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111.
Prenatal diagnosis of the hyperornithinaemia, hyperammonaemia, and homocitrullinuria syndrome is described by the analysis of ornithine incorporation in second-trimester cultured amniotic fluid cells. An unaffected fetus was predicted and confirmed in the newborn child. This is the third reported prenatal diagnosis for this disorder and the second predicting an unaffected fetus. 相似文献
112.
The Risks from Flooding: Which Risks and Whose Perception? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Four main groups are considered in relation to the risk from flooding: the engineers involved in the design of flood alleviation schemes, emergency planners, the public, including both the population at risk from flooding and the rest of the population who will bear all or most of the cost of flood alleviation schemes and the researchers, such as geographers and economists concerned with flood hazards and scheme appraisal. It is argued that these different groups vary significantly in their selection and definition of risks from flooding as a focus of concern and that their definition of risk influences their expectations about future events and the appropriate response to those events. But the different groups share two tendencies: the expectation that the future will be a replication of the past; and the neglect of "uncertain uncertainties" in favour of known uncertainties of risk. 相似文献
113.
Survey of PCDD/Fs and non-ortho PCBs in UK sewage sludges 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A survey of PCDD/F and non-ortho PCB concentrations in the mesophilic, anaerobically digested sludge of 14 UK wastewater treatment works was carried out. The range of total Cl1-Cl8DD/F concentrations in the sludges was 8880-428000 pg/g dw with a median of 23300 pg/g dw. The concentrations of the three non-ortho PCBs were in the range 272-63000 pg/g dw with a median of 695 pg/g dw. The PCDD/F I-TEQs of the sludges studied were comparable to those published in the literature with a range of 20-225 pg I-TEQ/g dw and a median of 40.4 pg/g dw. The non-ortho PCBs usually added 2-7 pg/g to the total TEQ with one notable exception which increased the TEQ value 20-fold. With three exceptions, the PCDD/F content of the sludges fell well below the draft EU limit values proposed on 27 April 2000. The homologue group pattern of the PCDD/Fs is dominated by the HpCDDs and OCDD and is consistent with that found in most sewage sludges. There appears to be no correlation between the degree of industrial input and the PCDD/F concentration. This suggests that trade effluent is not always the most significant source of PCDD/Fs to wastewater in the UK. 相似文献
114.
There are more than 200 marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Caribbean and Central America that contain coral reefs and are therefore theoretically attractive to scuba divers. One fifth of dive operators in 30 countries were surveyed for their use of MPAs: the majority are located within 20 km of at least one MPA and 46% conduct at least 80% of their diving within a MPA. An estimated 15 million dives take place outside of Florida each year, half of these occurring inside MPAs. Only 25% of MPAs containing coral reefs charge divers an entry or user fee, which is most usually USD 2-3 levied per dive or per diver. The revenue generated by these fees is estimated at USD 1-2 million annually, but the potential for generating income has not been fully realized. A significant contribution to the cost of regional conservation could be achieved if higher fees were applied more widely than at present. 相似文献
115.
Discovery of the fuel additive methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in groundwater, surface water, and stormwater has prompted studies of its sources, transport and fate. More limited data, however, is available on the extent of contamination of coastal waters, as well as the persistence of MTBE in the marine environment. We apply here the combination of solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to the detection of sub-to-low microgram/l concentrations of MTBE in seawater samples. Analysis of samples collected at the Marina del Rey harbor, a shallow recreational harbor near Los Angeles, CA, show MTBE contamination in the low microgram/l level. MTBE measurements were made at different depths, from the surface to the bottom, at five sites within the harbor during months showing no measurable precipitation. The highest concentration of MTBE (18 microgram/l) was found at the boat launching ramp, and the lowest (0.2 microgram/l) near the harbor entrance, approximately 2.3 km from the ramp. The levels of MTBE measured, as well as their variation over the study period, are fully consistent with recreational boating as the primary source of contamination. No evidence for MTBE contamination from the adjacent stormwater control channel was noted. 相似文献
116.
The possibility of the formation of PCDDs and dechlorination of PCDFs during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge in laboratory scale digesters was investigated. Digesters were spiked with 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF-13C(6) (240 ng/g organic matter (OM)) and pentachlorophenol (PeCP)-13C(6) (24 microg/g OM) and the output sludge monitored for 60 days. No dechlorination or formation of the labelled or native PCDD/Fs was observed. The detectable 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF-13C(6) dechlorination yield was 0.0008-1% depending on homologue group and the detectable formation of OCDD yield was 0.00042% PeCP-13C(6). Preferential respiration of other, more bioavailable, substrates is suggested as the most plausible explanation for the lack of dechlorination. Formation of PCDDs from PeCP has been observed in aerobic environments but this study provides further evidence that it is not a precursor for formation during anaerobic digestion. 相似文献
117.
Taggart MA Carlisle M Pain DJ Williams R Green D Osborn D Meharg AA 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,133(1):129-138
In April 1998, a holding lagoon containing pyrite ore processing waste rich in arsenic, failed and released 5-6 million m(3) of highly polluting sludge and acidic water. Over 2700 ha of the internationally important Do?ana National and Natural Parks were contaminated. The area of Natural Park to sustain the greatest impact was known as the Entremuros. This paper presents 0-5 cm soil monitoring data from the Entremuros, from sampling campaigns 6 and 18 months after the disaster; as well as macrophyte root, rhizome and stem data from samples taken 18 months after the spill. Results show a clear, decreasing, north-south arsenic soil pollution trend, both 6 and 18 months after the spill, and suggest a small reduction in total soil arsenic levels occurred over time; although a significant increase in extractable arsenic is also noted. The two macrophytes (Typha dominguensis and Scirpus maritimus) studied herein are not accumulating arsenic in stem parts, however, accumulation of arsenic on iron plaque on the roots of these plants may be occurring. Further work is recommended in order to determine the ecotoxicological significance of this process in relation to the avian food-chains of Do?ana, and elsewhere. 相似文献
118.
119.
Amphibian Phenology and Climate Change 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
120.