Distribution characteristics and indicator significance of Dechloranes in multi-matrices at Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic

In recent years, Dechloranes have beenwidely detected in the environment around the world. However, understanding and knowledge of Dechloranes in remote regions, such as the Arctic, remain lacking. Therefore, the concentrations of 5 Dechloranes in surface seawater, sediment, soil, moss, and dung collected from Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic were measured with the concentrations 93 pg/L, 342, 325, 1.4, and 258 pg/g, respectively, which were much lower than those in Asian and European regions. The mean ratios of anti-Dechlorane Plus (DP) to total DP (f_anti) in seawater, sediment, soil, moss, dung, and atmospheric samples were 0.36, 0.21, 0.18, 0.27, 0.66, and 0.43, respectively. Results suggested that the main source of DP in seawater, sediment, soil, andmosswas long-range atmospheric transport. However, the ratio identified in dung was different, for which the migration behavior of the organism is probably themain source of DP.     

Distribution characteristics and indicator significance of Dechloranes in multi-matrices at Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic

In recent years, Dechloranes have been widely detected in the environment around the world. However, understanding and knowledge of Dechloranes in remote regions, such as the Arctic, remain lacking. Therefore, the concentrations of 5 Dechloranes in surface seawater, sediment, soil, moss, and dung collected from Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic were measured with the concentrations 93 pg/L, 342, 325, 1.4, and 258 pg/g, respectively, which were much lower than those in Asian and European regions. The mean ratios of anti-Dechlorane Plus (DP) to total DP (?_anti) in seawater, sediment, soil, moss, dung, and atmospheric samples were 0.36, 0.21, 0.18, 0.27, 0.66, and 0.43, respectively. Results suggested that the main source of DP in seawater, sediment, soil, and moss was long-range atmospheric transport. However, the ratio identified in dung was different, for which the migration behavior of the organism is probably the main source of DP.     

新常态下我国环境政策的需求和建议

文章以新常态下经济社会新特点、新方向为出发点,分析了经济增速放缓、结构转型等对资源环境的新影响以及环境管理的新需求,并从释放政策潜力、激活市场活力、提高创新能力3方面,提出了我国环境政策发展的新思路与建议。     

用紫外光去除水中的二苯甲酮的研究

二苯甲酮广泛应用于医日用化工等领域,对生物机体具有重要影响,研究通过室内分析的方法,以185 nm紫外灯为光源,研究了水中的二苯甲酮在185 nm紫外光照射下的降解行为及浓度、体积、流速、pH等因素对二苯甲酮的降解效果的影响。结果表明：185 nmUV对二苯甲酮溶液有很好的降解效果,可以迅速将其降解为小分子有机物直至无机物,185 nm紫外灯为光源降解水中的二苯甲酮符合准一级动力学规律。 pH值对反应速率有很大的影响,185 nmUV对二苯甲酮溶液的TOC浓度有较好的降低效果。这种方法对水中二苯甲酮的去除率最好能够达到99％以上,是一种非常有效的去除水中二苯甲酮的方法。     

Green finance,technological progress,and ecological performance—evidence from 30 Provinces in China

The interaction between green finance and other factors, such as ecological environment, has been a research hotspot nowadays. Especially, the reasonable guiding of capital into energy conservation and environmental protection industries would greatly affect those factors, so as to the relation between them. This paper aimed to analyze the relationships between green finance, technological progress, and ecological performance quantitatively. The entropy method was used to respectively construct the system of index for green finance and technological progress, and index for ecological performance was measured by the super-SBM model. The panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model was selected to empirically analyze dynamic relationships based on datasets from 30 provinces in China during 2008–2019 period. The results told that (1) from 2008 to 2019, China’s overall level of green finance, technological progress and ecological performance increased to varying degrees. Spatially, the areas with high-developed green finance greatly coincided with those such as large cities or the eastern coast that had good financial development. The distribution of technological progress index were similar, except some underdeveloped areas with relatively advanced scientific research institutes. The ecological performance, however, was high in the South and low in the north. (2) In the lag for 3 years, the influence of green finance on ecological performance in different regions was all positive for that all the coefficient symbols that passed the significance test were above 0, while that on technological progress was negative first and then positive. And the effects of technological progress on ecological performance were positive in ecological regions and negative in low ecological regions (0.0893 and -0.1211 in the case of three-stage lag respectively). (3) The contribution of green finance to ecological performance was high according to the results of variance decomposition, maintained at about 30%, and that of technological progress increased year by year (from 0.000 to 0.039). Therefore, we proposed to strengthen the development of green finance in underdeveloped regions. The emphasis should be laid on the researches and applications of green technology, the formulation of financing policies in innovation compensation and the establishment of a dynamic monitoring system for the ecological environment.

     

测定化学物对乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制毒性的微板吸光法研究

随着化学污染物种类与数量的日益增多,高通量测试方法显得越来越重要。基于乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)抑制法原理,以多功能酶标仪为测试设备,96孔微板为暴露反应载体,建立了测定化学物对ACh E抑制毒性的微板吸光法。系统研究了ACh E浓度、碘化硫代乙酰胆碱(ATCI)浓度、二硫代二硝基苯甲酸(DTNB)浓度对显色吸光度、吸光度变化速率、化学物测试毒性的影响。结果表明,随着ACh E、DTNB、ATCI的浓度增加,吸光度均增加;吸光度变化速率与ACh E浓度呈正相关,与DTNB浓度基本无关,与ATCI浓度呈现先增后减的双相关系;随着ATCI浓度增加,灭多威剂量-效应曲线(DRC)向右移动。最终建立的优化测试条件为DTNB 0.2 g·L~(-1)、ATCI 0.2 g·L~(-1)、ACh E 0.04 U·m L~(-1)、p H 6.8、反应温度29℃及暴露时间15 min;并与国标方法进行了对比与验证,发现试剂加样顺序对毒性测定结果有显著影响。基于ACh E的微板毒性测试结果表明,灭多威的DRC呈现良好的S型曲线,可用Weibull函数有效表征,拟合决定系数R2大于0.97,空白变异控制在了±10%以内。此方法可用于化学污染物的高通量毒性检测。     

纳米银对蒙古黄芪种子和幼苗的毒性研究与数据挖掘分析

探讨纳米银(AgNPs)对蒙古黄芪种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,并基于文献数据讨论AgNPs对单一物种的影响是否与数据挖掘趋势相符合.蒙古黄芪种子置于9个不同浓度的AgNPs溶液中,每日观察并记录种子萌发情况.观察结束后进行萌发和生长指标测定,并基于实验结果和文献数据进行比较分析.结果 表明,随着AgNPs浓度升高,蒙古黄芪最终发芽率受到抑制,高浓度时显著降低(P＜0.05);浓度为600 mg·L-1和1000 mg·L-1时平均发芽时间显著高于其他处理组(P＜0.05);浓度升高到400～1000mg·L-1时,胚根长、子叶长和子叶宽受到抑制,显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);胚轴的长度未受到AgNPs浓度变化的影响;叶绿素和氮含量在AgNPs浓度为200 mg·L-1时开始显著降低(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,各浓度处理组(除20 mg·L-1外)的鲜质量与干质量均显著减少(P＜0.05);幼苗地上部分和地下部分抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性变化趋势基本一致.通过计算抑制率表明,600 mg·L-1和1000 mg·L-1的AgNPs对蒙古黄芪具有毒害作用.总的来说,实验结果部分符合数据挖掘模型趋势.比较几种分析模型发现,隶属函数法分析和主成分分析结果一致,meta分析比冗余分析更适用于单一物种趋势的预测.AgNPs抑制蒙古黄芪种子萌发,低浓度AgNPs对幼苗影响不明显,高浓度严重抑制幼苗生长.     

红外测温法测定硫化矿石堆自热温度的影响因素研究

硫化矿自燃是一个以氧化放热为主、自发产生热量及热量积蓄引起硫化矿堆升温的非常复杂的物理化学过程.因此,研究硫化矿自热过程是研究硫化矿自燃早期预测预报方法的前提.文章以红外非接触方式,利用RaytekminiTemp红外测温仪和CENTER可记录温度计测定硫化矿石堆氧化自热温度,重点分析了测定过程中的实际温度时影响精度的有关因素,主要有矿样种类、矿样温度、矿样块度、检测距离、环境温度、光束与矿样的夹角.通过实验室研究,为研制出专门用于舍硫矿自燃预测预报的装置提供理论依据,从而达到预测预报硫化矿自燃的目的.     

好氧颗粒污泥技术

好氧颗粒污泥技术是近几年来发展起来的废水处理技术,它能有效地去除废水中的有机物、COD、氨氮、难降解的有毒有机物、硫磷、重金属离子等。本文根据国内外对其的最新研究成果对好氧颗粒污泥的特性、形成的主要影响因素以及除污功能进行了阐述。     

“一带一路”绿色发展的战略实施框架

本研究认为推进实施绿色化"一带一路"战略是我国与沿线各国深化经济合作,展示负责任大国形象,规避环境风险,促进顺利实现"五通"的根本要求。同时,我国实施绿色化"一带一路"战略还面临着对外投资的环境管控制度不健全,"一带一路"沿线不少国家和地区生态环境脆弱,环境管理基础弱,以及沿线各国和地区发展阶段及环保诉求不同,区域合作平台与机制不完善等内外因素带来的挑战。本文结合我国实施"一带一路"战略的国际、国内形势研判,提出了推进"一带一路"绿色发展的战略框架,建议加快推进四项重点工作,包括强化绿色发展规划顶层设计,健全风险规制机制,构建对外投资行为调控机制,形成有效的"共通"保障机制。