负离子发生器对柴油机减废的作用

在柴油机燃烧实验的基础上,讨论了负离子发生器放出的负离子,电子e和活性自由基等,对减少有害废气(NOx、CO等)的机理。     

To enhance the reproduction of Phanerochaete chrysosporium by adding natural lixiviums in liquid medium

Great promotion to the reproduction of white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporlum by adding natural lixiviums such as from wood, maize core and potato in liquid medium was found in this research. Incubated in the liquid medium contained 10 mg/L glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of myeelium pellet reaches more than 80 g/L, which is 5 times more than that of without natural lixiviums. Incubated in the liquid medium contained 5 mg/L glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of myeelium pellet can reach 69.5 g/L, while the production in the medium without natural lixiviums is very low. When the liquid medium contained 1-20 g/L glucose as carbon source, the production of myeelium pellet in 3 d can only reach 12.5 g/L to 14.5 g/L. The fungus in the medium with potato lixiviums are easily contaminated by other microorganisms and in the medium with maize core lixiviums are easily bulking, while in the medium with wood lixiviums are neither easily contaminated nor bulking. Medium with wood lixiviums can produce more pellet than other medium, endure contamination and keep better sedimentation capacity. So that, wood lixivium is borer additive to the culture of white rot fungi in liquid medium. Addition of the mixture of wood, maize core and potato lixiviums is of advantage to the productian of mycelium pellet. The difference of the production in the medium with different amount of wood lixiviums showed little in the first 3 d, while it esnanded after 3 d. Wood lixiviums stimulate the growth of P. chrysosporium instead of supply organies which fungi need.     

苏州河氨化菌分布及生理生化研究

对苏州河氨化菌进行了生态调查,并对其进行了生理生化分析。研究结果表明,苏州河水体中氨化菌数量普遍较高,上游至下游氨化菌数量逐步增多。赵屯至北新泾5个断面之间的差异很小,均在104个/mL左右,浙江路桥和武宁路桥的氨化菌数量要比上游的5个断面高出1个数量级。苏州河下游武宁路桥和浙江路桥断面水体中全年氨化菌数量季节变化较大。氯化菌的数量与水体中总氮和氨氮成正比,与硝酸盐成反比。     

溴硝醇对土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响

研究了溴硝醇农药施入土壤后,土壤中脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性的变化情况。结果表明:低浓度1mg/kg时,施入溴硝醇对土壤脲酶表现为激活—抑制—激活—恢复过程,而对过氧化氢酶活性则一直表现出一定激活作用。高浓度20mg/kg时,则对土壤脲酶活性表现为抑制—恢复过程,而对过氧化氢酶活性表现为抑制—激活—恢复的过程,这种抑制作用随着溴硝醇浓度的增高而增强。在过氧化氢酶被激活的阶段,溴硝醇浓度越高则被激活率也越高,然后随着时间的延长逐步得到恢复。土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶都对溴硝醇比较敏感。     

论有效实施船舶污染应急计划的关键问题

根据《ＯＰＲＣ公约》的要求，船舶、码头、港口、地区、区域、国家都应制订相应的船舶污染应急计划，通过分析各层次应急计划的核心和应急反应体系的组成，指出了有效实施污染应急计划的关键问题。     

电动汽车与燃油汽车的环境指标比较

对燃油汽车的尾气直接污染，尾气间接污染和噪声污染的环境指标进行了分析。比较了电动汽车与燃油汽车的同类环境指标，指出中国发展电动汽车对于改善环境的重要作用。     

南通市濠河水污染研究

本文采用系统聚类法对濠河水质进行了聚类分析，并且将濠河污染因子和监测断面的污染程度进行了分类．     

黄浦江上游工业废水对程序外DNA合成的影响

用SD大鼠原代肝细胞作程序外DNA合成(UDS)试验,检测黄浦江上游水源保护区9家工厂的工业废水,结果表明,在不同时间采集的9家工厂的两批工业废水UDS试验均呈阳性,并且呈剂量—反应关系。这说明9家工厂的工业废水有潜在的致突变作用和致癌作用,对这些工业废水的排放应加以控制。     

热处理温度对TiO_2结构性质及光催化活性的影响

从晶相组成、晶格缺陷密度、表面羟基含量、晶粒尺寸以及比表面积等方面阐述了热处理温度与TiO2光催化剂结构性质的关系,并就混晶效应、载流子输运/俘获以及尺寸量子效应等对光催化活性的影响进行了讨论。此外,还汇总了对水中典型有机污染物的光催化氧化研究以及相关的催化剂结构性质。     

改善AA1100空调箔强韧性生产工艺的研究

研究了改善AA1100空调箔强韧性的生产工艺。结果表明，采用合理的均匀化工艺，230-260℃×1h成品退火，并尽可能提高退火加热速度，有助于AA1100空调箔达到最佳的强韧性效果。同时，对空调箔的强韧化机理进行了探讨。