during CVS could increase the rate of post sampling abortion and, additionally, be of significance in patients at risk for isoimmunization. Detection and quantitation of FMB can be accomplished by the determination of changes in maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) before and after CVS. 相似文献
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Measurements of Benzo (a) Pyrene deposited on glass fiber filters exposed to solar radiation indicate a time dependent exponential decrease. Possible impl cations of this phenomenon in the measurements of B(a)P in particulate samples are discussed. 相似文献
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Identification of policies for a sustainable legal trade in rhinoceros horn based on population projection and socioeconomic models 下载免费PDF全文
Enrico Di Minin Jussi Laitila Federico Montesino‐Pouzols Nigel Leader‐Williams Rob Slotow Peter S. Goodman Anthony J. Conway Atte Moilanen 《Conservation biology》2015,29(2):545-555
Between 1990 and 2007, 15 southern white (Ceratotherium simum simum) and black (Diceros bicornis) rhinoceroses on average were killed illegally every year in South Africa. Since 2007 illegal killing of southern white rhinoceros for their horn has escalated to >950 individuals/year in 2013. We conducted an ecological–economic analysis to determine whether a legal trade in southern white rhinoceros horn could facilitate rhinoceros protection. Generalized linear models were used to examine the socioeconomic drivers of poaching, based on data collected from 1990 to 2013, and to project the total number of rhinoceroses likely to be illegally killed from 2014 to 2023. Rhinoceros population dynamics were then modeled under 8 different policy scenarios that could be implemented to control poaching. We also estimated the economic costs and benefits of each scenario under enhanced enforcement only and a legal trade in rhinoceros horn and used a decision support framework to rank the scenarios with the objective of maintaining the rhinoceros population above its current size while generating profit for local stakeholders. The southern white rhinoceros population was predicted to go extinct in the wild <20 years under present management. The optimal scenario to maintain the rhinoceros population above its current size was to provide a medium increase in antipoaching effort and to increase the monetary fine on conviction. Without legalizing the trade, implementing such a scenario would require covering costs equal to approximately $147,000,000/year. With a legal trade in rhinoceros horn, the conservation enterprise could potentially make a profit of $717,000,000/year. We believe the 35‐year‐old ban on rhinoceros horn products should not be lifted unless the money generated from trade is reinvested in improved protection of the rhinoceros population. Because current protection efforts seem to be failing, it is time to evaluate, discuss, and test alternatives to the present policy. 相似文献
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Marc Russell John Rogers Stephen Jordan Darrin Dantin James Harvey Janet Nestlerode Federico Alvarez 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2011,15(4):647-658
The Tampa Bay Ecosystem Services Demonstration Project (TBESDP) is part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Ecosystem
Services Research Program. The principal objectives of TBESDP are to (1) quantify the ecosystem services of the Tampa Bay
watershed, (2) determine the value of ecosystem services to society, (3) predict the supply of ecosystem services under future
scenarios of population growth and climate change, and (4) apply this knowledge through models and tools that will support
the best informed environmental decisions possible. The scope and complexity of this project required intensive effort to
establish which services can be quantified by applying existing models, data, and scientific literature and which services
will require supporting research. Research priorities were assessed by: (1) developing and refining conceptual models of major
ecosystems in the Tampa Bay region, (2) gathering input from stakeholders about the relative importance and values of various
ecosystem services, (3) preparing and reviewing a bibliometric analysis of the volume of scientific literature relevant to
the ecosystems and services of interest, and (4) evaluating an integrated analysis of importance, value, and availability
of scientific information. This analysis led us to focus on two research priorities, seagrass-habitat functions as support
for fishery production, and wetlands as regulators of water quality. 相似文献