化学法处理电镀废水的自动化控制应用

采用化学法自动控制处理含铬和含镍电镀废水,选择合适的化学药剂和pH、ORP控制参数,连续式处理电镀废水.运行结果表明:该工艺简单、处理效果良好、运行稳定、可操作性好、运行成本适中、能很好的适应水质的波动,处理后的水质完全符合排放标准.     

开发区生态系统健康研究─以苏州高新区为例

采用生态系统健康理论分析开发区生态环境问题具有较强的理论意义和现实意义。着重构建了开发区生态系统健康评价的指标体系和模糊评价模型,提出评价标准。并对苏州高新区生态系统健康进行评价。进而指出制约因子并提出相应的诊断方案,为其优化生态系统结构和完善系统功能提供科学依据。     

2016—2020年全国化工和危险化学品事故分析研究*

为分析“十三五”期间（2016—2020年）我国化工和危险化学品事故发生情况，统计“十三五”期间化工和危险化学品事故数量及死亡人数，从发生月份、发生区域、行业分布等方面分析事故特征，从事故类别、事故环节、关键作业等方面分析事故原因，总结2011—2020年我国化工和危险化学品事故发展趋势，按照全国4大经济区域研究2013—2020年事故特征。结果表明:“十三五”期间我国化工和危险化学品事故数量呈下降趋势，死亡人数出现波动，总体形势较为平稳。2011—2020年化工和危险化学品事故风险向中西部转移趋势明显，东北、西部地区事故死亡率普遍高于东部地区。研究结果可为相关行业从业者及监管部门提供决策参考。     

具有变频器的矿井低压漏电保护研究

为了解决移动变电站低压侧为变频器供电时漏电保护装置误动的问题，提出了基于傅式算法的附加直流原理漏电保护新方法。通过理论分析和MATLAB/Simulink仿真，研究了具有变频器的矿井低压供电系统附加直流原理漏电保护，提出由傅式算法分解出采样电压直流分量以反映电缆绝缘水平的保护方法；同时分析了其他因素对直流分量的影响。研究结果表明:变频器对传统附加直流保护整定值有较大影响，易造成漏电保护装置误动且无法实现电缆的在线绝缘监测；所提出的直流分量法能准确测量电缆对地绝缘电阻，且可消除电缆分布电容、变频器载波频率、变频器输出频率等其他因素的干扰；采用该漏电保护方法，可承受变频器投入时对采样电压造成的较大冲击，不必在启动期间解除漏电保护装置，能够消除在此期间存在的人身触电安全隐患。     

含阶梯结构的高层楼梯井内烟气湍流及输运特征量的全局敏感性分析

高层建筑竖井火灾中影响因素众多,并且各因素对高层楼梯井火灾中重要现象、关键数值等的影响大小不一,使得此类火灾中的实验或理论研究成本较高。通过建立全局敏感性分析平台,定量考察了高层楼梯井结构所涉及因素的影响大小,并能够方便地筛选掉对所考察量影响较小的因素,以降低实验或计算成本。使用数值模拟方法,通过CFD软件对包含阶梯几何框架的高层楼梯井结构火灾进行了共计60次工况计算。并且根据计算结果,使用全局参数敏感性分析方法,得出建筑尺寸、热释放速率、环境参数对高层楼梯井内烟气湍流特性及输运特性的敏感性排序。结果表明,火源热释放速率对各输出参数的影响均占38%以上。     

Determination of trace metal concentrations in soil profiles of municipal waste dumps in Nigeria

The concentrations of trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn and Co) were studied in soil profiles of eight municipal waste dump sites in Warri metropolis. The results indicate that concentrations of trace metals varied widely among the different dumpsites and decreased with depths in a studied soil profile. The accumulation pattern for the heavy metals in the soil profiles follows the order: Fe > Pb > Mn > Co > Cr > Zn > Ni > Cu > Cd. The concentrations of metals found in these sites was below the Canadian remediation criteria for land for agricultural, residential and commercial/industrial purposes except for the cadmium levels in some sites that exceeded criterion values for agricultural and residential. In such sites, remedial actions are required before any form of chosen development can take place. The levels of heavy metals found in these dump sites were higher than that of the control site. The examined metals showed no significant correlation with soil physicochemical properties at the surface horizon, which is suggestive evidence that these metals arise from anthropogenic input.     

Critical Review of Norms and Standards for Biodegradable Agricultural Plastics Part II: Composting

The critical review of norms and standards and corresponding tests to determine the compostability of biodegradable plastics, possibly applicable also to biodegradable agricultural plastics, shows that many norms concerning testing and labelling of compostable plastics have been established at the international level. Some of them are about plastic materials, some others are about products like packaging. The media and conditions of testing cover mainly the conditions designed for industrial composting facilities, and only a few concern home composting conditions. Considering that the end of life management of biodegradable agricultural plastic products will be done at the farm to reduce the management of the waste and also its cost, only a few of these norms are considered to be suitable for adaptation to cover also biodegradable agricultural plastic products. The biodegradability validation criteria under composting conditions, such as the threshold percentage of biodegradation and disintegration, the time and temperature, and the ecotoxicity, are presented for the main norms and standard testing methods. Based on these different norms and their content, a list of specs and technical requirements that could be adapted to meet farm composting conditions for agricultural compostable plastics is proposed. These requirements may be used as criteria for the establishment of a new integrative norm for agricultural compostable plastics.     

30MHz-1000MHz显示器辐射骚扰测试及其不确定度评定

本文以显示器辐射骚扰测试为例对10米半电波暗室的辐射骚扰试验进行不确定度评定。并与相应标准进行比较，确认该辐射测试系统的测量结果是可信的。     

Research on Methods for Building Volcano Disaster Information System--taking Changbai Mountain as an example

1IntroductionAs a many-volcano-distributed country,China is covered with many volcanoes and lava rocks.A-mong the one-thousand-or-so volcanoes,Changbai Mountain Volcano,Wudalianchi Volcano,Tengchong Volcano and Ashikule Volcano of West Kunlun are the mostlatentcatastrophic erup-tive active volcanoes.In recent years,the activity of the earth' s crust in some volcanic areas isobviously becoming increasing violent.Butfew scholars have monitored and evaluated volcano inChina.So building VDI…     

昌黎生态监控区夏季浮游植物群落年际变化特征分析

为研究昌黎生态监控区夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子关系,采用2005~2013年夏季(8月)昌黎生态监控区海域浮游植物及环境因子的监测资料,基于Arc GIS 10.0和Canoco软件平台,运用典范对应分析方法,对浮游植物群落结构进行分析.结果表明,近9 a共鉴定出浮游植物3门23科39属105种,其中,硅藻门16科32属90种,占浮游植物总数的85.7%;甲藻门共6科6属14种,占总种类数的13.3%;金藻门1种.各年的优势种存在很大差异,按照优势度Y值的大小包括辐射圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus radiatus)、柔弱角毛藻(Coscinodiscus debilis)、笔尖根管藻(Rhizosolenia styliformis)、柏氏角管藻(Cerataulina bergoni)、威氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus wailesii)、海链藻(Thalassiosira sp.)、三角角藻(Ceratium tripos)、洛氏角毛藻(Coscinodiscus wailesii)、中肋骨条藻(Ceratium tripos)等.夏季细胞丰度年际变化较大,呈现逐渐降低的趋势.浮游植物的多样性指数H'值介于0.015~3.889,均匀度指数J值介于0.009~1,年际变化幅度较小;各站位间物种分布不均匀,优势种较少且优势度较大.对浮游植物群落与环境因子进行典范对应分析(CCA),结果表明影响夏季浮游植物群落结构变化的环境因子包括水温、营养盐(磷酸盐、硝酸氮、氨氮)、盐度等,且是各个环境因子相互作用的结果.