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441.
施工工地出口附近道路交通扬尘排放特征研究 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:16
为了量化施工工地附近社会道路因施工运输车辆带泥及遗撒造成的二次交通扬尘,对4个典型工地出口2个方向社会道路尘负荷进行了采样分析,根据AP-42交通扬尘排放模型,计算和分析了工地出口附近道路交通扬尘排放特征.结果表明,工地出口附近道路尘负荷高于正常道路,随着距离工地出口长度的增加,尘负荷逐渐减小;工地出口2个方向共400 m道路上交通扬尘PM10排放因子为正常道路的2~10倍,因施工增加的排放量相当于422~3?800 m正常道路排放.根据以上结果,结合2002年北京市施工工地时空分布数据,经计算得出,2002年北京市城八区工地出口形成的二次扬尘相当于增加了道路总长度的59%. 相似文献
442.
Zhenhao Ling Liqing Wu Yonghong Wang Min Shao Xuemei Wang Weiwen Huang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(4):259-285
Secondary organic aerosol(SOA) is a very important component of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) in the atmosphere. However, the simulations of SOA, which could help to elucidate the detailed mechanism of SOA formation and quantify the roles of various precursors, remains unsatisfactory, as SOA levels are frequently underestimated. It has been found that the performance of SOA formation models can be significantly improved by incorporating the emission and evolution of semivolatile and ... 相似文献
443.
Qu Yang Luo Hongjie Gao Guolei Wang Yaowu Wu Linli Gao Yang Xing Yulong 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(2):1130-1141
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Secondary aluminum dross (SAD) is classified as hazardous waste by many countries in the world because it contains a large number of toxic and... 相似文献
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沥青烟是一种较强的致癌物质,对人的健康会造成极大的伤害。电捕焦油器对消除沥青烟起到了至关重要的作用,是捕集沥青烟气较为理想的净化设备。 相似文献
448.
吸附模式对有机物光催化降解的影响2.H-酸在TiO2表面的光催化降解途径 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
水溶液中H-酸通过磺酸基团吸附在TiO2表面,UV照射TiO2所产生的自由基首先进攻吸附在TiO2表面的磺酸基团,从而进一步导致萘环开环.pH 2.5条件下,虽然饱和吸附量较大,但由于H-酸仅通过一个磺酸基团吸附在TiO2表面,过程中产生的硫酸根速率较慢,最终的光降解速率也较慢.pH 5.0条件下,虽然饱和吸附量较小,但由于吸附在TiO2表面的两个磺酸基团同时受到来自TiO2表面自由基的进攻,过程中产生的硫酸根速率较快,最终的光降解速率也较快.吸附模式的差异是导致H-酸在不同pH值条件下光催化降解途径和速率差异的关键因素. 相似文献
449.
Wu Y Lerner DN Banwart SA Thornton SF Pickup RW 《Journal of environmental quality》2006,35(6):2021-2025
The fermentation process is an important component in the biodegradation of organic compounds in natural and contaminated systems. Comparing with terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs), however, research on fermentation processes has to some extent been ignored in the past decades, particularly on the persistence of fermentation process in the presence of toxic organic pollutants. Both field and laboratory studies, presented here, showed that microbial processes in a groundwater-based system exhibited a differential inhibitory response to toxicity of phenolic compounds from coal tar distillation, thus resulting in the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and hydrogen. This indicated that fermentation processes could be more resistant to phenol toxicity than the subsequent TEAPs such as methanogenesis and sulfate reduction, thus providing us with more options for enhancing bioremediation processes. 相似文献
450.
Knowledge of pesticide distribution and persistence in nursery recycling pond water and sediment is critical for preventing phytotoxicity of pesticides during water reuse and to assess their impacts to the environment. In this study, sorption and degradation of four commonly used pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, chlorothalonil, and pendimethalin) in sediments from two nursery recycling ponds was investigated. Results showed that diazinon and chlorothalonil were moderately sorbed [K(OC) (soil organic carbon distribution coefficient) from 732 to 2.45 x 10(3) mL g(-1)] to the sediments, and their sorption was mainly attributable to organic matter content, whereas chlorpyrifos and pendimethalin were strongly sorbed (K(OC) > or = 7.43 x 10(3) mL g(-1)) to the sediments, and their sorption was related to both organic matter content and sediment texture. The persistence of diazinon and chlorpyrifos was moderate under aerobic conditions (half-lives = 8 to 32 d), and increased under anaerobic conditions (half-lives = 12 to 53 d). In contrast, chlorothalonil and pendimethalin were quickly degraded under aerobic conditions with half-lives < 2.8 d, and their degradation was further enhanced under anaerobic conditions (half-lives < 1.9 d). The strong sorption of chlorpyrifos and pendimethalin by the sediments suggests that the practice of recycling nursery runoff would effectively retain these compounds in the recycling pond, minimizing their offsite movement. The prolonged persistence of diazinon and chlorpyrifos, however, implies that incidental spills, such as overflows caused by storm events, may contribute significant loads of such pesticides into downstream surface water bodies. 相似文献