Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China. It serves many social, economic, and ecological purposes in the
drainage basin. Unfortunately, the water has been heavily polluted due to rapid industrialization and urbanization during
the last two decades. Notwithstanding great efforts made so far to improve the water quality, the environmental situation
is still far from being optimistic. The basin and the lake are facing a range of severe environmental challenges: rapid socio-economic
development continues to place great pressures on the environment, current pollution control projects have many problems from
the viewpoint of effectiveness and efficiency of their implementations, and the non-point sources of pollution such as agricultural
fields, for which control is more difficult than for industrial point sources, have become the main contributors to serious
eutrophication of the lake. Considering the characteristics of the environmental challenges and problems confronting the basin
and the lake, we focus on integrated environmental management (IEM) as a promising and effective approach to overcome these
predicaments. Current practices and problems of environmental management in the basin are examined, and potential future developments
are discussed. Three aspects of the IEM are emphasized: institutional cooperation, public participation, and internalization
of environmental externalities. We think these are the most critical for not only the basin but also for the whole of China
to achieve a sustainable society. 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The copper recovery from waste printed circuit boards is of great significance to protect natural resource and environment. Direct current... 相似文献
Individuals are always sensitive to their relative standing in interpersonal comparison processes of leader–member exchanges (LMXs) in teams. Little research, however, has investigated whether coworkers with a higher LMX influence the emotional and behavioral reactions of individuals with a lower LMX in different dyads. Drawing on social comparison theory and the symbolic model of procedural justice (PJ) climate, we conducted 2 independent studies—an experimental study focusing on the self‐perceived upward LMX comparison (i.e., an individual perceives that a coworker's LMX is higher than the LMX that he or she has with the supervisor; N = 203; Study 1: American working adults) and a field survey study focusing on the other‐perceived downward LMX comparison (i.e., a coworker perceives that his or her own LMX is higher than the LMX that the individual has with the supervisor; N = 177; Study 2: Chinese software engineers). Results from these studies consistently revealed that a coworker's higher LMX elicits an individual's hostile emotions when the PJ climate is low but that this relationship is buffered when the PJ climate is high. Results of both studies also showed that the coworker's higher LMX arouses the individual to direct harmful behavior toward that coworker (via the individual's feelings of hostility) when the PJ climate is low but not when it is high. 相似文献
The core zone of the Yancheng National Natural Reserve (YNNR) in China is the largest wintering habitat of red-crowned cranes (cranes) in the world. However, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) not only changed the original landscape structure of the wetlands but also impacted the cranes’ habitats in the YNNR. In this paper, field investigation data and landscape pattern indices were used to analyze the effects of the S. alterniflora invasion on the habitat quality of wintering cranes. The results indicate that the seep weed (Suaeda salsa) in the natural wetland and the common reed (Phragmites australis) in the managed wetland both provide suitable habitats for cranes. However, the cranes prefer the natural wetland more. The explosive growth of S. alterniflora in the natural area has led to a significant reduction of the cranes’ habitat. The area of crane habitat decreased from 52.07 km2 in 2000 to 22.36 km2 in 2015. As a result of the S. alterniflora invasion, the benthic biomass has declined, which has negatively impacted the quantity and structure of the food utilized by the cranes. This study has both theoretical and practical significance and provides a scientific basis for protecting the wintering habitat of the red-crowned cranes.