厌氧过程在厌氧－好氧工艺处理染料工业废水中的作用

采用厌氧－好氧工艺处理一种染料工业废水,在进水COD为1200mg／L,色度为500倍时,厌氧段有机负荷(COD)小于5．3kg／(m-3·d),水力停留时间6～10h,好氧段水力停留时间6．5h的条件下,出水COD＜200mg／L,色度＜50倍,达到了排放标准。同时,还着重讨论了厌氧段在去除COD、色度以及提高废水在好氧条件下的可生化性方面的独特作用。      

杂环化合物好氧生物降解性能与其化学结构相关性的研究

应用有机物结构－活性定量关系方法（QSAR）对杂环化合物的好氧生物降解性能与其化学结构间的关系进行定性、定量分析。阐明了单环杂环化合物以及与苯环稠合形成的双环及三环杂环化合物生物降解性能的规律性,研究了影响其降解性能的主要因素。以分子连接性指数IXV及前线最高占据轨道能E_HOMO为自变量参数,建立了杂环化合物的生物降解速率常数与_IX_{V及EHOMO间的定量关系。}     

生物促生剂在乙二醇装置废水处理中的应用

为解决乙二醇装置废水处理系统生化段泡沫过多、臭味过重、出水不能达到设计标准的问题,在该系统中投加生物促生剂Bio Energizer(BE)。结果表明,BE有效去除了系统生化段的泡沫和臭味;出水COD平均值由1117mg／L降低至125mg／L;系统中污泥的颜色由黑色转变为土黄色。同时,系统的废水处理能力提高了41．19％。因此,在不增加任何基建投入的情况下,投加BE可以解决新增废水的处理问题,大大节约了投资和运营成本。     

Biodegradation of 2-methylisoborneol by bacteria enriched from biological activated carbon

One of the most common taste and odour compounds (TOCs) in drinking water is 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) which cannot be readily removed by conventional water treatments. Four bacterial strains for degrading 2-MIB were isolated from the surface of a biological activated carbon filter, and were characterized as Micrococcus spp., Flavobacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp. based on 16S rRNA analysis. The removal efficiencies of 2-MIB with initial concentrations of 515 ng·L^-1 were 98.4%, 96.3%, 95.0%, and 92.8% for Micrococcus spp., Flavobacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp., respectively. These removal efficiencies were slightly higher than those with initial concentration at 4.2 mg·L^-1 (86.1%, 84.4%, 86.7% and 86.0%, respectively). The kinetic model showed that biodegradation of 2-MIB at an initial dose of 4.2 mg·L^-1 was a pseudo-first-order reaction, with rate constants of 0.287, 0.277, 0.281, and 0.294 d^-1, respectively. These degraders decomposed 2-MIB to form 2-methylenebornane and 2-methyl-2-bornane as the products.     

新钢2×210t转炉二次除尘系统设计

新钢三期技改工程中,炼钢转炉非工艺除尘系统,包括铁水预处理、转炉二次除尘、精炼除尘及辅料上料系统除尘。针对转炉二次除尘工艺流程、主要设备参数、系统技术优势以及运行效果进行了叙述,项目投产后运行良好,烟气排放达标。     

Genetic diversity,clonality and connectivity in the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis: a multi-scale analysis in an insular,fragmented reef system

Clonality and genetic structure of the coral Pocillopora damicornis sensu lato were assessed using five microsatellites in 12 populations from four islands of the Society Archipelago (French Polynesia) sampled in June 2008. The 427 analysed specimens fell into 132 multilocus genotypes (MLGs), suggesting that asexual reproduction plays an important role in the maintenance of these populations. A haploweb analysis of ITS2 sequences of each MLG was consistent with all of them being conspecific. Genetic differentiation was detected both between and within islands, but when a single sample per MLG was included in the analyses, the populations turned out to be nearly panmictic. These observations provide further evidence of the marked variability in reproductive strategies and genetic structure of P. damicornis throughout its geographic range; comparison with results previously obtained for the congeneric species Pocillopora meandrina underlines the importance of life history traits in shaping the genetic structure of coral populations.     

99 % yield biodiesel production from rapeseed oil using benzyl bromide–CaO catalyst

Biofuels are sustainable fuels produced from modern biomass such as plants and algae. Biodiesel has high lubricity and ultra-low sulfur content. Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oil by transesterification. Actually, practical biodiesel production is limited by the low reaction rate of transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol catalyzed by CaO. Here we designed an efficient catalyst: benzyl bromide-modified CaO. Using benzyl bromide-modified CaO, we obtained a 99.2 % yield of fatty acid methyl esters in 3 h, compared with 35.3 % yield using commercial CaO under the same reaction conditions. The improved catalytic activity is explained by better fat diffusion to the surface of the benzyl bromide-modified CaO. The novelty of our findings is the much higher yield of our method compared to literature data on heterogeneous catalysis. In addition, the lifetime of our catalyst is excellent.     

基于改进型AES算法汽车门禁系统的研究

汽车门禁系统已成为汽车智能与安全领域的重要一部分.车主手持智能钥匙靠近汽车,通过车载基站与钥匙的双频通信,实现车门的开与关,还可实现发动机的一键启动.同时,对信号加密采用了改进的AES算法,加入了循环扩展密钥,加大了密码的破解难度.并对整个系统进行了建模仿真,分析了信号传输的误码率.图6,表1,参5.     

高炉干法除尘系统噪声控制技术

高炉干法除尘系统主要噪声源为煤气调压阀组。在煤气调压阀组下游加装带整流栅的消声器,解决了此类消声器易被吹坏的问题,振动也得到缓解。另外采用隔声罩和局部包扎,可控制噪声。此项技术在鞍钢鲅鱼圈等厂应用,消声器下游噪声降至90 dB以下。经过进一步开发,研制成功了新型高炉煤气调压阀组与降噪减振成套装置,可在不加隔声罩的情况下,使噪声达到国家标准。     

苯胺的超临界水氧化研究1

苯胺的超临界水氧化表明,氧化剂Ｈ２Ｏ２、试验温度、压力和停留时间以及水样的起始ＴＯＣ值对ＴＯＣ的去除率有显著影响．在本试验中,选取了硫酸铜、硫酸铁、硫酸锰等金属盐进行苯胺的均相催化氧化试验研究,结果表明,这些金属盐对苯胺的氧化有不同的催化活性,筛选出硫酸锰和和硫酸亚铁进行了进一步的研究．以硫酸锰作催化剂为例,在４５０℃,２８ＭＰａ,Ｋ＝１．１,ｐＨ＝４．０的条件下,当停留时间为４６ｓ时,ＴＯＣ去除率达到１００%．