SVR与BP神经网络对小流域次降雨侵蚀产沙预测结果的比较

运用支持向量回归机(Support Vector Regression Machine)与BP神经网络对小流域次降雨侵蚀产沙进行预测.侵蚀产沙输入变量选取降雨量、降雨强度、径流深和洪峰流量模数,流域次降雨侵蚀输沙量为输出变量.以SVR、BP神经网络的预测值与实际值的绝对误差和相对误差作为评价指标.实验表明,SVR的预测精度和稳定性优于BP神经网络.     

便携式 GC-MS在快速查找污染源中的应用

由挥发性有机物（VOCs）造成的“化工异味”污染问题,已成为淄博市临淄区的主要环境问题之一。当城区或某一区域闻到“化工异味”时,能不能利用HAPSITE便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）,快速到达信访投诉问题的污染现场,通过及时、准确的取样分析,根据特征污染物及气象条件,帮助判断、查找出污染物来自哪家企业,以此敦促企业强化环境管理,明晰责任,最大限度的防止化工废气非正常排放,减少“化工异味”污染。经近一年的工作实践,当能检出一定浓度的特征污染物时,可有效帮助查找到污染源,减少了工作的盲动性与被动性。     

2008年阿左旗沙尘天气分析

本文通过对阿左旗2008年3－5月的空气总悬浮颗粒物浓度进行监测,分析该地区空气中颗粒物含量与沙尘天气状况。结果表明：根据空气总悬浮颗粒物浓度的沙尘天气分级标准,2008年3－5月大气中TSP平均浓度值分别为：0．556mg／m3,0．459mg／m3,0．395mg／m3,由3－5月总体呈现下降的趋势。阿左旗大气中TSP浓度符合国家环境空气质量二级标准。3－5月期间共发生9次沙尘天气,其中浮尘天气7次、扬沙天气2次。沙尘天气的频率以3月最高,4月其次,5月最低。     

佳木斯市声环境质量概括及状况分析研究

目前,噪声污染作为城市的四大公害之一,随着城市规模、交通运输和娱乐业的发展,噪声污染的信访案件也在不断的增加。近几年,佳木斯市的噪声污染问题也在不断突显,以佳木斯市“十一五”期间的噪声监测数据为基础,介绍了城市声环境质量状况,并通过对道路交通、社会生活等声环境监测结果来反映道路交通、社会生活等声环境质量的变化趋势、声环境污染特征及声质量变化趋势等问题进行分析,并提出了佳木斯市噪声污染防治的意见及建议。     

大庆市餐厨垃圾现状及处理技术探讨研究

在生活中,我们每个人每一天都会制造很多的生活垃圾,其中包括餐厨垃圾,它主要包括厨余和泔脚,二者的化学组成、物料结构以及初始微生物量均存在差异,并且餐厨垃圾会对人们的身体健康造成严重的影响,同时餐厨垃圾的乱倒乱扔,对于市容环境也存在一定的影响,严重时会影响到当地的生态平衡。本文对大庆市餐厨垃圾的来源、产生量、物理特征以及处理现状进行了认真的研究与分析,提出了适合大庆市市情的措施与对策,以实现餐厨垃圾的无害化、减量化和资源化。     

Prospect of China's ambient air quality standards

Ambient air quality standards are the core strategic goal of ambient air quality management. Countries worldwide have given importance to research on the development of ambient air quality standards. To understand the history of the development of China's ambient air quality standards, this study analyzed the background associated with all previous formulations and revisions of the standards, classification of functional areas, standard grading, pollutants, and evolution of the standard limits over the past 40 years. The results show that since the initial release of the “Ambient Air Quality Standard” by China in 1982, it has been supplemented once, revised twice, and modified twice. The first ambient air quality standard specified the standard limits of six pollutants commonly found in ambient air. With the development of ambient air quality management, the number of pollutants has increased to ten. Since the release of the “Ambient Air Quality Standards” in 2012, the ambient air quality in China has significantly improved. However, the proportion of cities meeting these standards is still low. At present, China is suitably positioned to make the standards associated with 24 hr SO₂ concentrations more stringent such that it meets the values defined in the World Health Organization (WHO) interim target-2 and the WHO air quality guideline (AQG). We further suggested that the SO₂ standard should be revised promptly. Simultaneously, regions with a relatively high proportion of cities meeting the standard are encouraged to introduce more stringent interim target limits in due course to manage the local ambient air quality.     

Optimization analysis of silver extraction from waste monolithic ceramic capacitor using persulfate-ammonia system

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Monolithic ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) contain a high level of silver. This paper describes a method to recover silver from the waste MLCCs. First,...     

Fenton复合调理剂对污泥脱水性能的影响研究

通过传统Fenton法、Fenton-表面活性剂法和Fenton-生石灰法进行污泥调理单因素实验.研究各单因素对调理效果的影响情况.对比单因素实验结果得出较合适的污泥调理方法为Fenton-生石灰法.最佳工艺参数是反应时间为30 min,反应温度为30℃,反应pH值为3,H2O2/Fe2+为2.5,Fe2+投加量为20 mg/gDS,Ca2+投加量为40 mg/gDS.经Fenton-生石灰法调理后污泥比阻降至0.58×108 s2/g,污泥脱水性能得到提高.     

软土震陷研究现状与展望

震陷造成软弱地基上建筑物沉降导致建筑物的破坏,这一现象已引起人们的广泛关注。震陷是软土地区的主要震害之一,但由于软土自身强度低、渗透性低、灵敏度高、压缩性高、固结时间长的特征,导致震陷机理非常复杂。现阶段造成软土震陷的机理还没有取得共识,震陷的判别方法和震陷量的估算还存在一定的争议,从软土震陷的评估及判别、机理及影响因素、计算方法等方面评述了软土震陷发展现状,讨论其存在的问题,并提出下一步的研究设想与展望。     

Biodegradability of plastics: the issues,recent advances,and future perspectives

Environmental Science and Pollution Research -