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601.
生态资本与经济增长模型研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
改革开放以来,中国依靠“高投入-高消耗”的发展模式,保持了20多年的经济高速增长。但由于长期忽视生态因素,导致了日益严重的生态破坏。为了建设和谐社会,如何将生态资本引入经济增长模型,并突出其在经济增长中的重要地位已成为当务之急。在综合分析大量文献的基础上,理清了生态资本的概念和特征。选择了合适的经济增长模型,并将生态资本作为内生变量嵌入其中,构建了新的模型。依据新模型,进一步分析了生态资本与经济增长之间的关系,并提出了相关的政策建议。 相似文献
602.
603.
604.
A self-design bioreactor system employing a fixed bed operation process with immobilized Bacillus subtilis AYC beads for NH4
+-N
removal from slightly polluted water was proposed. Polyvinyl alcohol and Na-alginate were used as a gel matrix to entrap Bacillus
subtilis AYC to form the immobilized beads. The NH4
+-N removal process was studied in a intermittent operation mode to examine
the start-up and steady state behaviors of the immobilized AYC in the reactor. The results indicated that the reactor was in the start-up
state during the first week. NH4
+-N began to be steadily removal since the second week, and the nitrogen removal rate was between
84.61% and 96.19% when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 30 min. To apply Bacillus subtilis AYC to develop a practical
nitrogen removal system and further understand its nitrogen removal ability, the bioreactor was continuously operated under different
experimental perameters. The results showed that under the optimum conditions of an HRT of 20 min and DO of 3.77–5.80 mg/L,
the NH4
+-N removal rate reached 99.55%. The NH4
+-N removal rate increased as the C/N ratio increased. However, a high C/N may
cause a high residual carbon level in the effluent, therefore, the most suitable C/N ratio was 10. In addition, the results showed that
the bioreactor system could remove many types of nitrogen such as NH4
+-N, NO3??-N and organic-N, and had a good performance for
inorganic nitrogen removal from sewage. 相似文献
605.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in chicken tissues and eggs from an electronic
waste recycling area in southeast China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Xiaofei Qin Zhanfen Qin Yan Li Yaxian Zhao Xijuan Xi Shishuai Yan Mi Tian Xingru Zhao Xiaobai Xu Yongjian Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(1):133-138
The levels and distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in chicken tissues from an electronic waste (e-waste)
recycling area in southeast China were investigated. Human dietary intake by local residents via chicken muscle and eggs was estimated.
The mean PBDEs concentrations in tissues ranged from 15.2 to 3138.1 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and in egg the concentration was 563.5
ng/g lw. The results showed that the level of total PBDEs (PPBDEs) in the chicken tissue was 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than
those reported in the literature. The large di erence of PPBDEs concentrations between tissues confirmed that the distribution of
PBDEs in tissues depend on tissue-specificity rather than the “lipid-compartment”. BDE-209 was the predominant congener (82.5%–
94.7% of PPBDEs) in all chicken tissues except in brain (34.7% of PPBDEs), which indicated that deca-BDE (the major commercial
PBDE formulation comprising 65%–70% of total production) was major pollution source in this area and could be bioaccumulated in
terrestrial animals. The dietary PBDEs intake of the local residents from chicken muscle and egg, assuming only local bred chickens
and eggs were consumed, ranged from 2.2 to 22.5 ng/(day kg body weight (bw)) with a mean value of 13.5 ng/(day kg bw), which was
one order of magnitude higher than the value reported in previous studies for consumption of all foodstu s. 相似文献
606.
Phosphorus is the restrictive factor of water eutrophication and phosphorus removal is the key point to control this phenomenon. It's also important to recover phosphorus resource from wastewater. Crystallization method was used to treat and recycle high concentration phosphorus wastewater, the selection of organic solvent, influence of volume ratio of organic solvent and wastewater, precipitation time and stirring speed on the production of crystal and its structure was investigated. Experimental results indicate that, with ethanol as extractant, under the condition of volume ratio of ethanol to wastewater being 1.5:1 and stirring speed about 200 r/min, crystal precipitated fast with fine crystal shape and purity, phosphorus removal efficiency more than 85% was obtained. 相似文献
607.
608.
国Ⅲ柴油公交车尾气排放实际道路测试研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用车载式尾气排放测试设备对北京国Ⅲ排放标准的柴油公交车在实际道路上的尾气排放特征进行了实测研究,测试时间为10 552 s,行驶里程达到61.97 km,共获得10 552组有效数据,测试数据能够反映车辆在实际道路上的排放特征。车辆在实际道路上尾气排放NOx、CO、THC和PM的排放因子分别为14.12±2.54g/km、8.04±2.51 g/km、0.158±0.022 g/km和3.16±1.73 g/km。研究结果表明,油耗及污染物排放与各行驶工况下的速度、加速度均密切相关,车辆在高速加速行驶状态下易产生高的排放速率。车速小于10 km/h时排放因子远大于车速较快时的排放因子,车辆在加速时的排放因子最大,减速时最小。车辆在30 km/h~50 km/h速度区间内等速行驶时,油耗与排放因子最为经济且环境友好。测试车辆排放的颗粒形态主要集中在累积模式,属于纳米或超细微粒。 相似文献
609.
沙层应变观测是一个全新的前兆观测,目前对它的研究还非常少,用淮安台、怀来台及合肥台的数据进行了对比,通过日变化特征、长期变化特征、年变化特征、干扰因素及噪声分析几个方面,从而对该观测手段进行更进一步的分析。 相似文献
610.
洋山深水港海域水环境的周年变化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
洋山深水港是上海国际航运中心的枢纽港,港口建设及外来船舶增加将对洋山深水港海域的水环境产生重要影响,因此,有必要对洋山深水港海域的水环境特征进行调研.2008年对洋山深水港海域的水环境因子进行了周年的调查研究.方差分析结果表明,洋山深水港海域表层水温、溶解氧、pH、盐度、电导率及悬浮物含量均存在明显的季节性变化(p < 0.01),季风和海流在洋山深水港海域水环境变化中具有重要的作用.相关分析结果显示,悬浮物含量与盐度之间没有显著相关性,长江口外泄泥沙的直接扩散,对洋山海区水体含沙量的影响较小,洋山深水港海域含沙量的大小,主要取决于波浪、潮汐及海流对当地浅滩的掀扬及输送. 相似文献