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Susana Viegas Mário Pádua Ana Costa Veiga Elisabete Carolino Mário Gomes 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7807-7818
Despite the classification as known or suspected human carcinogens, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the antineoplastic drugs are extensively used in cancer treatment due to their specificity and efficacy. As human carcinogens, these drugs represent a serious threat to the healthcare workers involved in their preparation and administration. This work aims to contribute to better characterize the occupational exposure of healthcare professionals to antineoplastic drugs, by assessing workplace surfaces contamination of pharmacy and administration units of two Portuguese hospitals. Surface contamination was assessed by the determination of cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel. These three drugs were used as surrogate markers for surfaces contamination by cytotoxic drugs. Wipe samples were taken and analyzed by HPLC-DAD. From the total of 327 analyzed samples, in 121 (37 %) was possible to detect and quantify at least one drug. Additionally, 28 samples (8.6 %) indicate contamination by more than one antineoplastic drug, mainly in the administration unit, in both hospitals. Considering the findings in both hospitals, specific measures should be taken, particularly those related with the promotion of good practices and safety procedures and also routine monitoring of surfaces contamination in order to guarantee the appliance of safety measures. 相似文献
144.
R. A. Costa T. Eeva C. Eira J. Vaqueiro J. V. Vingada 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(6):5339-5344
Passerine species have been increasingly used as bioindicators of metal bioaccumulation especially by taking benefit of non-invasive procedures, such as collecting feathers and excrements. In 2009, metal (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn) concentrations were determined in feathers and excrements of nestling and adult female great tits (Parus major) in industrial (a paper mill) and rural sites in maritime pine forests on the west coast of Portugal. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of metals between the areas but also between sampling methods (feather vs. excrement) and age classes (nestling vs. adult). Although excrements and feathers of nestling great tits showed different concentrations, similar patterns of accumulation were detected in both study areas. There was a significantly higher concentration of mercury in the industrial area and significantly higher concentrations of arsenic in the rural area in both sample types. Metal levels in adult females had quite different results when compared to nestlings, and only nickel presented significantly higher levels near the paper mill. Since metal levels showed a consistent pattern in feathers and excrements of nestling great tits, we conclude that both represent good and non-invasive methods for the evaluation of these elements in polluted areas. 相似文献
145.
Mercia Barcellos da Costa Gabriela Carvalho Zamprogno Mariana Beatriz Paz Otegui Letícia de Morais Felipe Corteletti Pedruzzi Gabriel Bautz Dalbem Daniele Angeli da Silva Allana Cristini Borges Resende 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(12):650
This study represents the first use of Leucozonia nassa (Mollusca-Gastropoda) in a program of long-term monitoring. Specimens of L. nassa were collected between 2006 and 2014 and analyzed for the occurrence of imposex in two areas in Southeastern Brazil, one control area and another characterized by the presence of many ports and marinas. Imposex was evaluated in nine sites based on the percentage of females exhibiting imposex (I%), relative penis length index and vas deferens sequence index, classical indices to evaluate tributyltin (TBT) impacts. Moreover, this study uses for the first time in a tropical environment the ecological quality ratio (EQR), an approach to verify the imposex levels as an indicator of the impact by organotin compounds according to the EU Water Framework Directive. The results confirm the occurrence of high levels of imposex in L. nassa with all the indices evaluated. Furthermore, the results also indicate that, despite the international ban, antifouling paints based on TBT are still possibly used in Brazil. In addition, this study shows that L. nassa has the characteristics that make it a suitable bioindicator to monitor TBT pollution, and that the use of the EQR may create important data regarding this problem. 相似文献
146.
João Marcelo de Castro e Sousa Ana Paula Peron Louridânya da Silva e Sousa Mércia de Moura Holanda Ataíde de Macedo Vieira Lima Vitor Alves de Oliveira Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva Leonardo Henrique Guedes de Morais Lima Leomá Albuquerque Matos Sandra Maria Mendes de Moura Dantas Raí Pablo Sousa de Aguiar Muhammad Torequl Islam Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante Cláudia Costa Bonecker Horácio Ferreira Júlio Junior 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(6):301
In general, tropical rivers have a great impact on human activities. Bioaccumulation of toxins is a worldwide problem nowadays and has been, historically, overlooked by the supervisory authorities. This study evaluated cytogenotoxic effects of Guaribas river (a Brazilian river) water during dry and rainy seasons of 2014 by using the Allium cepa test system. The toxicogenetic variables, including root growth, mitotic index, and chromosomal aberrations, were analyzed in meristematic cells of A. cepa exposed to water samples taken from the up-, within, and downstream of the city Picos (state: Piauí). The physical-chemical parameters were also analyzed to explain water quality and possible anthropogenic action. Additionally, the presence of heavy metals was also analyzed to explain water quality and possible damaging effects on eukaryotic cells. The results suggest that the river water exerted cytotoxic, mutagenic, and genotoxic effects, regardless of the seasons. In addition, Guaribas river presented physico-chemical values outside the Brazilian laws, which can be a characteristic of human pollution (domestic sewage, industrial, and local agriculture). The genetic damage was positively correlated with higher levels of heavy metals. The pollution of the Guaribas river water may link to the chemical contamination, including the action of heavy metals and their impacts on genetic instability in the aquatic ecosystem. In conclusion, necessary steps should be taken into account for further toxicogenetic studies of the Guaribas river water, as it has an influence in human health of the same region of Brazil. 相似文献
147.
Carlos Costa Javier Rodríguez M. Carmen Márquez 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(6):739-747
A simplified dynamic model for the activated sludge process with high-strength wastewaters is presented. The model is based
on activated sludge models and predicts effluent chemical oxygen demand concentration using only four parameters. Experimental
data for testing the model were obtained in an activated sludge plant using flax retting wastewater. The proposal of the model
is described: mass balance to the system, selection of variables and behaviour of the theoretical values versus experimental
results. 相似文献
148.
Cachada A Pereira ME Ferreira da Silva E Duarte AC 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(1):15-32
Urban and industrial development has caused a major impact on environmental soil quality. This work assesses the extent and
severity of contamination in a small urban area subjected to an industrial impact and identifies the major anthropogenic inputs.
Twenty-six soil samples were collected from agricultural and urban sites, and concentrations of potentially toxic elements
(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn), PAHs and PCBs, were determined. In spite of the low median concentrations observed,
some sites represent a potential hazard for human health and ecosystems. Concentrations of contaminants were higher than those
found in a nearby city, indicating that the study area is affected by the surrounding industry. The use of multivariate statistical
analyses allowed for the identification of the main factors controlling the variability of potentially toxic elements and
organic pollutants in the soils. The presence of Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni was associated with geogenic inputs, and Cu, Pb, Zn, As,
PAHs and PCBs were associated with anthropogenic inputs. Industry and traffic were the most important anthropogenic sources.
Soil characteristics were identified as important factors controlling the spatial variability of elements, both from recognised
natural and anthropogenic origin. Differences between land uses were observed, which may be attributed to both management
practices and proximity to sources. 相似文献
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150.
P. Coelho S. Costa C. Costa S. Silva A. Walter J. Ranville M. R. Pastorinho C. Harrington A. Taylor V. Dall’Armi R. Zoffoli C. Candeias E. Ferreira da Silva S. Bonassi B. Laffon J. P. Teixeira 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2014,36(2):255-269
In the Panasqueira mine area of central Portugal, some environmental media show higher metal(loid) concentrations when compared with the local geochemical background and the values proposed in the literature for these environmental media. In order to evaluate the effect of the external contamination on selected indexes of internal dose, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, S, Se, Si, and Zn were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry in blood, urine, hair and nail samples from individuals environmentally (N = 41) and occupationally exposed (N = 41). A matched control group (N = 40) was also studied, and data from the three groups were compared. Results obtained agreed with those reported by environmental studies performed in this area, pointing to populations living nearby and working in the mine being exposed to metal(loid)s originated from mining activities. Arsenic was the element with the highest increase in exposed populations. The concentration of other elements such as Cr, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, S, Se, and Zn was also increased, although at a lesser extent, specifically in the individuals environmentally exposed and in females. These findings confirm the need for competent authorities to act as soon as possible in this area and implement strategies aimed to protect exposed populations and the entire ecosystem. 相似文献