封闭式循环水养殖系统水处理效率及半滑舌鳎养殖效果分析

测定了封闭式循环水生产性半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)养殖系统和流水养殖系统各水处理单元水质指标以及鱼的生长、免疫和消化指标.结果表明,封闭式循环水养殖系统经过25 d的运行,生物滤池出水NH4+-N、NO2--N、PO34--P、COD及SS浓度显著低于养鱼池中NH4+-N、...     

基于Fluent的甲苯蓄热燃烧过程的数值模拟

利用Fluent软件对甲苯在蜂窝陶瓷蓄热体中的蓄热燃烧过程进行数值模拟研究,确定模拟计算所需的网格精度,并计算分析蓄热体孔道直径、燃烧温度、甲苯入口浓度、人口流速对甲苯转化率的影响.结果表明,在较高入口流速条件下,蓄热体孔道直径对甲苯转化率影响较大.随着燃烧温度的升高、甲苯入口浓度和人口流速的降低,甲苯转化率会增大.当...     

苯胺-2,4-二氨基酚共聚物对水中Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究

利用化学氧化法合成了苯胺-2,4-二氨基酚的共聚物,并通过静态吸附实验研究了该材料对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能.研究表明,该共聚物对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效果显著,该吸附过程为自发吸热反应,符合Langmuir单层吸附模型;其动力学行为符合准二级动力学方程.溶液pH值对吸附性能影响较大,pH 3～6范围内吸附效果较好.吸...     

卷式超滤膜在蓝藻收集中的应用

利用微孔滤布-卷式超滤膜组合工艺,构建蓝藻收集中试系统,用于处理高藻期富营养化水体。考察了高藻期该工艺的蓝藻收集效率、膜通量变化及膜污染状况。结果表明,该组合工艺在进水泵频率40 Hz,进水压力0.2 MPa的条件下,定期排蓝藻浓缩液实验和蓝藻连续浓缩实验的蓝藻截留率均能达到95%以上;6 d后定期排蓝藻浓缩液实验最低...     

新型混凝剂聚磷氯化铝铁的表征及应用

以FeCl3·6H2O、AlCl3·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O为主要原料,采用共聚工艺,制备了聚磷氯化铝铁(PPAFC)混凝剂.采用FTIR及SEM进行结构表征,推断磷酸根为与聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)接聚,而不是磷酸盐与PAFC之间简单的物理混合.实验结果表明,以PPAFC处理含油乳化液废水、造纸废水及受污染...     

新疆油田含油污泥特性研究

含油污泥是油田企业生产过程中的主要污染源之一,文章对原油处理系统及采出水处理系统的含油污泥进行了理化性质及成分的分析检测,结果表明:油田污泥中植物营养成分含量较低;重金属含量较低,低于GB4284-84《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》。通过对其特性的系统分析,发现油田污泥的一些共性,为其"减量化、资源化、无害化"提供了基础资料。     

建筑施工噪声污染投诉案件成因及防治对策

近年来,随着人们环境意识和对生活质量需求的提高,大中城市噪声问题投诉比例逐渐增高,其中主要投诉的是建筑施工噪声和噪声扰民问题。本文根据建筑施工特点,结合笔者从事执法工作的实践,对其投诉案件的成因及防治进行了比较系统的分析和讨论。     

PACT工艺处理PAM生产废水的实验研究

采用粉末活性炭活性污泥工艺(PACT)处理经凹凸棒土预处理后的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)生产废水。实验考察了粉末活性炭(PAC)的投加对活性污泥处理系统的影响,并探讨了PAC投加量、曝气时间、水力停留时间等参数对降解反应的影响。结果表明:PAC的投加能提高水中溶解氧的利用率,改善污泥沉降性能,增强活性污泥系统对有机物的去除效果;在PAC投加量500 mg/L、曝气10 h的条件下,PACT工艺对PAM生产废水的处理效果良好,COD的去除率为80.8%,BOD5去除率为83.8%,丙烯酰胺(AM)去除率为84.2%。     

Seasonal variation of levoglucosan in aerosols over the western North Pacific and its assessment as a biomass-burning tracer

Levoglucosan is considered as a useful molecular tracer of biomass-burning aerosols in the atmosphere. To characterize the seasonal variation of its concentrations over the Pacific Ocean and to assess its usefulness as a tracer after long-range transport, we investigated long-term variations of levoglucosan over Chichi-jima in the western North Pacific, from 2001 to 2004. Organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and d-glucose were analyzed for comparison. The seasonal variation of levoglucosan concentrations showed a maximum in the winter, which is consistent with the enhanced Asian outflow to the Pacific indicated by backward air-mass trajectories. The concentration levels of levoglucosan estimated from global aerosol model outputs in the winter are, on average, comparable to the observed levels, suggesting that a considerable fraction of levoglucosan did not decompose during long-range transport from the Asian continent by westerly/northwesterly winds. This result is supported by comparable ratios of levoglucosan to EC in Chichi-jima and the East Asian coastal region. Conversely, the measured concentrations of levoglucosan in the summer were significantly lower than the modeled one. This implies a degradation of levoglucosan in the air masses that stagnated over the Pacific, although uncertainties in the model estimate may also be partly responsible for this discrepancy. One possible degradation pathway is oxidation by OH radicals; the contribution of acid-catalyzed reactions needs further investigation.