几种常用屋顶绿化植物的耐热性评价

耐热性足屋顶绿化植物必备的指标之一.试验采用盆栽法,选择佛甲草、沿阶草、高羊茅、白三叶4种屋顶绿化常用植物,研究了在高温胁迫条件下植株的形态特征、脯氨酸含量、超氧岐化酶含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量.结果表明:所有参试植物的生长和生理指标都随热胁迫的程度而变化,但植物之间差异显著.其耐热性强弱顺序为:佛甲草...     

国Ⅲ柴油公交车尾气排放实际道路测试研究

应用车载式尾气排放测试设备对北京国Ⅲ排放标准的柴油公交车在实际道路上的尾气排放特征进行了实测研究,测试时间为10 552 s,行驶里程达到61.97 km,共获得10 552组有效数据,测试数据能够反映车辆在实际道路上的排放特征。车辆在实际道路上尾气排放NOx、CO、THC和PM的排放因子分别为14.12±2.54g/km、8.04±2.51 g/km、0.158±0.022 g/km和3.16±1.73 g/km。研究结果表明,油耗及污染物排放与各行驶工况下的速度、加速度均密切相关,车辆在高速加速行驶状态下易产生高的排放速率。车速小于10 km/h时排放因子远大于车速较快时的排放因子,车辆在加速时的排放因子最大,减速时最小。车辆在30 km/h～50 km/h速度区间内等速行驶时,油耗与排放因子最为经济且环境友好。测试车辆排放的颗粒形态主要集中在累积模式,属于纳米或超细微粒。     

沙层应变观测特征的初步研究

沙层应变观测是一个全新的前兆观测,目前对它的研究还非常少,用淮安台、怀来台及合肥台的数据进行了对比,通过日变化特征、长期变化特征、年变化特征、干扰因素及噪声分析几个方面,从而对该观测手段进行更进一步的分析。     

洋山深水港海域水环境的周年变化

洋山深水港是上海国际航运中心的枢纽港,港口建设及外来船舶增加将对洋山深水港海域的水环境产生重要影响,因此,有必要对洋山深水港海域的水环境特征进行调研.2008年对洋山深水港海域的水环境因子进行了周年的调查研究.方差分析结果表明,洋山深水港海域表层水温、溶解氧、pH、盐度、电导率及悬浮物含量均存在明显的季节性变化(p < 0.01),季风和海流在洋山深水港海域水环境变化中具有重要的作用.相关分析结果显示,悬浮物含量与盐度之间没有显著相关性,长江口外泄泥沙的直接扩散,对洋山海区水体含沙量的影响较小,洋山深水港海域含沙量的大小,主要取决于波浪、潮汐及海流对当地浅滩的掀扬及输送.     

气氛对快速催化热解生物质的影响

通过测定两种气氛下(氮气和二氧化碳)的催化热解(HZSM-5为催化剂)的产率,并利用气质联用仪(GC/MS)分析热解油的成分,研究这两种热解气氛对快速催化热解生物质(玉米杆)的产率和液体产物的影响差异。结果表明:改变热解气氛对结果产生明显影响,CO2气氛对催化热解不利,该气氛下的固液气产率分别为30.30%,37.89%,31.81%,CO2促使快速催化热解的液体产量降低,促进水相产物的生成。对催化热解油的分析发现CO2气氛抑制了HZSM-5的去氧和芳香化催化作用,同时促进稠环芳烃的生成,使产物结构复杂化。     

矿物质对污水污泥微波热解过程中NOx前驱物的影响研究

以酸洗脱灰污泥、原污泥及添加矿物质的污泥作为研究对象,考察了污泥中内在矿物质和添加矿物质对污水污泥微波热解过程中形成的NOx前驱物(NH3、HCN)释放的影响。结果表明:污水污泥中的内在矿物质和添加物在污水污泥微波热解过程中,对NH3和HCN的释放均有抑制作用:添加Fe2O3对NH3的抑制平均值为45%,添加CaO对HCN的抑制平均值可达79%。     

在线恶臭电子鼻在臭气浓度监测中的应用

主要介绍了在线恶臭电子鼻的原理、优势、缺点以及主要应用。     

国内外可持续发展区域指标与实例研究

可持续发展指标体系可以用来衡量城市或区域发展与资源环境协调性。本文在文献调研的基础上,总结了国外可持续发展指标体系,并对国外发展指标与国内进行了对比,具体包括城市发展指标和环境可持续发展指标。可以对国内可持续发展指标评价研究提供参考依据。     

高速公路清洁生产指标体系的构建

目前中国高速公路建设没有相应的清洁生产标准,因而高速公路建设缺乏有效的管理。根据高速公路的建设特点和清洁生产的要求,从"全过程管理"、"污染预防"、"环境影响最小化"的角度构建高速公路清洁生产指标体系,同时对指标进行了初步分析,以期减少高速公路的建设对环境的影响,从而实现"两型社会"的目标。     

Relationship between herbaceous community distribution and soil environmental factors in the riparian zone of the Baiyangdian River Basin北大核心CSCD

Riparian zone vegetation is an important part of the riparian ecosystem and plays an important role in the riparian zone functioning. Herbs, which are one of the main types of riparian vegetation, are extremely sensitive to environmental changes and human activities and have become a hot spot of riparian vegetation research. In this study, the herbaceous communities of four representative rivers (Xiaoyi, Baohe, Fuhe, and Baigouyin River) entering Baiyangdian Lake in China were researched. The herbaceous species in their riparian zones were systematically investigated using the sample plot method. The Shannon-Wiener diversity (H’), Pielou evenness (J), and Patrick richness (R) indices were estimated to examine the species composition and diversity of the herb communities, following which redundancy analysis (RDA) was conducted. The relationship between species diversity, distribution patterns of herbaceous plant communities, and soil environmental factors in the riparian zone of the four rivers is discussed. (1) Eighty-three species of herbaceous plants belonging to 66 genera and 27 families in the riparian zone entering Baiyangdian Lake. Most herbaceous plants, including Poaceae, Compositae, and Chenopodiaceae, were weeds or associated plants. Riparian vegetation was greatly affected by human disturbance. (2) All the three estimated indices of the Xiaoyi, Baigouyin, and Fuhe rivers were better than those of the Baohe River. (3) The vegetation coverage and species diversity of riparian herbaceous communities were positively correlated with soil organic matter and water content but negatively correlated with pH, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Therefore, these communities are conducive to the restoration of vegetation and the stability of biodiversity in the riparian core area to reduce the disturbance of human activities and increase humidity. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.