硫酸锰废渣浸出液对斑马鱼的毒性及抗氧化酶活性的影响

已有研究表明,堆积在湘西花垣河河岸的硫酸锰废渣含有多种重金属,可能是导致花垣河河水和沉积物重金属污染的主要原因.为了评价硫酸锰废渣的潜在生态风险和对水生动物的毒性,本研究分析了硫酸锰废渣浸出液中的主要重金属成分,用漫出液对斑马鱼进行了急性毒性实验,观察在急性胁迫下斑马鱼的体征变化,测定了斑马鱼在亚致死浓度下的生化指标的...     

Matrix-bound phosphine and phosphorus fractions in paddy soils

Phosphine (PH(3)) is a natural gaseous carrier of phosphorus (P) in its geochemical cycles, and it might be important to the P balance of natural ecosystems. Paddy fields are thought to be one of the main sources responsible for the production and emission of PH(3) in to the environment. The relationships between matrix-bound PH(3) (MBP) and different P fractions, as well as selected metals were investigated to explore the possible production of MBP and its link to P cycle in the paddy soils. MBP range from 20.8 (-1) to 502 ng kg(-1) with an average of 145 ng kg(-1). Concentrations at the milk stage are significantly higher than at the jointing stage. The total P range from 333 mg kg(-1) to 592 mg kg(-1). Average P fractions decrease in the order: Ca-P (69.9%) > Organic P (16.5%) > occluded P (6.50%) > Fe-P (5.93%) > dissolved P (0.80%) > exchangeable P (0.32%) > Al-P (0.02%). Different levels of nitrogen fertilizer have little effect on the contents of MBP, P fractions and metals. A significant positive correlation between MBP and Ca-P (p = 0.002), as well as between MBP and Ca (p = 0.008) could be observed, suggesting that Ca-P mainly affects the production of MBP in the paddy soils. It is suggested that soil MBP is strongly linked to Ca-P fertilizer use because soil spiked with P-fertilizer produced an additional 758 ± 142 ng of MBP per kg of soil, compared to only 81.7 ± 12.3 ng of MBP per kg of unspiked soil. No correlations are found between MBP and other P fractions, or between MBP and Al, Fe and Mn.     

Fabrication and characterization of lightweight aggregate prepared from steel mill sludge in one step

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The qualified green lightweight aggregate (LWA) was successfully prepared from steel mill sludge (SMS) and fly ash (FAS) in one step using the...     

DSCAM-AS1 promotes cervical carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion via sponging miR-338-3p

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Deregulated lncRNA DSCAM-AS1 expression was found in several tumors. However, mechanism and functional role of DSCAM-AS1 in cervical carcinoma remain...     

外源亚精胺对模拟干旱胁迫下番茄幼苗活性氧水平和抗氧化系统的影响

以耐旱性不同的2个品种番茄('粉802'和'皇冠')为试材,采用营养液栽培,研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)模拟的干旱胁迫下喷施外源哑精胺(Spd)对番茄幼苗活性氧(ROS)水平和抗氧化系统的影响.结果表明,喷施0.1 mmol L-1Spd降低了7.5%PEG胁迫下2个品种番茄幼苗叶中超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、过氧化氢(H2O2,)、丙二醛(MDA)含量的上升,增加了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氧酶(CAT)以及AsA-GSH循环中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)的活性,提高了抗氧化物质抗坏血酸(AsA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量,对单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性没有影响.耐旱性较强的‘毛粉802'幼苗叶中抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化剂升高幅度明显大于耐旱性较弱的‘皇冠',ROS积累速度和膜脂过氧化程度相对较低,喷施Spd处理对‘皇冠'效果更为明显.这表明外源Spd通过减少干旱胁迫下番茄幼苗体内ROS的产生,提高植株体内抗氧化系统中抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化剂含量和降低膜脂过氧化水平,起到缓解干旱胁迫对番茄幼苗伤害的作用,增强幼苗对干旱逆境的适应性.图4参32     

基于博弈理论的跨域水体联治府际行为研究——以太湖流域为例

为探究府际合作行为与成本收益之间的因果关系,发掘跨域合作治理困境的内生原因.以太湖流域水体联治为例,梳理流域行政区划分属江苏省、浙江省、安徽省以及上海市三省一市协作主体的角色定位和利益诉求,采用博弈理论与方法构建府际合作治理博弈矩阵,拆解政府策略选择的内在利益逻辑.研究表明:合作主体因发展基础差异化面临多元利益矛盾局面...     

制度与市场机制在治理污染中的作用

寻找一种既能促进经济发展又能保护环境的控制环境污染的有效途径具有十分重要的意义。新制度经济理论为环境污染的控制及其政策的制定提供了理论基础。该理论认为,当传统的管制方法不能实现资源最优配置的时候,通过界定产权和进行产权交易的方法是可以得到满意结果的。     

排污权交易是控制环境问题的一种有效途径

排污权交易是解决环境外部不经济性的手段,与传统的控制环境问题手段相比,它具有在确保环境质量目标的前提下,以控制环境污染成本最小化实现资源最优配置的优点,符合我国国情,是我国控制环境问题的有效途径。     

黄淮海湿地系统典型挺水植物对水华藻类的化感效应

利用植物的化感作用可抑制有害藻类生长,控制水华发生,改善水质.文章在考察黄淮海湿地系统的基础上,选取典型挺水植物菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和香蒲(Typha latifolia),用0.1×Hoagland完全培养液进行种植,利用其种植水培养湿地典型水华藻类--铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz)和鱼腥藻(Anabeana Bory),研究菖蒲和香蒲的种植水对铜绿微囊藻和鱼腥藻生长的影响,评价挺水植物对水华藻类的化感效应.结果显示:菖蒲种植水对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用较强;而香蒲种植水对鱼腥藻的抑制作用较强,但是对铜绿微囊藻的生长却有促进作用.结果表明两种挺水植物的种植水都含有影响水华藻类生长的化感物质.进一步的研究表明,两种植物种植水对以上两种藻类生长的影响具有显著的体积比浓度效应.因此,保护和恢复湿地挺水植物群落对改善水环境具有重要作用,但利用挺水植物化感效应进行水体环境净化时,应按水体中有害藻类的类型合理选择植物种类.     

膜生物反应器处理苎麻脱胶废水的研究

利用膜生物反应器对苎麻生物脱胶废水进行试验研究,通过对废水中的COD、NH3-N、SS及色度进行检测发现,出水水质达到国家综合排放标准,并可回用。因此,此法处理麻生物脱胶废水可行,为苎麻生物脱胶废水的处理提供一种新的处理方法。