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531.
采用O3/H2O2法去除水中丁基黄药,考察了H2O2/O3摩尔比、pH值、丁基黄药初始浓度、温度和自由基抑制剂对丁基黄药的去除效果的影响。结果表明,在相同O3投加量下,H2O2量越大,丁基黄药去除率越高。pH值为7~9,温度在293~303 K的范围内,O3/H2O2对丁基黄药都有很高的去除率。碳酸氢根和叔丁醇能在一定程度上降低丁基黄药的降解效率。研究还发现,在O3和H2O2投加量相同的条件下,H2O2多次投加对水中丁基黄药的处理效果明显优于一次性投加。GC/MS分析表明,O3/H2O2氧化丁基黄药氧化产物为羧酸类物质。 相似文献
532.
通过对反渗透装置初次化学清洗时进水水质、运行情况、反渗透系统进水端和浓水端情况、保安过滤器滤芯情况分析,确定造成膜污染的主要原因,并针对这些原因采取化学清洗、运行管理等一定措施。措施实施后:反渗透运行周期均有所增加,特别是1#反渗透装置,运行周期增至2 414h,达到健康运行要求。 相似文献
533.
耐盐石油降解菌性能及降解条件优化 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
从冀东油田钻井废液中筛选分离出耐盐石油降解菌Virgibacillus sp.(简称SJ菌),其在高含盐条件下对石油具有较好的降解效果,高达56.12%左右。考察了pH值、盐度、不同N和P形态等因素对SJ菌降解石油效果的影响。结果表明:SJ菌有较宽的pH值适应范围(pH值为6~10)和较好的耐盐能力(0.5%~20%),在pH值为9及NaCl质量浓度为5%时对石油类降解效果最好,其最佳利用N源和P源分别为(NH2)2CO和KH2PO4,该研究为油田高含盐含油废液处理提供了一条新途径。 相似文献
534.
以高温碱熔融处理粉煤灰合成了NaX型沸石分子筛,考察了不同水热晶化温度对产物结果的影响,用粉末XRD、XRF、SEM和FT-IR等手段对产品进行了表征,结果表明,以粉煤灰为原料用水热合成法合成微孔分子筛时,在晶化温度为90℃时能得到晶形较好的NaX型分子筛。同时考察了NaX分子筛的用量、时间和pH值等因素对Fe2+离子的吸附影响,在25 mL Fe2+离子浓度为2×103 mg/L的溶液中,当吸附剂用量为0.2 g,吸附时间为2 h,吸附效率达到最大值(36.41%),而随着溶液pH值的升高其吸附效率显著增大。 相似文献
535.
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537.
In this work, a two-step method for the extraction of pectin and cellulose fiber from mulberry branch bark, a by-product of
sericultural industry, was described. The method was based on the acid extraction of pectin and subsequently alkali treatment
for obtaining cellulose fibers. The obtained pectin was high purity with the total galacturonic acid content of 85.46% ± 2.76%
and the degree of esterification of 71.13% ± 1.67%. The chemical composition analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and TG analysis
were used to characterize the cellulose fiber at different processing stages. After the two-step chemical process, the cellulose
content was increased from 37.38% in original bark to 92.60% in cellulose fiber. The FTIR spectra revealed the removal of
pectin, hemicelluloses and lignin from the bark by acid extraction and alkali treatment. The XRD and TG results indicated
that the obtained cellulose fibers were with the increased crystallinity and thermal stability, whose crystallinity and degradation
temperature were 86.36% ± 5.56% and 355 °C, respectively. This work may provide a new approach for high utilization of mulberry
branch bark. 相似文献
538.
Tian H 《Chemosphere》2011,83(3):349-355
A sensitive method for determination of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin and 29 pesticides residues in bovine milk by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was developed. Residues of the targets were extracted from milk with acetonitrile, cleaned up by C18-SPE cartridge, and then determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The MS detection was operated in positive or negative ionization mode, depending on the compounds. For confirmation of each target compound, two precursor ion > product ion transitions were selected by multi-reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The method showed good linearity for all the tested compounds over the studied concentration range with correlation coefficient higher than 0.9910. Recoveries for the studied compounds at three spiked levels (0.05, 0.10, 0.19 mg kg−1) in bovine milk were in the range of 71-107% with RSDs not larger than 13.7%, except that recoveries of trifluralin ranged between 62% and 70% at the spiked levels. Limits of quantitation for the analytes were estimated to range between 0.03 × 10−3 and 14.5 × 10−3 mg kg−1. The proposed method was applied for the determination of the analytes residues in real samples. The found levels of the analytes in milk samples were lower than maximum residues levels (MRL). 相似文献
539.
With the fast development of nanotechnology, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) will inevitably be introduced into the various environment. Increasing studies showed the toxiccity of various ENMs, which raises concerns over their fate and transport in the environment. This review focuses on advances in the research on environmental transport and fate of ENMs. Aggregation and suspension behaviors of ENMs determining their fate and transport in aqueous environment are discussed, with emphasis on the influencing factors, including natural colloids, natural organic matter, pH, and ionic strength. Studies on the transport of ENMs in porous media and its influencing factors are reviewed, and transformation and organismcleansing, as two fate routes of ENMs in the environment, are addressed. Future research directions and outlook in the environmental transport and fate of ENMs are also presented. 相似文献
540.
聚羟基烷酸(PHA)是微生物在不平衡营养条件下贮存的一种胞内聚合物,限磷和限氮两种方式均有助于活性污泥中的混合菌群合成PHA,研究考察了两种不同方式下活性污泥合成PHA的情况。实验结果表明,当C:N为125时,活性污泥中PHA的合成量达到细胞干重的59%;当c:P为750时,活性污泥积累的最大PHA含量占细胞干重的37%,说明限氮和限磷两种方式对活性污泥合成PHA均有很大影响,且限氮方式更有效。 相似文献