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531.
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召开公众意见听证会,是尊重公众自由表达权的具体体现,也是收集公众建议和意见,改进政府决策,建设以人为本的和谐社会的重要平台。 相似文献
533.
本文详细介绍了国内外采用升流式厌氧污泥层反应器处理城市污水的研究和应用现状,阐述了与其相关的理论与技术问题,分析了目前在生产中采用的三种主要工艺流程及运行效果并提出了令后的发展方向. 相似文献
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煤和聚丙烯腈炭化过程中负载铁原子在表面与体相间的质量迁移 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用XPS和Ar^+离子刻蚀技术,研究了炭化过程中铁原子在煤和聚丙烯腈表面和体相间的质量分布规律。结果发现,随炭化进行铁原子由表面向体相迁移和富集,炭化温度升高,迁移和富集增加,表面浓度逐渐降低,以致铁原子沿粒子径向呈浓度梯度分布。 相似文献
536.
Biodegradation of polymeric materials affect a wide range of industries, information on degradability can provide fundamental information facilitating design and life-time analysis of materials. Among the methods currently used in testing, traditional gravimetric and respirometric techniques are tailored to readily degradable polymeric materials mostly and polymer blends with biodegradable components, but they are not applicable to the new generation of engineering polymers which are relatively resistant to biodegradation. However, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been tested for monitoring biodeterioration of high strength materials and the technique has very high sensitivity. A wide range of materials including electronic insulation polyimides, fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (FRPCs) and corrosion protective polyurethane coatings have been successfully measured under inoculation of degradative microorganisms using EIS. In addition, the mechanism of degradation of high strength polymers is mainly due to the presence of plasticizers in the polymer matrices. The information on various methods discussed in this review is intended to illustrate a suite of methods for those who are interested in testing biodeterioration of polymeric materials under different environmental conditions and in selecting appropriate techniques for specific applications. 相似文献
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Leachate recirculation: moisture content assessment by means of a geophysical technique 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Guérin R Munoz ML Aran C Laperrelle C Hidra M Drouart E Grellier S 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2004,24(8):785-794
Bioreactor technology is a waste treatment concept consisting in speeding up the biodegradation of landfilled waste by optimizing its moisture content through leachate recirculation. The measurement of variations in waste moisture content is critical in the design and control of bioreactors. Conventional methods such as direct physical sampling of waste reach their limits due to the interference with the waste matrix. This paper reviews geophysical measurements such as electrical direct current and electromagnetic slingram methods for measuring the electrical conductivity. Electrical conductivity is a property, which is linked to both moisture and temperature and can provide useful indications on the biodegradation environment in the waste mass. The study reviews three site experiments: a first experimentation shows the advantages (correlation between conductive anomaly and water seepage) but also the limits of geophysical interpretation; the two other sites allow the leachate recirculation to be tracked by studying the relative resistivity variation versus time from electrical 2D imaging. Even if some improvements are necessary to consider geophysical measurements as a real bioreactor monitoring tool, results are promising and could lead to the use of electrical 2D imaging in bioreactor designing. 相似文献
539.
A sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate river temperature variations in response to changes in hydraulic and meteorological conditions. The effects of instream flow, river geometry, and weather factors on daily mean and daily maximum river temperatures are quantified by analytical solutions to a simplified model. The influence coefficient method is used to determine river temperature sensitivity. The sensitivity analysis presents quantitative evidence that river temperatures are more sensitive to instream flowrate, upstream inflow temperature, air temperature, humidity and solar radiation than to other parameters including wind speed and channel geometry and morphometry. It is found that the sensitivity of river temperatures to flow is as significant as that to weather. Daily maximum river temperature is more sensitive to flowrate than daily mean temperature. Adapting the concept of 'diminishing returns', a critical instream flowrate is identified, which divides high and low sensitivity of water temperatures to flowrate. The critical flowrate can be used to determine practically achievable and economically feasible flow requirements for summer river temperature control. The sensitivity results can assist in streamflow management and reservoir operation for protections of habitat and aquatic environment. 相似文献
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