Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their methoxylated metabolites in anchovy (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Coilia</Emphasis> sp.) from the Yangtze River Delta,China

Background, aim, and scope  

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites are toxic to animals, and concentrations of the PBDEs metabolites can exceed those of the parent materials. But no information was available on concentrations of PBDEs metabolites in the lower Yangtze River in the region around Jiangsu Province of China, which is heavily urbanized and industrialized area. The aims of this study were to determine whether PBDEs and their methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs) were accumulated in Coilia sp. in this area and to investigate the potential sources for these two kinds of brominated organic pollutants.     

A method of detecting carbonyl compounds in tree leaves in China

Background, aim, and scope  

Carbonyl compounds have been paid more and more attention because some carbonyl species have been proven to be carcinogenic or a risk for human health. Plant leaves are both an important emission source and an important sink of carbonyl compounds. But the research on carbonyl compounds from plant leaves is very scarce. In order to make an approach to the emission mechanism of plant leaves, a new method was established to extract carbonyl compounds from fresh plant leaves.     

维生素和酮苷生产废水中难降解污染物的溯源研究

研究了维生素和酮苷生产过程中各生产工段排水的生物降解特性,评价了各生产工段对生产废水中难降解有机物的贡献率,追溯了可能的难降解特征污染物。结果表明,维生素生产废水中的难降解物质主要来自W1-1、W1-3、W1-5和W1-6生产工段,甲醛、丁烯酮、醛酮聚合物和吡啶可能是导致生产废水难降解的重要原因;酮苷生产废水中的难降解物质主要来自W2-1、W2-3和W2-7生产工段,氯代有机溶剂和苯环类物质可能是导致生产废水难降解的重要原因。建议根据具体生产工段排水的水质特征,有针对性地进行物化处理,提高废水可生化性。     

莱特生物强化技术处理高浓度有机废水的中试

采用莱特生物强化技术(LTBR—Littoral BioReactor),对兰州石化公司化工园区高浓度有机废水进行了中试试验,进行了正常运行的常规标定、水量冲击标定、浓度冲击标定。结果表明:采用LTBR生物处理工艺,使用特效微生物和营养基质,可以在高COD、高含盐等不利条件下正常进行有机物降解,达到了必须将废水中的COD降至2000mg/L以下的试验要求,为处理高浓度有机化工废水的工程应用开辟了新思路。     

Atmospheric deposition of phthalate esters in a subtropical city

In Chinese cities, air pollution has become a serious and aggravating environmental problem undermining the sustainability of urban ecosystems and the quality of urban life. Bulk atmospheric deposition samples were collected two-weekly, from February 2007 to January 2008, at three representative areas, one suburban and two urbanized, in the subtropical city, Guangzhou, China, to assess the deposition fluxes and seasonal variations of phthalate esters (PAEs). Sixteen PAE congeners in bulk deposition samples were measured and the depositional fluxes of ∑₁₆PAEs ranged from 3.41 to 190 μg m^?2 day^?1, and were highly affected by local anthropogenic activities. The significant relationship between PAEs and particulate depositional fluxes (correlation coefficient R² = 0.72, P < 0.001) showed PAEs are associated primarily with particles. Temporal flux variations of PAEs were influenced by seasonal changes in meteorological parameters, and the deposition fluxes of PAEs were obviously higher in wet season than in dry season. Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) dominated the PAE pattern in bulk depositions, which is consistent with a high consumption of the plasticizer market in China. PAE profiles in bulk deposition showed similarities exhibited in both time and space, and a weak increase of high molecular weight PAE (HMW PAE) contribution in the wet season compared to those in the dry season. Average atmospheric deposition fluxes of PAEs in the present study were significantly higher than those from other studies, reflecting strong anthropogenic inputs as a consequence of rapid industrial and urban development in the region.     

New Development in Study of the Faustmann Optimal Forest Harvesting

Chinese forest resources have become very scarce in the face of rapid economic growth demand, while the reform of collective forest right system is in full swing across the country. It will directly affect the regeneration level of forest resources and the diverse ecological value functions. In this article, the mainstream model paradigm of forest economics, that is, the basic framework of the Faustmann model and its evolution process are made in a more detailed explanation, especially the extended model in...     

低SO_2氧化率脱硝催化剂的开发

介绍了SCR脱硝催化剂中V2O5对SO2的氧化及SO2氧化对脱硝催化剂及其下游设备的危害,分析了脱硝催化剂中V2O5对SO2氧化的原理和影响因素,探讨了低SO2氧化率脱硝催化剂开发方面的研究成果。     

区域分工与合作视角下区域产业同构问题及优化路径

区域间产业结构的同构与异构取决于在市场调节和宏观调控中生产要素的结构与流动特征,其特征量的相似性导致产业结构的同构,产业同构在一定时空条件下具有合意性。随着区域经济一体化进程的加快,其非合意性愈显突出。区域产业同构优化的本质动力在于生产要素结构及其流动特征量的变化,通过不同层级区域产业规划战略和区域间经济合作实现生产要素的合理组合与流动,以产业集群化之路实现区域产业结构的高级化,使区域产业结构朝着优化、持续方向发展。     

江苏省农业面源污染与经济增长关系的实证

运用基于VAR模型的脉冲响应函数和方差分解的方法,考察了江苏省1990-2007年农业面源污染与经济增长的动态演进关系。研究结果表明:①经济增长是影响江苏省农业面源污染的重要原因,农业面源污染的环境库兹涅茨曲线规律在一定程度上得到验证;②农业面源污染对江苏省经济增长的影响不明显,且具有一定滞后效应;③方差分解结果显示人均GDP是解释农业面源预测方差的重要变量,而农业面源污染对经济增长的预测方差贡献度则相对较小。因此,我们要充分关注江苏省经济快速增长对农业环境质量恶化所带来的负面影响。同时,为了充分体现农业面源污染对江苏省经济增长的反作用,其关键前提是必须要对农业面源污染所导致的负外部效应进行清晰的界定,以及建立一个有效、完善的农业资源配置、污染权的市场交易机制,以充分发挥资源约束和环境恶化对涉农微观经济主体投资、生产和消费行为的影响,进而对经济增长形成反作用。     

喀斯特生态治理区可持续发展能力评价——以贵州毕节鸭池、遵义龙坪、沿河淇滩示范区为例

为检验喀斯特生态治理区的治理效果,以贵州省毕节鸭池、遵义龙坪、沿河淇滩3个示范区为例,从资源承载力、环境支持力、人口发展与支持能力、经济发展能力、社会发展能力5个方面,选择45个单项指标,建立评价指标体系,采用“纵横向”拉开档次动态综合评价法,评价3个示范区2005、2007年的可持续发展能力。结果显示：空间上看,龙坪示范区的可持续发展能力最好,鸭池示范区次之,淇滩示范区最差;时间上对比,龙坪示范区和淇滩示范区的发展能力2007年比2005年有所提高,〖JP2〗鸭池示范区稍有退步。根据各示范区的主要人 地矛盾,提出控制人口、优化配置水土资源、加大林牧产业比重等对策,以提高其可持续发展能力,并为同类地区的可持续发展提供借鉴。