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排序方式: 共有1172条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
一些常见的沉水草本植物对水质具有较强的净化作用,能够有效控制氮和磷的浓度.本试验通过模拟氮、磷污染的水质条件,采用篦齿眼子菜对氮、磷营养盐的吸附和去除效果进行研究.结果 表明:设定模拟废水中的初始总氮(TN)浓度在1~50 mg/L范围内,培养30天后的植株对总氮的去除率最高可达85.4%,随着初始培养环境中总氮浓度的... 相似文献
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Anabela Botelho Lina Lourenço-Gomes Lígia M. Costa Pinto Sara Sousa Marieta Valente 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2018,20(1):145-162
Despite the often mentioned environmental benefits associated with transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, their use for electricity production has non-negligible negative environmental impacts. The most commonly mentioned in surveys concern different types of landscape impacts, impacts on the fauna and flora, and noise. These impacts differ by size and location of plants, and by source of energy, rendering the policy decision complex. In addition, there are other welfare issues to take into consideration, as positive and negative environmental impacts are not evenly distributed among population groups. This paper proposes to compare the welfare impacts of renewable energy sources controlling for the type of renewable as well as the specific environmental impact by source. To this end, two discrete-choice experiments are designed and applied to a national sample of the Portuguese population. In one case, only individual negative impacts of renewables are used, and in another case, the negative impacts interact with a specific source. Results show the robustness of discrete-choice experiments as a method to estimate the welfare change induced by the impacts of renewable energy sources. Overall, respondents are willing to pay to reduce the environmental impacts, thus making compensation for local impacts feasible. Moreover, the estimations reveal that respondents are significantly sensitive to the detrimental environmental effects of specific renewable energy sources, being willing to pay more to use these sources of energy relative to others. 相似文献
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Lina Wang Rohan Jayaratne Darlene Heuff Lidia Morawska 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(27):3269-3277
A composite line source emission (CLSE) model was developed to specifically quantify exposure levels and describe the spatial variability of vehicle emissions in traffic interrupted microenvironments. This model took into account the complexity of vehicle movements in the queue, as well as different emission rates relevant to various driving conditions (cruise, decelerate, idle and accelerate), and it utilised multi-representative segments to capture the accurate emission distribution for real vehicle flow. Hence, this model was able to quickly quantify the time spent in each segment within the considered zone, as well as the composition and position of the requisite segments based on the vehicle fleet information, which not only helped to quantify the enhanced emissions at critical locations, but it also helped to define the emission source distribution of the disrupted steady flow for further dispersion modelling. The model then was applied to estimate particle number emissions at a bi-directional bus station used by diesel and compressed natural gas fuelled buses. It was found that the acceleration distance was of critical importance when estimating particle number emission, since the highest emissions occurred in sections where most of the buses were accelerating and no significant increases were observed at locations where they idled. It was also shown that emissions at the front end of the platform were 43 times greater than at the rear of the platform. Although the CLSE model is intended to be applied in traffic management and transport analysis systems for the evaluation of exposure, as well as the simulation of vehicle emissions in traffic interrupted microenvironments, the bus station model can also be used for the input of initial source definitions in future dispersion models. 相似文献
75.
将农业再生资源回收利用事业推向新高度 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
管爱国 《再生资源与循环经济》2010,3(1):15-15
<正>农业再生资源是再生资源的一个特殊而重要的组成部分,与其他品种再生资源相比,具有两大特点:一是产出量大,我国是农业大国,据统计,我国每年产生各类农作物秸秆约6.5亿t,畜禽粪便产生量约20亿 相似文献
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基于产业结构视角的我国经济与环境耦合系统的演化分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
产业结构是人类作用于生态环境系统的主要环节,其组合类型与强度在很大程度上决定了经济发展对资源环境的胁迫作用。从产业结构视角研究经济与资源环境的协调程度,可从根本上阐释经济—环境—资源的矛盾。从产业结构的角度阐述经济发展与资源环境承载力耦合含义,利用协同学思想构建两者之间的耦合度模型,以1996年以来产业结构与资源环境的相关数据为基础进行分析。研究表明,产业结构与资源环境的耦合协调度经历了一个先上升后下降的过程,整体处于较低层次。产业结构发展程度与资源环境利用的有效性存在密切联系,产业结构的优化可促进资源的有效利用和生态环境的保护。 相似文献
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将Gunbel-logistic模型和Gumbel-mixed模型进行了对比,并解析了不同组合情形下的洪水频率结果。研究表明:当输入的二元变量的相关性不大于2/3时,两模型计算出的重现期值差异不大,当输入的二元变量的相关性大于2/3时,两模型计算出的重现期值存在较大的差异,这是由于此时Gumbel-mixed模型已经失效的缘故,因此Gunbel-logistic模型的应用范围较Gunbel-mixed模型更宽。就Gunbel-logistic模型而言,对不同洪水特征量的组合情形得到的重现期差异较大,所得重现期差异幅度达800年。可见,二元变量的洪水频率计算,模型的选择和洪水特征量组合情形的选取是决定洪水频率结果的主要影响因素。 相似文献
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Yibo Zhang Lina Liu Yifei Sun Rong Zhu Xingbao Gao Jingling Yang Zhiqiang Han Hui Wang 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(4):1437-1445
Effects of carbon concentration and Cu additive in simulated fly ash (SFA) and real fly ash (RFA) on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), chlorobenzenes, and polychlorinated biphenyls which were all regarded as persistent chlorinated aromatics in iron ore sintering were investigated. In the annealing process of SFA with various carbon contents, the yield of chlorinated aromatics and the I-TEQ obtained their maximum at 10 wt% carbon content. Active carbon in SFA acted as the carbon source as well as an adsorbent which led to higher production of PCDD/F in solid phase at 10 wt% carbon content. The increase of carbon content will be beneficial on the formation of 2,3,7,8-Chloro-substituted PCDF compared with 2,3,7,8-Chloro-substituted PCDD. In addition, the CuCl2·2H2O was a much more powerful catalyst in the formation of chlorinated aromatic compounds compared with elementary Cu, since it served as both a catalyst and a chlorine donor. However, the RFA behaved similarly with SFA with elementary Cu in the formation of chlorinated aromatic compounds. The effect of carbon content and copper additives on formation of 2,3,7,8-chloro-substituted congeners displayed similar characteristics with the tetra- to octa-PCDD/F isomers and even the total PCDD/Fs. 相似文献