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城市表土磁学特征对污染源的指示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析徐州市城市表层土壤样品的磁学参数(磁化率、频率磁化率、饱和等温剩磁、非磁滞剩磁磁化率、热磁曲线和磁滞回线)变化特征,结果表明,徐州城市表土主要由单畴(SD)和多畴(MD)的亚铁磁性矿物控制,但也存在一定量的赤铁矿。人类活动导致徐州城市表土磁化率显著增加,交通区、居民区、绿地区的平均磁化率分别为:273.06×10~(-8)、111.02×10~(-8)和65.24×10~(-8)m~3/kg。交通运输是市中心交通区和居民区表土磁化率增加的主要来源,工业区附近道路表土中磁性矿物浓度大于远离工业区的交通道路和居民区,绿地区磁性矿物浓度较低。 相似文献
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Thanh-Luu Pham Kazuya Shimizu Ayako Kanazaw Yu Gao Thanh-Son Dao Motoo Utsumi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(6):120-130
We investigated the accumulation and effects of cyanobacterial crude extract(CCE)containing microcystins(MCs) on the edible clam Corbicula leana P. Toxic effects were evaluated through the activity of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes: catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione-S-transferases(GSTs) from gills, foot, mantle and remaining soft tissues. Clams were exposed to CCE containing 400 μg MC-LReq/L for10 days and were then kept in toxin-free water for 5 days. Clam accumulated MCs(up to 3.41 ± 0.63 μg/g dry weight(DW) of unbound MC and 0.31 ± 0.013 μg/g DW of covalently bound MC). Detoxification and antioxidant enzymes in different organs responded differently to CCE during the experiment. The activity of SOD, CAT, and GST in the gills and mantle increased in MC-treated clams. In contrast, CAT and GST activity was significantly inhibited in the foot and mostly only slightly changed in the remaining tissues. The responses of biotransformation, antioxidant enzyme activity to CCE and the fast elimination of MCs during depuration help to explain how the clam can survive for long periods(over a week) during the decay of toxic cyanobacterial blooms in nature. 相似文献
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Yanhui Zhan Jianwei Lin Yanling Qiu Naiyun Gao Zhiliang Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2011,5(1):65-75
Surfactant-modified natural zeolites (SMNZ) with different coverage types were prepared by loading hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium
bromide (HTAB) onto the surface of a natural zeolite. The adsorption behavior of humic acid (HA) on SMNZ was investigated.
Results indicate that the adsorbent SMNZ exhibited a higher affinity toward HA than the natural zeolite. HA removal efficiency
by SMNZ increased with HTAB loading. Coexisting Ca2+ in solution favored HA adsorption onto SMNZ. Adsorption capacity decreased with an increasing solution pH. For typical SMNZ
with bilayer HTAB coverage, HA adsorption process is well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental
isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir model. Calculated maximum HA adsorption capacities for SMNZ with bilayer HTAB
coverage at pH 5.5 and 7.5 were 63 and 41 mg·g−1, respectively. E2/E3 (absorbance at 250 nm to that at 365 nm) and E4/E6 (absorbance at 465 nm to that at 665 nm) ratios of
the residual HA in solution were lower than that of the original HA solution. This indicates that the HA fractions with high
polar functional groups, low molecular weight (MW), and aromaticity had a stronger tendency for adsorption onto SMNZ with
bilayer HTAB coverage. Results show that HTAB-modified natural zeolite is a promising adsorbent for removal of HA from aqueous
solution. 相似文献
389.
采用大型溞为试验生物对氰渣、锑冶炼碱渣进行毒性试验研究.结果表明,氰渣、锑冶炼碱渣能够抑制大型溞的运动,并造成溞的大量死亡.所测得的半数运动受抑制浓度EC_(50)值,氰渣24h为7.5%,48h及96h分别为0.24%,锑冶炼碱渣96hEC_(50)值为98%.所测得的半数致死浓度LC_(50)值,48及96h分别为0.43%及0.19%. 相似文献
390.