Compound contamination and secondary ecological effects of Cd and As in soil-alfalfa ecosystems

ＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＣｄａｎｄＡｓｉｎｓｏｉｌ－ａｌｆａｌｆａｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ（ＺｈｏｕＱｉｘｉｎｇ；ＧａｏＺｈｅｎｇｍｉｎ）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅ...     

物理化学法治理印染废水的研究

本文提出了两个治理印染废水的综合物化流程:(1)SE—J型絮凝剂絮凝→气浮→次氯酸钙氧化→炉渣吸附;(2)SE—型絮凝剂絮凝→气浮→活性炭吸附,并对每个处理过程进行了条件实验。实验结果表明:废水经流程(1)处理后,COD去除率达82—87%,色度去除率达88—92%,废水经流程(2)处理后,COD去除率达89—92%,色度去除率达97—98%。经两个流程处理后的出水水质分别接近或达到国家排放标准。     

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables was presented in this paper.The complete set of procedure included three steps:bioassay,cholinesterase inhibition and GLC analysis.The samples could be identified to be contaminated with pesticides if 5% of house flies was knocked down in 50 tested house flies. Those samples contaminated with pesticides needed to be detected by AChE inhibition method.The qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by GLC.Recoveries ranged from 83.7% in Chinese cabbages to 105.6% in tomatoes for pyrethroids,and 84.0% in tomatoes to 102.7% in sweetbell redpeppes for organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to 7.87% for pyrethroids. and 0.33% to 9.88% for organophosphorus compounds with vegetables. The complete set of procedure has been used successfully to analyze 7000 samples collected in Beijing. About 1% of the samp     

电力需求侧管理与可持续发展战略

在探讨电力需求侧管理理论，方法以及电力经济结构和电力与环境问题的基础上，分析评价电力需求侧管理对可持续发展的作用贡献，电力需求侧管理是促进系统可持续发展的战备途径之一。     

前屯煤矿矿井水处理作饮用水的技术实践

本文根据前屯煤矿矿井水排放规律和原水水质特征，采用ＫＪＳ型一体化净水器，锰砂除铁滤器及消毒等处理工艺，处理后水质完全达到国家饮用水标准，工程投资和运行费用均较合理。     

Effects of freezing on the survival of Escherichia coli and Bacillus and response to UV and chlorine after freezing.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus megaterium bacteria were frozen at -15 degrees C using a freezer and a spray freezing method. The frozen Bacillus spores were also exposed to UV and free chlorine. An average of 4.7-log inactivation was obtained from the spray ice with 2-day storage time, while the freezer freezing only caused 0.84-log reduction with the same storage time. Significantly higher inactivation levels were observed for the E. coli cells with 2-day storage compared with those without storage. The spray freezing was found more effective in killing the E. coli cells, while more cells were sublethally injured by the freezer freezing. Freezing did not kill the Bacillus megaterium spores, but affected their response to UV and chlorine. Greater inactivation levels were observed at higher free chlorine doses or longer contact time, and the UV fluence-response curve showed initial rapid kill followed by tailing for the frozen spores.     

Photodegradation of surfactants on the nanosized TiO2 prepared by hydrolysis of the alkoxide titanium

Nanosized TiO(2) was synthesized by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide in the nanodroplets of microemulsions. The microemulsion provided by functionalized surfactants derived from the mixture of the commercially available sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate (DBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (DS). The resulting TiO(2) nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. Nanosized TiO(2) of anatase was found to show good photocatalytic properties in the photodegradation of DBS and DS surfactants. The cleavage of the aromatic moiety, the intermediate products and ultimate mineralization to CO(2) were examined in the process of photodegradation. A mechanism is also proposed on the basis of these experimental results.     

水处理工艺去除藻毒素的效果探讨

探讨了饮用水处理的各工艺过程对藻毒素的去除作用,并根据前期已进行的实验对各工艺的优化组合进行了讨论,认为以气浮代替沉淀,并附之以粉末活性炭吸附预处理可有效地去除藻毒素;对没有条件改造沉淀池的水厂可暂时采用预氯化和粉末活性炭吸附组合的工艺也可达到较好的效果;对生物预处理工艺进行适当的强化,可达到对有机物、藻类、藻毒素等物质的有效去除.     

Fe-Cu催化还原法处理废水的稳定性分析

采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)技术对Fe-Cu催化还原法处理硝基苯配水反应前后铁屑和铜的表面进行分析,研究了Fe-Cu催化还原法的长期运行效果.结果表明,运行数周后铜表面性状基本保持不变,化学稳定性好,抗中毒能力强.处理效果的下降主要起因于铁屑表面的金属铁发生反应而被逐渐消耗,以及铁屑表面为沉淀物覆盖而逐渐失效.     

常规水处理厂中小隐孢子虫卵囊的去除效果

介绍了小隐孢子虫卵囊的特点及其对人体的危害，分析了pH、混凝剂种类与投加量、电导率和天然有机物含量等对小隐孢子虫卵囊的Zeta电位的影响，总结了混凝－沉淀－过滤和直接过滤对小隐孢子虫卵囊的去除效果，探讨了水温、水质、混凝剂种类与投加量、滤料层组成和滤速等对去除效果的影响。