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931.
精神活性物质是一类摄入人体后对中枢神经系统具有强烈兴奋或抑制作用的新型污染物,其在水环境中的存在可能对水生生物、水生态系统甚至人体健康产生潜在的危害。为评价太湖中精神活性物质的污染水平和生态风险,利用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法检测了太湖19条入湖河流中13种典型精神活性物质的质量浓度和空间分布规律。结果表明,在太湖19条入湖河流中除苯甲酰牙子碱(BE)和去甲氯胺酮(NK)外,其余11种目标物均有检出,质量浓度范围为n.d.~43.2 ng·L~(-1)。其中麻黄碱(EPH)的检出率和中间浓度最高,分别为100%和11.0 ng·L~(-1);其次为甲基苯丙胺(METH),检出频率为58%,浓度中值为1.0 ng·L~(-1);苯丙胺(AMP)在东部湖区均未检出。大部分精神活性物质浓度水平较高的河流分布在竺山湾和西太湖,而海洛因(HR)的高值区主要在南太湖。运用风险熵方法对其进行风险评估,结果显示,太湖流域地表水中检出的13种精神活性物质的风险熵值均<0.1,生态风险较低,但其对水生生态系统的长期和综合风险值得关注。 相似文献
932.
Yanxiu Guo Chaoyun Wang Xingren Pan Xiaofei Dong Wansong Zong 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(3):230-238
AbstractCiprofloxacin (CPFX) and enrofloxacin (ENFX), two of the most widely used fluoroquinolones (FQs), pose a great threat to humans and the ecosystem. In this study, the toxic mechanisms between the two FQs and trypsin were evaluated by means of multiple spectroscopic methods, as well as molecular docking. During the fluorescence investigations, both FQs quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of trypsin effectively, which was due to the formation of moderately strong complexes (mainly through van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds). The binding of two FQs not only caused the conformational and micro-environmental changes of trypsin, but also changed its molecular activity; shown by the UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, and functional tests. The established methods in this work can help to comprehensively understand the transport of FQs in the human body. 相似文献
933.
The coupling of sand with ZVI/oxidants achieved proportional and highly efficient removal of arsenic
Sana Ullah Xuejun Guo Xiaoyan Luo Xiangyuan Zhang Yameng Li Ziyu Liang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):94
934.
935.
为了探究热脱附装置降低能耗的方法,对新疆油田某井油基岩屑热脱附处理工艺参数进行了研究。结果表明:在残渣的含油率≤2%的标准下,当加热温度、停留时间、油基岩屑固相含量这3个关键因素变量分别为350~550℃、35~55 min、60%~90%时,油基岩屑热脱附处理后残渣的含油率能达到标准要求;在以上条件下,以能耗为考核指标,通过响应曲面法研究发现,单因素变量的交互项均对能耗影响显著;将加热温度由550℃降低至430℃时,停留时间由45 min降至40 min,能耗可节约17.47%,残渣的含油率0.3%;通过调整热脱附工艺参数,可在油基岩屑热脱附处理后残渣的含油率达标的基础上,实现节能降耗。上述研究结果可为合理设置油基岩屑热脱附装置的运行工艺参数提供参考。 相似文献
936.
Baoyuan Guo Jiao Meng Xinyu Wang Chengnan Yin Weiyu Hao Baiwen Ma Zhang Tao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):2
937.
Mi Jun Bian Jie Liu Yaru Guo Wenxia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37199-37209
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study was to explore the enterprises in the mining area, in the face of environmental pollution, to use relationship embedding to... 相似文献
938.
Guo ChengJun Xu YaLan Tian Zhong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37333-37346
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Human civilization has reached an unprecedented height, but the industrialization of economic development also brings global warming, ozone depletion,... 相似文献
939.
为探究人在火灾环境下的行为心理对疏散效率的影响,基于火灾下人员行为心理特征具有复杂、抽象、难以直接量化的特性,通过模糊逻辑方法,应用模糊集合、模糊规则和隶属度函数量化人的行为心理,研究其对疏散速度的影响;考虑火灾烟气和群体行为对疏散的影响,通过对高层建筑火灾状况下的烟气进行数值分析,并运用公式法得出人员的疏散速度折减值;以某高层商业建筑火灾疏散为例,将修正后人员的疏散速度和疏散路径引入疏散分析并与未修正的结果进行比较。结果表明:未修正的商业建筑疏散时间为470 s,修正后的疏散时间为670 s,修正后的疏散时间更长,人员危险性更大。 相似文献
940.
The extensive reclamation of marshland into cropland has tremendously impacted the ecological environment of the Sanjiang Plain in northeast China. To understand the impacts of marshland reclamation and restoration on soil properties, we investigated the labile organic carbon fractions and the soil enzyme activities in an undisturbed marshland, a cultivated marshland and three marshlands that had been restored for 3, 6 and 12?years. Soil samples collected from the different management systems at a depth of 0-20?cm in July 2009 were analyzed for soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and easily degradable organic carbon. In addition, the activities of the invertase, β-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase were determined. These enzymes are involved in C, N and P cycling, respectively. Long-term cultivation resulted in decreased SOC, DOC, MBC, microbial quotient and C (invertase, β-glucosidase) and N-transforming (urease) enzyme activities compared with undisturbed marshland. After marshland restoration, the MBC and DOC concentrations and the soil invertase, β-glucosidase and urease activities increased. Soil DOC and MBC concentrations are probably the main factors responsible for the different invertase, β-glucosidase and urease activities. In addition, marshland restoration caused a significant increase in the microbial quotient, which reflects enhanced efficiency of organic substrate use by microbial biomass. Our observations demonstrated that soil quality recovered following marshland restoration. DOC, MBC and invertase, β-glucosidase and urease activities were sensitive for discriminating soil ecosystems under the different types of land use. Thus, these parameters should be considered to be indicators for detecting changes in soil quality and environmental impacts in marshlands. 相似文献