绍兴茶园小流域的3种农药生态风险评价

虫螨腈、联苯菊酯和溴氰菊酯是茶叶生产中较为常见的3种杀虫剂,但其对茶园小流域内生态环境影响的相关研究较少。为评价其生态风险,选取我国浙江绍兴茶园小流域内主要溪流及湖库采集水体样品,采用气相色谱-质谱法对样品中3种农药进行残留检测;基于美国生态毒理数据库(ECOTOX)收集了3种农药对我国常见水生生物的毒性数据,利用BITSSD软件平台构建了物种敏感度分布(species sensitivity distribution, SSD)曲线,结合研究区实测数据开展3种农药对绍兴茶园小流域的生态风险评价研究。结果表明：(1)无脊椎动物和节肢动物对3种农药的敏感度高于鱼类,营养级越高其敏感度越低;(2)根据SSD模拟结果,为保护该流域95%的物种,联苯菊酯和溴氰菊酯浓度需<0.001μg·L^(-1),虫螨腈为0.4μg·L(-1),虫螨腈为0.4μg·L^(-1);(3)农药喷施后,虫螨腈、溴氰菊酯和联苯菊酯在茶园溪流中的残留浓度最高分别影响22%、50%和66%的物种,联苯菊酯是生态风险的主要贡献者,但在喷施1个月后,茶园流域水溪及河湖水环境中的农药残留基本均未检出。这说明3种农药施用对茶园小流域物种的影响较小,所带来的生态风险尚在可控范围之内。     

Four kinds of capping materials for controlling phosphorus and nitrogen release from contaminated sediment using a static simulation experiment

• Lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) can effectively absorb phosphorus (P). • Water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) capping is effective for controlling P release. •Aluminum-based P-inactivation agent (Al-PIA) is an efficient P control material. •The P adsorbed by WTPS and Al-PIA is mainly in the form of NAIP. We determined the effects of quartz sand (QS), water treatment plant sludge (WTPS), aluminum-based P-inactivation agent (Al-PIA), and lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) thin-layer capping on controlling phosphorus and nitrogen release from the sediment, using a static simulation experiment. The sediment in the experiment was sampled from Yundang Lagoon (Xiamen, Fujian Province, China), which is a eutrophic waterbody. The total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), and total organic carbon (TOC) levels in the overlying water were measured at regular intervals, and the changes of different P forms in WTPS, Al-PIA, and sediment of each system were analyzed before and after the test. The average TP reduction rates of LMB, Al-PIA, WTPS, and QS were 94.82, 92.14, 86.88, and 10.68%, respectively, when the release strength of sediment TP was 2.26–9.19 mg/(m²·d) and the capping strength of the materials was 2 kg/m². Thin-layer capping of LMB, WTPS, and Al-PIA could effectively control P release from the sediment (P<0.05). However, thin-layer capping of LMB, Al-PIA, and QS did not significantly reduce the release of ammonium N and organic matter (P > 0.05). Based on our results, LMB, Al-PIA, and WTPS thin-layer capping promoted the migration and transformation of easily released P in sediment. The P adsorbed by WTPS and Al-PIA mainly occurred in the form of NAIP.     

Antibiotic resistance genes in manure-amended paddy soils across eastern China: Occurrence and influencing factors

• Manure fertilization resulted in antibiotic residues and increased metal contents. • The tet and sul genes were significantly enhanced with manure fertilization. • Soil physicochemical properties contributed to 12% of the variations in ARGs. • Soil metals and antibiotics co-select for ARGs. Pig manure, rich in antibiotics and metals, is widely applied in paddy fields as a soil conditioner, triggering the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil. However, comprehensive studies on the effects of manure fertilization on the abundance of ARGs and their influencing factors are still insufficient. Here, pig manure and manure-amended and inorganic-amended soils were collected from 11 rice-cropping regions in eastern China, and the accumulation of antibiotics, metals, and ARGs was assessed simultaneously. The results showed that manure fertilization led to antibiotic residues and increased the metal content (i.e., Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr). Tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes (tetM, tetO, sul1, and sul2) were also significantly enhanced with manure fertilization. According to variance partitioning analysis, the most important factors that individually influenced ARGs were soil physicochemical properties, accounting for 12% of the variation. Significant correlations between soil nutrients and ARGs indicated that manure application enhanced the growth of resistant microorganisms by supplying more nutrients. Metals and antibiotics contributed 9% and 5% to the variations in ARGs, respectively. Their co-occurrence also increased the enrichment of ARGs, as their interactions accounted for 2% of the variation in ARGs. Interestingly, Cu was significantly related to most ARGs in the soil (r = 0.26–0.52, p<0.05). Sulfapyridine was significantly related to sul2, and tetracycline resistance genes were positively related to doxycycline. This study highlighted the risks of antibiotic and ARG accumulation with manure fertilization and shed light on the essential influencing factors of ARGs in paddy soils.     

Endogenous development of green finance and cultivation mechanism of green bankers

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There is a great demand for the endogenous development of green finance in the new era. Green bankers can boost the supply of such growth based on...     

Treatment of fluorine-containing pharmaceutical wastewater by VUV/UV process

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As an advanced oxidation process, vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet (VUV/UV) has been intensively studied for drinking water treatment, but assessment of...     

Effect of indole-3-acetic acid supplementation on the physiology of Lolium perenne L. and microbial activity in cadmium-contaminated soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cadmium (Cd) pollution has led to a serious deterioration in soil quality, plant growth, and human health. Therefore, restoration of soil quality is...     

An insight into the drag effect of water,land, and energy on economic growth across space and time: the application of improved Solow growth model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Economies that depend on natural resources can experience a resource drag effect when economic growth is limited by constraints on the availability of...     

SDG-oriented multi-scenario sustainable land-use simulation under the background of urban expansion

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With the continuous improvement of urbanization level and the continuous expansion of city scale, there are some unreasonable land development and...     

Assessing economic sustainability and ecological efficiency with genuine progress indicator: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018

To achieve urban sustainability, it is critical to enhance the environment, economy, and society simultaneously. This study adopted the revised genuine progress indicator (GPI) and ecological footprint (EF) to evaluate the ecological efficiency and economic sustainability of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018. Spatial analysis was utilized to identify spatial autocorrelation. A total of 27 cities were then partitioned through k-means cluster analysis. The results showed that GPI and ecological efficiency improved rapidly, but economic sustainability showed a downward trend. GPI and GDP had a high degree of spatial correlation, especially in Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Metropolitan Area. However, no spatial correlation existed between GPI and EF. The city with high GEE can reach 3000 $/gha, indicating the city consumed 1 global hectare to create $3000 of genuine economic growth. Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Taizhou were cities with the highest level of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency. The spatiotemporal characteristics of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency revealed in this study will provide theoretical guidance for alleviating ecological pressure and promoting economic sustainable development.

     

Impact of air pollutants on hospital visits for pediatric asthma in Fuzhou city,southeast China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rapid social development in China has resulted in severe air pollution and adverse impacts on people’s health. Although studies have been...