陕南农村冬季PM_(2.5)主要化学组分特征

通过对陕南农村冬季PM_(2.5)采样分析,获得PM_(2.5)质量浓度及主要化学组分特征。PM_(2.5)平均质量浓度为89.5±42.0μg·m~(-3),超过国家二级标准。观测期间PM_(2.5)中OC、EC浓度平均值分别为16.0±6.9μg·m~(-3)和5.7±3.2μg·m~(-3),OC/EC平均比值为3.0±0.4。主要水溶性离子组分为NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)和NH_4~+。粒子数浓度与表面积浓度峰值主要集中在0.5μm以下粒径段。PAHs、BeP和BaP平均质量浓度分别为48.9±10.9 ng·m~(-3)、3.0±0.9 ng·m~(-3)和1.2±0.7 ng·m~(-3),PAHs污染较严重,强致癌物BaP浓度超过国家环境空气质量标准年平均浓度限值。当地农村以石煤为主的能源结构及采用的燃烧方式是导致污染的重要因素。     

How China’s current energy pricing mechanisms will impact its marginal carbon abatement costs?

Economic and social costs and benefits are critical factors affecting greenhouse gas abatement activities. Recognizing that energy prices are one of the most important factors influencing abatement costs, this study improved the basic China Energy and Environmental Policy Analysis (CEEPA) model by introducing a current energy pricing mechanism for China. The improved model was applied to generate marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves for China including the current energy pricing mechanism and to analyze MACs for the whole country and main abatement sectors in China under different energy pricing mechanisms. The results show that China MACs are sensitive to pricing mechanisms for electricity and refined oil. Ignoring the current regulation of these prices will lead to MAC underestimation, and price liberalization of these two energy sources could lead to a decrease in China MACs. Under a 50 % emission reduction target, if the electricity price regulation is ignored, the China MAC is underestimated by almost 16 %. Energy pricing reforms will lead to variations in sectoral abatement costs and overall abatement potential, and these impacts are projected to be large in the electricity sector. Under a 50 % reduction target, if the electricity price regulation is liberalized, MAC for the electricity sector nearly will decrease 50 %.     

Comparison of using polyurethane foam passive samplers and tree bark samples from Western China to determine atmospheric organochlorine pesticide

Polyurethane foam(PUF)passive samplers were deployed and tree bark samples were collected at 15 sites across western China in 2013,and the organochlorine pesticide(OCP)concentrations in the samples were determined.Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its degradation products(collectively called DDTs),hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs),and hexachlorobenzene(HCB)were the dominant OCPs in the PUF samples and tree bark samples.The mean DDTs,HCHs and HCB concentrations were 33,22 and 18 ng/sample in the PUF samples,and 428,74,and 43 ng/(g lipid weight(lw))in the tree bark,respectively.The OCP concentrations in the air,calculated using PUF–air and tree-bark–air partitioning models,were of the same order of magnitude.Both sample types showed that relatively fresh inputs of DDT and HCHs to the environment have occurred in western China.Meanwhile,PUF passive samplers were compared with the use of tree bark samples as passive samplers.The OCP compositions in the PUF and tree bark samples were different.Only the relatively stable OCPs(such as HCB,β-HCH and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloro-ethylene(DDE))were consistent in the PUF and tree bark samples.     

磷酸铵镁沉淀法去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的实验研究

本试验采用磷酸铵镁沉淀法（MAP）处理垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮,采用MgCl2.6H2O和Na2HPO4.12H2O为沉淀剂,研究了该方法脱氮的主要影响因素并得出了最佳处理条件,即在室温条件时,pH值为10～10.5、反应摩尔比n（Mg2＋）：n（NH4＋）：n（PO43-）为1.2：1.0：0.9时,对于本试验中的垃圾渗滤液来说,为最佳反应条件,对氨氮的去除率可达到97%以上,达到国家杂用水水质标准中对氨氮的要求。     

气动热效应对某红外导引头影响分析

导弹高速飞行时所产生的气动热,将影响探测器正常成像质量,从而影响导弹的命中精度和导引头的作用距离.由于新型隔热材料的采用,气动热对导引头性能影响减小很多.采用ANSYS软件对某导弹的气动热效应进行仿真,为高速导弹气动性能分析及其环境失效研究提供参考.     

中国排污权交易体系模式及选择研究

实行污染物排污权交易是中国环境管理科学转变的必然。本文对最早且成功实施了排污权交易的美国交易模式进行了研究,分析了ERCs模式、EA模式、DERs模式的特点和优劣,并根据中国的实际和环境管理特点,提出逐步实行兼有行政管理和经济刺激的优点、具有现实应用可能和可操作性的排污削减信用模式(ERCs)的结果。     

工艺条件及消毒用液氯对饮用水中挥发性卤代烃含量影响的研究

近百年来,饮用水的净化一直采用着絮凝沉淀、过滤、加氯消毒这一工艺,它对有效     

发展中国工业旅游的思考

工业旅游在中国正逐渐兴起,工业已成为旅游开发的对象之一。本文阐述了工业旅游这一新概念,系统总结了工业旅游资源的特点,并探讨了我国工业旅游的基本模式及其发展前景展望     

660MW锅炉燃烧优化调整试验研究

针对某电厂1号锅炉燃烧器改造后锅炉结焦、飞灰及炉渣可燃物含量高、锅炉效率低等问题,在对锅炉结焦原因深入分析的基础.上,进行了燃烧优化调整试验。通过采取降低一次风压、降低煤粉细度等措施,炉内结焦得到了有效控制,飞灰、炉渣可燃物含量从10.37%、4.75%降低至2.99%、0.91%。结果表明:优化调整试验效果明显,煤粉细度、一次风速均可控在合适范围之内,锅炉效率显著提高,有效防止了炉内结焦现象的发生,提高了锅炉运行的安全性和经济性。     

Mechanism of complexation of toxic arsenate,selenate, and molybdate with hydrotalcites

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Wastewater from the uranium mining industry contains toxic arsenate (AsO43–), selenate (SeO42–), and molybdate (MoO42–) that can be removed by...