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楼板对钢筋混凝土框架结构受力性能影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
汶川8级地震震害调查发现,这次地震中现浇钢筋混凝土框架结构多发生"强梁弱柱"型破坏,这与规范中"强柱弱梁"抗震设计原则相悖。为探究其原因,采用ABAQUS软件对钢筋混凝土带楼板框架和空框架结构进行了侧向加载情况的性能分析。通过对比纵向梁端钢筋应力变化和柱端钢筋应力变化,以及分析不同侧向位移对应的楼板钢筋的应力变化情况,指出楼板对梁端抗负弯矩能力的增强有很大贡献。研究了节点类型、楼板钢筋材性、侧向位移、梁高、梁跨和板厚等因素对纵向梁端处楼板有效宽度的影响规律,提出了负弯矩作用下梁端处楼板有效宽度的取值方法。 相似文献
463.
突发事件连锁反应的实证研究——以2008年初我国南方冰雪灾害为例 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
从突发事件连锁反应分析,认为2008年初我国南方的冰雪灾害是由自然灾害引发的连锁反应事件。选择了新浪网冰雪灾害报道专题的近4 000篇报道作为数据源,从时间、空间和事件角度揭示了此次冰雪灾害的演化过程,并分析了事件扩散的原因。 相似文献
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Examining the interpersonal process and consequence of leader–member exchange comparison: The role of procedural justice climate 下载免费PDF全文
Individuals are always sensitive to their relative standing in interpersonal comparison processes of leader–member exchanges (LMXs) in teams. Little research, however, has investigated whether coworkers with a higher LMX influence the emotional and behavioral reactions of individuals with a lower LMX in different dyads. Drawing on social comparison theory and the symbolic model of procedural justice (PJ) climate, we conducted 2 independent studies—an experimental study focusing on the self‐perceived upward LMX comparison (i.e., an individual perceives that a coworker's LMX is higher than the LMX that he or she has with the supervisor; N = 203; Study 1: American working adults) and a field survey study focusing on the other‐perceived downward LMX comparison (i.e., a coworker perceives that his or her own LMX is higher than the LMX that the individual has with the supervisor; N = 177; Study 2: Chinese software engineers). Results from these studies consistently revealed that a coworker's higher LMX elicits an individual's hostile emotions when the PJ climate is low but that this relationship is buffered when the PJ climate is high. Results of both studies also showed that the coworker's higher LMX arouses the individual to direct harmful behavior toward that coworker (via the individual's feelings of hostility) when the PJ climate is low but not when it is high. 相似文献
466.
群体感应抑制剂(QSIs)具有不产生抗药性的特点,从而被作为抗生素的可能替代品,具有广阔的应用前景,因此其存在着与传统抗生素环境联合暴露的可能,但是目前尚缺乏相关联合效应的研究。本文以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)为受试生物,测定了7种QSIs(DL-焦谷氨酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、呋喃酮乙酸酯、2-甲基四氢呋喃-3-酮、3,4-二溴-2(5H)-呋喃酮、(R)-3-吡咯烷醇、D-脯氨醇)分别与磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)和盐酸强力霉素(DH)的二元联合毒性,并初步探讨了它们的联合作用机制。结果表明,前5种QSIs作用于AI-2类信号分子介导的群体感应系统,与AI-2类信号分子竞争结合LsrB蛋白,此通路与SMX、DH的作用通路互不影响,因此联合效应为相加;后2种QSIs作用于AI-1类信号分子介导的群体感应系统,与AI-1类信号分子竞争结合SdiA蛋白,而SMX、DH的作用可能刺激SdiA蛋白的表达,从而需要消耗更多的QSIs与SdiA结合,因而联合效应为拮抗。本实验研究可为传统抗生素与QSIs联合暴露的生态风险评价提供一定理论基础。 相似文献
467.
Zuoqing Yuan Jianyong Zhang Lili Zhao Jing Li Hongbin Liu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(22):18188-18194
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are the two best-known perfluorinated chemicals and have received much attention due to their ubiquity in the environment. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of PFOS and PFOA on acute toxicity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and cellulase activities in Eisenia fetida. The results of acute toxicity testing using a filter paper contact test and a natural field soil test showed that PFOA and PFOS exhibited acute toxicity in earthworms, and the toxic effect of PFOS was greater than that of PFOA. The results also showed that avoidance behavior is a more sensitive and easy operation biomarker than acute toxicity and will give us information for early diagnosis of soil pollution, well before the lethal effect becomes apparent. Subchronic exposure to PFOA or PFOS resulted in changes in SOD and cellulase activities in E. fetida, and SOD activity was more sensitive than cellulase activity during early exposure. Based on these findings, we suggest that avoidance behavior and SOD activity in earthworms are suitable biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity of PFOA- and PFOS-contaminated soils. These results indicate that exposure to PFOA and PFOS has a potential impact on soil animals and their environment. 相似文献
468.
Yan Zheng Qu Yanxin Liu Lili Ge Xinlei Yang Jiayao Wei Lihong Yang Tianhua Wang Xidong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24473-24484
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A composite catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 is investigated, in which the rare earth (RE, including La, Ce, Pr,... 相似文献
469.
Poudel Jeeban Ohm Tae-In Gu Jae Hoi Shin Myung Chul Oh Sea Cheon 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(2):917-927
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This paper describes the effect of torrefaction on the characteristics of empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm kernel shell (PKS). The torrefaction... 相似文献
470.