Electrochemical Degradation of Chitosan Using Ti/Sb–SnO2 Electrode

The electrochemical degradation of chitosan using Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode was studied in this work. The experimental results showed that as a non-active electrode with high oxygen potential, Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode had a good efficiency for degrading chitosan. The kinetic behavior of electrochemical degradation of chitosan using Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode and the function relationship between experimental parameters and degradation rate constant were also investigated. The kinetic analysis revealed that this electrochemical process using Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode obeyed the zeroth–order reaction kinetics under the experimental conditions examined. The degradation rate constant at Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode had the linear relationship with 1.13 power of current density, ?1.36 power of initial concentration of chitosan and 0.19 power of concentration of acetic acid, The temperature dependences of the degradation rate constant could be expressed by the Arrhenius equation. The concentration of sodium acetate had a negligible influence on the degradation rate constant.     

Effects of Wood Fiber and Microclay on the Performance of Soy Based Polyurethane Foams

Various polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by in situ reaction of isocyanate and soy-based polyol. The effects of wood fiber and microclay on the foam morphologies, mechanical properties and thermal behaviors of PU foams were investigated. NCO index had fundamental impacts on the influences of wood fiber and microclay on the performance of PU foams. The reinforcement behavior of flexible foams was different to that of both semi-rigid and rigid foams. Both fiber and microclay improved the compressive strength at a high NCO index of 140–250, and contributed to relative high decomposition temperatures. Unlike the compressive strength, the tensile strength was decreased due to the amount of hard polyurea formation from secondary reactions at the highest NCO level. In addition, wood fiber had different reinforcement mechanism from microclay. Wood fiber desired to form chemical bonds during foaming while microclay had potential to form physical insertions. This difference was expressed by the change of their thermal degradation temperature.     

本世纪华东地区两种不同空间分布类型的地震活动性分析

综合分析本世纪以来华东地区地震资料相对可靠的中强地震活动,发现前后两阶段有着不同的空间分布类型。第１阶段地震活动集中在苏鲁近海、菏泽一带及大别山地区,呈环状分布。而１９７１年以来的第２阶段中强地震全都分布在菏泽至溧阳北西向一线的东北一侧,并呈网络性分布。其中已经发生的３次６级以上地震都分布在上阶段较少地震活动的苏南至长江口及邻近海域。同时分析研究了各阶段地震活动特点,以及由于受北东、北西向构造控制影响,所划分华东地区三大部分地震活动在两阶段出现的震场迁移。最后指出该地区目前应重点注意苏南至长江口及邻近地区的地震活动。     

Clay mineral adsorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewater: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Heavy metal pollution such as water contamination by Pb, Hg, Cu, Cd and Cr ions is induced by rapid urbanization and industrialization and is a major threat to...     

汪洋沟表层沉积物中总氮含量和氨氮释放特征

对汪洋沟6个样点沉积物样品的总氮含量以及沉积物中NH4+-N的释放动力学特征、释放潜能进行了研究。结果表明,汪洋沟沉积物中总氮含量在0.368~2.036 g/kg之间,平均值为1.037 g/kg。NH4+-N最大释放量在0.258~0.705 g/kg之间,释放主要集中在0~5 min内,约占最大释放量的79%~84%;随后释放速率逐渐放缓,到120 min后基本达到释放平衡。运用无限稀释法对沉积物NH4+-N释放潜能进行测定表明,汪洋沟沉积物NH4+-N释放潜能在0.351~0.706 g/kg之间,在水土质量比约为2 500时,NH4+-N释放量达到最大,随后释放逐渐趋于平衡。汪洋沟沉积物NH4+-N释放潜能及最大释放量与总氮含量呈正相关。汪洋沟沉积物中总氮含量与NH4+-N释放潜能低于洱海,与长江中下游湖泊相近,汪洋沟沉积物氨氮释放存在一定的风险。     

浓缩脱水污泥水混凝预处理效果及混凝剂的选择

以白龙港污水处理厂浓缩脱水污泥水为处理对象,考察了聚合氯化铝(PAC)对污泥水颗粒物沉降特性和污染物去除效果的影响,比较了PAC、聚合氯化铁(PFC)、阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(cPAM)和阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(aPAM)对浓缩脱水污泥水的预处理效果.实验结果表明,PAC的投加可以去除颗粒态污染物和溶解态的磷,但其形成絮体粒径随PAC投加量增大而减小,导致污泥沉降性能恶化.因此,PAC不适合浓缩脱水污泥水的混凝预处理.与PAC相比,投加PFC、cPAM和aPAM均能有效去除颗粒态污染物,并改善污泥水沉降性能,其中cPAM的预处理效果最佳.     

UASBB-两段接触氧化处理规模化猪场废水的中试研究

研究了中试上流式厌氧污泥床生物膜反应器(UASBB)-两段生物接触氧化(BCO)处理规模化猪场废水工艺。结果表明,经过227 d运行,UASBB中成功地实现了同步厌氧氨氧化甲烷化反硝化;两段BCO经45 d成功地挂膜,并控制一段BCO池DO 1.4~1.8 mg/L,实现短程硝化积累NO2--N;耦合UASBB和两段BCO,回流一段BCO的NO2--N,确定最佳外回流比为300%; COD负荷达2.81 kg/(m3·d),中试系统对规模化猪场二级沼液、一级沼液、原水COD的去除率分别为94.7%、93%和96.9%,TN负荷达0.487 kg/(m3·d),去除率分别为84.1%、82.8%和84.7%,NH4+-N负荷达0.293 kg/(m3·d),去除率分别为92%、92.9%和88.5%;出水水质符合《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB 18596-2001)。     

降解H2S功能菌的分离及降解特性

从污水处理厂曝气池污泥中分离纯化得到一株革兰氏阴性杆菌,命名为Y1.通过生理生化特性分析和16S rDNA序列测定,初步鉴定为纤维化纤维微细菌(Cellulosimicrobium cellulans).测定该菌株的生长曲线,知其延迟期约24 h,对数生长期约持续26 h,稳定期约持续18 h.通过单因素及正交实验考察了pH值、温度及摇床转速对该菌株生长情况的影响.结果表明,菌株的适宜生长条件为:pH值为6.5、温度为32℃,摇床转速为150 r/min.在适宜条件下培养菌株,其脱除高浓度H2S的效率可达98.29%.     

资本主义在班布里奇MBA学院被绿化

学生们围成一圈,在255英亩森林环绕着的一所漂亮的现代化房子中。