芬顿氧化法处理水中酸性品红的研究

研究了酸性品红在Fenton体系中的降解过程,反应30 min后,在[Fe2+]0=0.06 mmol/L、[H2O2]0=0.3 mmol/L、pH=3、T=30℃的条件下,初始浓度为20 mg/L的酸性品红的去除率达到97%以上。升高反应温度,有利于Fenton体系中酸性品红的降解,但影响并不显著。根据不同温度下的速率常数,并结合Arrhenius方程求出了Fenton试剂降解酸性品红的反应活化能,仅为11.63 kJ/mol。C1?的存在对酸性品红在Fenton体系中的降解表现出明显的阻碍作用,并且随着C1?浓度的增加,抑制作用越来越大;SO24-和NO3-的存在也降低了Fenton试剂的氧化性能。     

重金属离子对活性污泥处理污水的影响

研究了Hg2+、Cd2+、Pb2+3种金属离子对活性污泥系统处理污水效能的影响。通过对出水理化指标和生物指标的测定反映Hg2+、Cd2+、Pb2+对活性污泥系统运转效能的影响。结果表明:实验第4 d,Hg2+(0.3、0.4、0.5和0.6 mg/L),Cd2+(15、20、25和30 mg/L)和Pb2+(300、400、600和800 mg/L)各实验组出水的COD、SVI等均有显著影响。在实验中得出,对COD影响最为明显的为浓度600 mg/L和800 mg/L Pb2+实验组,在第4 d时,出水的COD去除率已经为零。锐利楯纤虫对Hg2+的浓度变化耐受力较强;点钟虫对Cd2+的浓度变化耐受力较强;杯钟虫对Cd2+的浓度变化耐受力较强。锐利楯纤虫对Pb2+和Cd2+的浓度变化较为敏感;点钟虫对Hg2+的浓度变化较为敏感;小口钟虫对Pb2+的浓度变化较为敏感。     

A/O生物法处理石化废水的研究

为了处理水质组成复杂,毒性大、有机物浓度较高的石化废水,采用先厌氧后好氧（即A/O生物法）的处理方法。研究结果表明,石化废水经厌氧处理后,其好氧可生化性提高20％～40％;当厌氧反应器进水有机负荷为5.2kgCOD/m³·d,水力停留时间为24h时,BOD5去除率为85％,COD去除率为83％,油去除率为91.1％;当曝气池污泥负荷为0.45kgCOD/kgMLSS·d,水力停留时间为4h时,BOD₅去除率为94.1％,COD去除率为92.7％,油去除率为96.3％。系统COD总去除率为85％～96％,BOD₅总去除率为95％～99％。A/O生物法为石化废水处理提供了理论依据。     

我国3条高速公路隧道污染状况调查

为了控制高速公路隧道的空气和噪声污染,对中梁山,梧桐山和七道梁隧道进行了现场调查,结果表明,机械通风可以有效地控制隧道内的空气污染,隧道内的主要噪声声源是交通流,其所产生的噪声远超过规范值,因此,应积极开展隧道减噪技术研究。     

China's natural wetlands: past problems, current status, and future challenges

Natural wetlands, occupying 3.8% of China's land and providing 54.9% of ecosystem services, are unevenly distributed among eight wetland regions. Natural wetlands in China suffered great loss and degradation (e.g., 23.0% freshwater swamps, 51.2% costal wetlands) because of the wetland reclamation during China's long history of civilization, and the population pressure and the misguided policies over the last 50 years. Recently, with an improved understanding that healthy wetland ecosystems play a vital role in her sustainable economic development, China started major efforts in wetland conservation, as signified by the policy to return reclaimed croplands to wetlands, the funding of billions of dollars to restore degraded wetlands, and the national plan to place 90% of natural wetlands under protection by 2030. This paper describes the current status of the natural wetlands in China, reviews past problems, and discusses current efforts and future challenges in protecting China's natural wetlands.     

Photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxides using TiO2 loading on woven glass fabric

TiO2 loading on woven glass fabric is applied to treat nitrogen oxides (NOx) by photocatalytic oxidation (PCO). In this paper, the PCO behavior of NO at high concentrations was studied by PCO of NOx at source levels (20-168 ppm). The PCO efficiency reached 27% in this experiment, while the inlet NOx concentration was 168 ppm (147 ppm NO). The dependency of the reaction rate on several key influencing factors (relative humidity, space time, inlet concentration, oxygen percentage) was also studied. The results illustrate that the resulting hydroxyl radical and active oxide play an important role in the oxidation of NOx. The reactions are limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium after ca. 15s space time. A possible explanation for the catalyst deactivation is the accumulation of nitric acid and nitrous acid on the TiO2 surface during the PCO of NOx. However, the photocatalytic activity can be recovered with a simple heat treatment. The results from the study of the effect of the inlet concentration were described with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.     

广州城市绿地系统景观生态学分析

绿地是城市这个人工景观中最重要的自然要素。以往对绿地的研究主要集中于能量流动等功能方面,很少涉及空间结构,在本文中,将利用景观生态学中的原理和方法,分析广州市绿地景观的异质性,并提出一些建议。     

赤泥对电解锰渣中可溶性锰离子固化效果研究

为了探讨赤泥固化电解锰渣中可溶性锰离子的固化效果和可行性,本文采用X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等分析手段,对比评估了新鲜赤泥、陈旧赤泥(堆放1年以上)、生石灰以及陈旧赤泥复合生石灰等固化剂在不同添加剂量下对电解锰渣中可溶性锰离子的固化效果,并初步阐释了赤泥固化电解锰渣中可溶性...     

Effects of straw decayed products of four crops on the amelioration of soil acidity and maize growth in two acidic Ultisols

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Variable charge soils have low agricultural productivity associated with low pH, low cation exchange capacity (CEC), and low pH buffering capacity...     

Experimental study of pore characteristics and radon exhalation of uranium tailing solidified bodies in acidic environments

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The pore characteristics and radon exhalation of uranium tailings solidified in an acid environment were investigated in this study. Tailings from the...